Physics Department
Physics 112
Experiment 9
Resonance
Student’s name: Mohammad Shtayeh
Student’s No.: 1231028
Partner’s name: Omar Yahya
Partners No.: 1231237
Section: 1
Instructor: Shayma’ Salama
Date: 1st/06/2024
Abstract:
The aim in this experiment is to compare between the sharpness of two circuits that
have fixed values for the inductor and capacitance, with different resistors.
The method is by calculating each’s quality by getting specific readings of the
angular frequency off the graph I vs ω for each circuit.
Theory:
Considering the AC powered RLC circuit,
Its amplitude of the current passing through the circuit is given by:
It is obvious that I0 assumes a maximum as a function of ω when,
It has to be noted that the angular frequency at this instant is called the natural
angular frequency,
Resonance is the occurrence of when the current flowing in the circuit assumes its
maximum value at when the driving voltage frequency is equal to the natural
frequency of the circuit.
A measure of the sharpness of the resonance curve is a quantity called the quality
factor (Q), which is defined as
And at resonance it is equal to
Notice that
Q∝
√ L
C
And Q ∝ R
1
A practical value that measures the
sharpness of the resonance curve is
the bandwidth. The bandwidth (∆ω)
is the frequency range between the
maximum value of I0 and the value
of (0.7I0), see
The quality factor is related to the bandwidth as follows,
ω0
Q=
¿ ∆ ω∨¿ ¿
Data:
(Data Sheet Attached)
Calculations: Given data:
C = 100 nF
L = 10 mH
R1 = 1 KΩ
R2 = 2 KΩ
1 3
ω 0= =31.6∗10 rad /s
√ LC
ω0
f 0= =5.0 KHz
2π
Q1(theory) =
√
1 L
=
1
√0.01
R C 1000 0.1∗10−6
=0.316
ω0
Q 1(exp) = =0.266
∆ω
Q2 (theory) =
√
1 L
=
1
√0.01
R C 2000 0.1∗10−6
=0.158
ω0
Q2 (exp )= =0.169
∆ω
The quality has no unit because it’s a ratio between the natural frequency
and the bandwidth.
(Data was calculated on the graph paper)
Main Results:
Circuit 1 Circuit 2
R1 = 1 KΩ R1 = 2 KΩ
Q1(theory) = 0.316 Q2(theory) = 0.158
Q1(exp) = 0.266 Q1(exp) = 0.169
Conclusion:
It was concluded that the current for circuit 1 is sharper than it for circuit 2,
because the quality for the former has a larger magnitude than that of the latter.
The quality of the first circuit was experimentally estimated to be 0.266 which is
very close to the theoretical value (0.316), proving it as accurate. The same for the
second circuit, while experimentally it was 0.169, the theoretical value was 0.158.
That conclusion could be easily made just by looking at the circuits components.
Since both have the same inductor and capacitance, their resistances are the only
difference. The value of the quality depends inversely on the resistor, therefore,
because circuit 1 has a lower resistance it has a higher quality, hence sharper.
The error could have happened while working with the DSO, putting the right
amount of frequency on the signal generator or positioning the graph in the correct
place, which could have affected the readings took in the experiment leading to
flaws in plotting the graph.