RECTIFIERS Analog Electronics

EC-261
 RECTIFIERS
Rectifier: The process of converting ac voltage into dc voltage is known as
rectification.

Classification:
Half Wave Rectifier
Full Wave Rectifier:
 Center Tap Rectifier
 Bridge Rectifier

 DC Power Supply: A Rectifier + Filter + Voltage Regulator

 RECTIFIERS
Half Wave Rectifier:

𝒊 𝒎

𝑽𝒎
Where 𝒎 𝑹𝒇 𝑹𝑳
 RECTIFIERS

Also if RL >> Rf
( )
 RECTIFIERS

= .
.
( )

⁄
 RECTIFIERS

= .
.
if RL >> Rf
( )

η
. .
η=
. .

dc dc
2
L m
2
L π2
ac d l
2 2
d rms f m f
2 2
l rms L m L
 RECTIFIERS
2
ac d l m L f

η will be:

/π
2 2 . .
η= 2
m
m ( / ) ( / )

2 2
η dc dc L dc
ac rms
2
L rms
2 π2
 RECTIFIERS
γ

γ= =
. . . .

=
 RECTIFIERS

Now because =

So γ= =

/
Finally γ= = 1.21
/

Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV): It’s the maximum voltage across the diode in reverse bias
that it can withstand without any damage.
PIV = Vm
FULL WAVE RECTIFIERS
 RECTIFIERS
Center Tap Full Wave Rectifier:

𝒊 𝒎

For D1 :
𝟏 𝒎

For D2 :
𝟐

𝟐 𝒎
𝑽𝒎
Where 𝒎 𝑹𝒇 𝑹𝑳
RECTIFIERS
 RECTIFIERS

1 + 2

Also if RL >> Rf
( )

= . or
.
( )
 RECTIFIERS

= .
.
if RL >> Rf
( )
 RECTIFIERS
η

. .
η=
. .

dc dc
2
L m
2
L π2
2
2 m
ac dc f L f L

/π
2 2 . .
η= 2
m
m ( / ) ( / )
 RECTIFIERS
γ

γ= =
. . . .

=
 RECTIFIERS
Now because

γ=

/
Finally γ= = 0.48
/

Also,

γ=

/
Finally γ= = 0.48
/
 RECTIFIERS
Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV): It’s the maximum voltage across the diode in reverse bias
that it can withstand without any damage.

Here in Center Tap Full wave rectifier:

1) When D1 is forward bias then D2 is reverse bias.
2) When D2 is forward bias then D1 is reverse bias.

PIV = Vm + Vm
PIV = 2Vm
 RECTIFIERS
Bridge Type Full Wave Rectifier:
𝒊𝟏

𝒊𝟐
𝒊 𝒎

For D1, D3 :
𝒊𝟐 𝒊𝟏
𝟏 𝒎

𝟏
𝒊𝟐
𝒊𝟏
𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟐
For D2, D4 :
𝟐 𝒊𝟐

𝟐 𝒎 𝒊𝟏
𝑽𝒎
Where 𝒎 𝑹𝒇 𝑹𝑳
 RECTIFIERS

𝒊𝟏

𝒊𝟐

𝒊𝟐 𝒊𝟏

𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟐
𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟐

𝒊𝟐

𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟐

𝒊𝟏
 RECTIFIERS

1 + 2

Also if RL >> Rf
( )

= . or
.
( )
 RECTIFIERS

= .
.
if RL >> Rf
( )
 RECTIFIERS
η

. .
η=
. .

dc dc
2
L m
2
L π2
2
2 m
ac dc f L f L

/π
2 2 . .
η= 2
m
m ( / ) ( / )
 RECTIFIERS
γ

γ= =
. . . .

=
 RECTIFIERS
Now because

γ=

/
Finally γ= = 0.48
/

Also,

γ=

/
Finally γ= = 0.48
/
 RECTIFIERS
Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV): It’s the maximum voltage across the diode in reverse bias
that it can withstand without any damage.
𝒊𝟏

Here in Bridge Type Full wave rectifier: 𝒊𝟐

1) When D1, D3 are forward bias then 𝒊𝟏

𝒊𝟐
D2, D4 are reverse bias. 𝒊𝟐
𝒊𝟏
𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟐
2) When D2, D4 are forward bias then
D1, D3 are reverse bias. 𝒊𝟐

𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟐

PIV = Vm 𝒊𝟏
CAPACITOR FILTER + VOLTAGE REGULATOR)
 RECTIFIER’S COMPARISON & APPLICATIONS
(Home work)
Comparisons:

Compare all rectifiers w.r.t. their technical

parameters and features..

Applications:

Rectifiers is heart of regulated DC power supply.

Explore each rectifier applications further…