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MPLS L3 VPN Overview and Monitoring

The document provides an overview of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) and its application in VPNs, detailing the MPLS L2 and L3 models, and the roles of Route Distinguisher (RD) and Route Target (RT) in managing routing information. It explains the concept of Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) and the different topologies used in MPLS networks, including HUB and Spoke, Full Mesh, and Partial Mesh. Additionally, it outlines troubleshooting steps for connectivity issues and commands for monitoring MPLS VPNs.

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anil chaudhary
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7 views27 pages

MPLS L3 VPN Overview and Monitoring

The document provides an overview of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) and its application in VPNs, detailing the MPLS L2 and L3 models, and the roles of Route Distinguisher (RD) and Route Target (RT) in managing routing information. It explains the concept of Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) and the different topologies used in MPLS networks, including HUB and Spoke, Full Mesh, and Partial Mesh. Additionally, it outlines troubleshooting steps for connectivity issues and commands for monitoring MPLS VPNs.

Uploaded by

anil chaudhary
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Prepared By : Mayur Padma

• What is MPLS
• MPLS L3 Model
• MPLS VPN operation
• Function of RD and RT
• Examples
• Multiprotocol Label Switching is a routing technique in
telecommunications networks that directs data from one node
to the next based on short path labels rather than long
network addresses, thus avoiding complex lookups in a routing
table and speeding traffic flows
MPLS VPN
Model

MPLS L2 MPLS L3
VPN VPN
• VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) is technology allows an
operator to support two or more routing domains on a CE router,
with each routing domain having its own set of interfaces and its
own set of routing and forwarding tables.

• Where IP addresses can be overlapped among the VPNs


• PE install the internal routes (IGP) in Global Routing Table.

• PE install the VPN customer routes under VRF routing tables.

 VPN routes are learned from CE routers or remote PE

 VRF- aware routing protocol (static, BGP , OSPF, RIP) on


each PE
• PE routers distribute VPN routes to each other via MP-BGP

• MP-BGP customizes the VPN customer Routing information


as per the Locally Configured VRF Information at the PE
using:

 RD (Route Distinguisher)

 RT (Route Target)
• A route distinguisher (RD) distinguishes one set of routes (one
VRF) from another.

• It is a unique number prepended to each route within a VRF


to identify it as belonging to that particular VRF or customer.
• Whereas route distinguishers are used to maintain uniqueness
among identical routes in different VRFs, route targets can be
used to share routes among them.

• We can apply route targets to a VRF to control the import and


export of routes among it and other VRFs.
• HUB and Spoke

• Full Mesh Topology

• Partial Mesh Topology


• In HUB and Spoke Topology, Spoke sites can only communicate
with HUB alone.
• In Full Mesh Topology, all customer sites can communicate to
each other.
• In Partial Mesh Topology, it’s a combination of HUB and Spoke
topology and Mesh Topology

• Its means spoke site can communicate with another spoke


site, but via HUB site
• Route reflectors (RR) are one method to get rid of the full-
mesh of IBGP peers in your network.

• The route reflector allows all IBGP speakers within your


autonomous network to learn about the available routes
without introducing loops.

• MPLS RR

 [Link]

 [Link]
• HUB to Spoke or vice versa reachability issue

• HUB to Spoke or vice versa latency/packet drop issue

• Unable to access services

• RFO
• Gathering the information

 What is spoke site and HUB site

 Last mile reachability of Spoke as well as HUB sites

 Last mile protocol for HUB and Spoke site

 PE to PE reachability

• Need to check

 RT import and export

 Routes redistribute to BGP and advertising to RR


• #show int des | i <description>

• #show ip route vrf <VRF_Name>

• #show ip vrf

• #show ipv4 vrf all interface brief | I <name>

• #show ip bgp vpnv4 rd 9583:<RD> <prefix>

• #show bgp vrf <vrf_name> neighbor <neighbor_ip> routes |


advertised-routes

• #show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf <vrf_name> neighbor <neighbor_ip>


routes | advertised-route

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