GRADE: GRADE 10
TIME: 2hrs 10 minutes
DATE: March 13th 2025
TOPIC: PHASE CHANGES AND TEMPERATURE
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE: Students will demonstrate that temperature remains constant during a phase
change; perform a cooling curve demonstration using candle wax; and apply the relationship EH = ml.
CONTENT:
Phase changes: solid, liquid, gas
Temperature changes during phase changes
Cooling curves and their significance
The equation EH = ml (where EH is the heat energy, m is the mass, and l is the latent heat)
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE:
Students should have a basic understanding of temperature, heat energy, and the states of matter. They
should also be familiar with the concept of latent heat and basic mathematical operations involving mass
and energy.
TEACHER'S ACTIVITIES:
INTRODUCTION:
Begin the lesson by asking students what they know about phase changes and temperature.
Introduce the concept of latent heat and explain its relevance to phase changes.
Present the learning objectives for the lesson.
DEVELOPMENT STAGES:
Demonstrate the cooling curve of candle wax: Heat the wax until it melts, then allow it to cool while
monitoring and recording the temperature.
Explain how the temperature remains constant during the phase change from solid to liquid and vice
versa.
Provide examples and practice problems using the equation EH = ml to calculate heat energy in different
scenarios.
CONCLUSION:
Summarize key points discussed during the lesson.
Ask students to share their observations from the cooling curve demonstration.
Reinforce the importance of understanding phase changes in real-life applications.
PUPILS' ACTIVITIES:
INTRODUCTION:
Respond to the teacher’s questions about phase changes and temperature.
Discuss their prior knowledge regarding latent heat and states of matter.
DEVELOPMENT STAGES:
Observe the cooling curve demonstration of candle wax.
Participate in discussions about how temperature changes during different phases.
Solve practice problems utilizing the equation EH = ml in groups or pairs.
CONCLUSION:
Share their observations and insights on the cooling curve with classmates.
Reflect on how the information learned can be applied in real-world contexts.
Ask any remaining questions they may have about phase changes and temperature.
RESOURCES:
Candle wax
Heat source (e.g., hot plate)
Thermometer
Stopwatch or timer
Graph paper for plotting cooling curves
Whiteboard and markers for explanations
EVALUATION:
Assess students through a quiz covering key concepts related to phase changes, temperature, and
calculations using the equation EH = ml.
Evaluate students’ participation during discussions and their ability to apply concepts in problem-solving
activities.
Provide feedback on their observations from the cooling curve demonstration.