Rampleys sponge holder
• It has fenestrated ends with transverse serrations
• It has rachet and a box joint
USES
• Used for cleaning/preparing parts , to hold
gallbladder and cervix during surgeries, for blunt
dissections, as ovum forceps
Towel clip
• 2 types -
• Mayo towel clip: has ratchet for locking the box joint
-used to fix suction tubes, diathermy wires,
laproscopy cables, fix ribs in flail chest
• Doyen towel clip: has pinch lock action
Bard-Parker handle
• Used to mount surgical blades
• Pen/paint brush grip, palmar grip
Vicryl suture
• Polyglactin braided suture
• Synthetic absorbable suture
• Undergoes hydrolyses in 60-90days
• Tensile strength is 60% at end of 1st week and 30% at the end of
3rd week
USES
• Bowel (3-0 round body needle), bladder (3-0 round body needle),
CBD (5-0 round body needle)
• It can also be used to approximate subcutaneous tissues together.
Surgical blades
No. 11- Pointed/Stab blade : for incision and
drainage, also used for arteriotomy
No.12- Curved blade: for suture removal
No. 10,15,20,21,22,23: these have a belly
(sharpest portion) which is curved used to
make in incision
I. V Cannula
Yankauer Suction
• suction of blood/secretions
• suction of saliva in oral surgery
RETRACTORS
NON SELF RETAINING RETRACTORS SELF RETAINING RETRACTORS
SKIN HOOK MASTOID RETRACTOR
CAT’S PAW RETRACTOR BALFOUR SELF-RETAINING RETRACTOR
CZERNEY’S RETRACTOR BOOK-WALTER SYSTEM
LANGENBECK RETRACTOR
MORRIS RETRACTOR
DOYEN RETRACTOR
DEAVER RETRACTOR
MALLEABLE RETRACTOR
VOLKMANN’S RETRACTOR
Czerney’s retractor
• It has a hook at 1 end (at 90 degrees) to hook tissue
• has fenestrations to make instrument lighter and
bettre grip
• at other end space for taking bites from rectus sheath
• used for superficial tissues and abdominal wall
retraction, hernia and laprotomy closures
• prevents slipping of tissues
Langenbeck retractor
• long handle + small solid blade
• hernia/superficial injuries to retract
skin, fascia, aponeurosis
• narrow blade to retract liver edge
Doyen’s retractor
• convexity of the blade is more
• used to retract bladder
Deaver’s retractor
• ?-shape, retractor with broad gentle curved blade
• comes in different lengths of the blade
• retract liver, spleen, abdominal viscera
• atraumatic and gives adequate exposure
Balfour self-retaining retractor
• used for abdominal surgeries
• one blade is fixed while other is mobile
• helps in adjusting the amount of retraction required
• bladder retractor can be attached to it
Joll’s thyroid retractor
• self retaining retractor
• for thyroid surgeries
Needle holder
• has criss-cross serrations with groove at the centre
• helps in fixing/holding the needle
• needle held at 1/3rd from the swaged end
Mayo Scissors
• bulky and heavy
• mainly for cutting sutures and tough structures like sheath and fascia
• screw joint
• can be straight/slightly curved
Metzenbaum scisssors
• Lighter than Mayo scissors
• curved and has a long handle
• used for dissection and cutting fine tissues
McIndoe scissors
• used for cutting delicate structures and dissecting tissue
Tissue scissors
Tissue scissors are for cutting tissues only; avoid using them for
tasks such as cutting suture material, as these activities blunt the
sharp edge.
Mayo can be straight or curved, and the points tapered or
rounded. They are robust scissors and are used for dissecting
and cutting strong tissues such as fascia.
Metzenbaum are similar to Mayo scissors but they have shorter
blades relative to the handles. They are used for precise, fine
dissection around delicate tissues.
tissue forceps and hemostatic forceps
Artery forceps
• tranverse serrations
• used to crush tissue
• Small/medium/large
• Straight/curved
• Uses: to catch bleeding points,
Open facial planes, pass ligatures,
Hold fascia, peritoneum, aponeurosis,
sutures, Darin abscess, hold guaze
Plain dissecting forceps
• doesnt cause much trauma
• transverse serrations for better grip on delicate structures like bowel
and bladder
• no teeth
• can be used to crush vessels
Toothed dissecting forceps
• has spring action
• used to hold needles, tough structures (skin, fascia, sheath)
• serrations on handle for better grip
• are traumatic hence used for tough structures
Debakey vascular forceps
• has longitudinal groove with two rows of teeth on side and single row
on another side , provides interlocking effect
• used for holding vessels during vascular anastomosis
Spencer wells straight artery forceps
• it has 2 rings, ratchet, box joint, blades with tranverse serrations.
• used for holding bleeding arteries
• comes in different sizes
Adsons artery forceps
• Lighter than Spencer artery forceps
• Serrations at tip
• Box joint smaller than Spencer
• Used as a hemostat to control bleeding.
Curved Artery forceps
• it has transverse serrations
• used for holding tissues and epecially
bleeders.
Kelly tissue forceps
• its a long curved artery with more
gradual curve of the blade
• used for dissection and holding
structures at depth
Babcock tissue forceps have a broad, blunt and flared tip that provides
a delicate grasping action. They can be used with care on tissues
remaining in the body.
Doyen intestinal forceps are designed to hold the intestine without
crushing. They have long, thin jaws with longitudinal, non-crushing
serrations. They have a more delicate touch because they are bowed in
shape, meaning the tips of the jaws only just meet when the ratchet
engages. This provides a delicate, non-traumatic grip.
Allis tissue forceps are a strong sturdy instrument with a number of
teeth on the gripping surface. They may crush tissue and should be
used with care, as they can be quite traumatic. They are used to firmly
grasp tissues that are to be removed from the body, due to the damage
that they can cause.
Haemostatic forceps should be held using the 'tripod' grip, as with
scissors. The thumb and ring finger are inserted into the rings, while
the index and middle finger are used to guide the instrument.
The tips of the forceps are applied to a bleeding vessel. This controls
haemorrhage with minimal trauma of the surrounding tissue. Curved
haemostats can be used pointing downwards to clamp small bleeding
vessels. They can also be used curving upwards, to grasp a bleeding
stump.
Kelly and Crile haemostats are more robust. The Kelly design has
transverse grooves on the distal half of the jaws only whilst the Crile
has grooves over the entire surface.
Carmalt (Rochester-Carmalt) haemostats are sturdy instruments with
their gripping surface containing longitudinal serrations with cross-
hatching at the tip. These are large forceps suitable for clamping
blood vessels and large tissues, and also for ligating pedicles.
Halsted Mosquito haemostats are small delicate instruments.
Rib cutter
• Geirtz: 2 levers to magnify the cutting
effect
• Dolphin: sharp tip (above) and blunt tip
(placed below the rib)
Bone nibbler
• used for nibbling the sharp edges of the
rib
Lung holding forceps
• its a triangular forceps used for
stabilising the lung
Kocher’s thyroid dissector
• used for dissecting the superior pole of thyroid
Desjardin’s choledocholithotomy forceps
• long distal blades with smooth
serrations and fenestra in tip
• used for extracting stones from CBD
• no ratchet, lock or serrations
Cheatle’s forceps
• kept in dressing trolley dipped in antiseptic solution
• used to pick guaze pieces and other instruments
• no lock
Bulldog clamp
• used for temporary occlusion of peripheral vessels
• has spring loaded action, vertical grrove , and fine transverse
serrations
Doyen’s intestinal clamp
• Non-toothed , non-crushing clamp
• longitudinal serrations and ratchet
Moynihan’s occlusion clamp
• long distal blade with longitudinal serrations
• stright/curved
• non-traumatic, non-crushing type
• occludes lumen of bowel/stomach and prevents spillage
• occludes vessels & prevents bleed
• used during anastomosis
Punch biopsy instrument
• used for incisional biopsy
Trucut biopsy gun
• 8-18G
• breast lesions, soft tissue sarcomas - Inv. of choice
Humby knife
• used for raising skin grafts manually
Underwater
Seal Bag
Urobag
• connected with foleys catheter/drain
• no pipe running in between
• no water column
Foley’s catheter
• 3 way: Balloon, drainage for urine
to come out, irrigation to prevent
clot formation
• French= outer circumference
Bake’s Dilator
• long metallic malleable instrument with club at terminal end
• used to assess CBD, duodenal papilla for patency or block
Lister’s urethral dilator
• olive tip
• to dilate stricture urethra
Ryle’s tube
• one metre long - rubber/plastic
• 3 lead shots in tip - radioopaque
• markings at different levels
• 40cm- GEJ
• 50cm- body of stomach
• 60cm- pylorus
• 65cm- duodenum
Romovac suction Drain
• suction is created by pressing suction
corrugation
• sharp metallic introducer to pass the
tube into the required area after
puncturing the skin
• used in thyroidectomy, mastectomy,
radical dissection, wide excision, flap
surgeries
Abdominal Drain
• Fixed to the skin either via a silk
or nylon on a cutting needle
Flatus tube
• Indian rubber, 45cm
• one opening in tip and another
proximal to tip on the side
• used in sigmoid volvulus, paralytic
ileus, subacute intestinal obstruction