Assignment No.
5
1. Explain functions of CPCB and MPCB
Ans:-functions of CPCB
Advise the Central Government on any matter concerning prevention
and control of water and air pollution and improvement of the quality
of air.
Plan and cause to be executed a nation-wide programm for the
prevention, control or abatement of water and air pollution;
Co-ordinate the activities of the State Board and resolve disputes
among them;
Provide technical assistance and guidance to the State Boards, carry
out and sponsor investigation and research relating to problems of
water and air pollution, and for their prevention, control or abatement;
Plan and organise training of persons engaged in programme on the
prevention, control or abatement of water and air pollution;
Organise through mass media, a comprehensive mass awareness
programme on the prevention, control or abatement of water and air
pollution;
Collect, compile and publish technical and statistical data relating to
water and air pollution and the measures devised for their effective
prevention, control or abatement;
Prepare manuals, codes and guidelines relating to treatment and
disposal of sewage and trade effluents as well as for stack gas cleaning
devices, stacks and ducts;
Disseminate information in respect of matters relating to water and air
pollution and their prevention and control;
Lay down, modify or annul, in consultation with the State Governments
concerned, the standards for stream or well, and lay down standards
for the quality of air; and
Perform such other function as may be prescribed
Functions of MPCB
To plan comprehensive program for the prevention, control or
abatement of pollution and secure executions thereof,
To collect and disseminate information relating to pollution and the
prevention, control or abatement thereof,
To inspect sewage or trade effluent treatment and disposal facilities,
and air pollution control systems and to review plans, specification or
any other data relating to the treatment plants, disposal systems and
air pollution control systems in connection with the consent granted,
Supporting and encouraging the developments in the fields of pollution
control, waste recycle reuse, eco-friendly practices etc.
To educate and guide the entrepreneurs in improving environment by
suggesting appropriate pollution control technologies and techniques
Creation of public awareness about the clean and healthy environment
and attending the public complaints regarding pollution.
2. Explain need and objectives of air pollution control act
1981
Ans:-
Need:- The air (prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1981 was enacted
to improve air quality in india to fulfill the countries commitment at the 1972
United nations environment conference.
*Objectives of the act:-
A. Preventing and controlling air pollution:- The act aims to reduce
prevent and control air pollution
B. Establishing Boards:- The act establishes central and state boards to
implement the acts provisions
C. Giving Boards Powers: The act gives Boards the power to implement
the acts provisions and to perform functions related to pollution
D. Improving air quality:- The act gives the central and state
governments the power to take action to improve air quality
E. Enforcing pollution control:- The act gives the central and state
governments the power to enforce pollution control measures
F Shutting down industries: The act gives the central and state
governments the power to shut down industries that are not in compliance
with the act
G Punishing polluters: The act gives the central and state governments
the power to send polluters to Jail
3. Explain need and objectives of air quality act 2004
Ans:-
Need:- The air quality act 2004 (Act no.39 of 2004) is a south african law
that regulates air quality and aims to prevent pollution and ecological
degradation.
Objectives of the act:-
A. Standard : The act establishes national norms and standards for air
quality monitoring, management and control
B. Emissions: The act requires an atmospheric emissions license for
activities that result in significant atmospheric emissions. It also establishes
minimum emission standards for air polluting substances
C. Monitoring: The act requires air quality monitoring and emission
measurement
D. Reporting The act requires annual reports on the implementation of air
quality management plans
E. Executive Branch: The act gives the executive Branch, specially the
minister of environmental affairs, significant authority to implement the acts
objectives.
F. Planning: The act requires central and local planning for air quality
protection and improvement.
G. Advisory Committee: The act allows the minister to establish a national
air quality advisory Committee
4. Explain need and objectives of water pollution control
act 1974.
Ans:-
Need: The water(prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1974 is an act to
prevent and control water pollution , and to maintain or restore the quality of
water in india . The act was amended in 1988 and 2003 the act also includes
the water
Objectives of the act:-
A . Preventing pollution: The act aims to prevent water pollution from
industrial, agricultural, and household wastewater
B. Maintaining water quality: The act aims to maintain the
wholesomeness of water bodies
C. Regulating pollution: The act aims to regulate pollution discharges
D. Establishing Boards: The act established the central pollution control
board and state pollution control board
E. Issuing penalties : The act empowers the boards to issue penalties for
violations
F. Prohibiting pollutants : The act prohibits the discharge of sewage or
pollutants into Water bodies
5. Explain salient features of hazardous waste
management rule 2016
Ans:-
A . Waste management hierarchy: The rule establish a waste
management hierarchy that prioritizes prevention, minimization, reuse,
recycling, recovery and safe disposal
B. Authorization: All facilities that handle hazardous waste must obtain
Authorization from the state pollution control board
C. Import and export: india only imports hazardous waste for recycling,
reuse, or other uses. The importer must have environmentally sound
facilities and adequate arrangements for waste treatment
D. Standard operating procedure: Stakeholders must comply with
standard operating procedures that are specific to the type of waste.
E . single window clearance: The rules simplify the process for setting up
hazardous waste disposal facilities and importing other wasted by merging
all approvals into a single window clearance
F. Co- processing: The rules give preference to co-processing over disposal
for recovering energy or using waste as supplementary resources.
G. Liability: The occupier importer , exporter, and operator of a disposal
facility are liable for any damages caused to the environment or third parties.
H. Training : occupiers must provide appropriate training, equipment and
information to ensure the safety of people working at the size