Genetic Testing For a Healthy Lifestyle

Sample Report
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

INTRODUCTION
Modern genetics is a rapidly advancing field. This expansion of self-
understanding has led to the amazing discovery that all humans share more than
99% of their DNA. It is in the < 1% variation that makes each of us unique from
everyone else in the world. Despite the common association of human genetics
with hereditary disorders and disease predisposition, this discovery has also led
to the understanding that no one approach to diet and fitness will work for
everyone. Most people who have seriously engaged in a diet and exercise plan
are likely already aware of this. The goal of this report is to offer an explanation
to these commonly held ideologies and provide answers to important questions
surrounding your diet, nutrition, exercise, and metabolism.

It is our hope that this report will be useful to anyone, regardless of his or her
current level of health or physical fitness. Whether you find yourself 40 pounds
overweight or have run two marathons in the past month, the information
contained in this report will help you live a healthier lifestyle and understand
how your body functions like never before, at the genetic level.

If after reviewing this report you have any questions, please feel free to contact us
regarding any aspect of this document. We also strongly urge you to review these
findings with your primary care physician and discuss any changes to your diet
or exercise plan before making any changes.

Thank you for giving us the opportunity to contribute to your overall health and
wellness!
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Dietary Requirements Nutritional Needs
Optimum Diet Type _____________ 3 Balanced Diet Calcium ________________________________ 21 Slightly Decreased Levels
Monounsaturated Fats _______ 4 Increased Benefit Copper __________________________________ 22 Possibly Increased

Polyunsaturated Fats _________ 4 Increased Benefit Folate ____________________________________ 23 Balanced Intake

Sensitivity to Salt _______________ 5 Salt Tolerant Magnesium ___________________________ 24 Slightly Increased Levels
Omega-3 & Omega-6 _____________ 25 Typical

Exercise & Weight Loss Phosphorus ___________________________ 26 Average Levels

Selenium ______________________________ 27 Slightly Increased Levels
Metabolic Rate ___________________ 7 Normal
Vitamin A _____________________________ 28 Increased
Loss of Body Fat/Exercise ___ 8 Normal
Vitamin B2 ____________________________ 29 Balanced Intake
Response to Dieting ___________ 9 More Effective Vitamin B6 ____________________________ 30 Likely Reduced
Weight Loss/Regain ____________ 9 Less Likely Vitamin B12 __________________________ 31 Likely Reduced
Best Diet for Weight Loss ___ 10 Low-Fat Diet Vitamin C ______________________________ 32 Increased
Obesity _______________________________ 11 Slightly Increased Risk Vitamin D _____________________________ 33 Normal
Vitamin E _____________________________ 34 Average
Metabolic Health Factors Zinc ______________________________________ 35 Average Levels

HDL Cholesterol _________________ 13 Average

LDL Cholesterol _________________ 14 Average
Reactions to Food
Triglyceride Levels _____________ 15 Average Lactose Intolerance ___________ 37 More Likely
Blood Sugar Levels _____________ 16 Possibly Increased Levels Alcohol Flush _____________________ 37 Less Likely
Oxidative Stress _________________ 17 Average Caffeine Metabolism __________ 38 Normal Metabolizer
Detoxification ____________________ 18 Normal Gluten Sensitivity _______________ 39 Low Risk
Iron Levels _________________________ 19 Average Peanut Allergy ___________________ 40 Significantly Increased Risk

Eating Behaviors
Eating Disinhibition _____________ 42 More Likely
Tendency to Overeat ____________ 42 More Likely
Satiety ___________________________________ 43 Typical
Snacking _______________________________ 43 Typical
Bitter Taste ___________________________ 44 Bitter Taster
Umami Taste _________________________ 45 Average
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

BASICS OF BIOLOGY
To get the most out of this report it will be helpful to understand some commonly used terms in
biology. Please take a minute to read this section before moving on to the rest of your report!

1) There are four letters to your

genetic code: A, T, C, and G.
These letters are often called A G C T
alleles.

2) You have two copies of your

genetic code, one from your A G T T Copy from Mom
mom and one from your dad.
A G C T Copy from Dad

3) Changes in your genetic code

are called “SNPs”. The sequence A G T T
of your genetic code at a SNP is
C/T
called a “genotype”.
A G C T Genotype

4) SNPs are always named with a A G T T

number that begins with “rs”. C/T Genotype
at SNP rs1234
A G C T
Report:
Name:
Date:

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

Body mass index (BMI) is a value obtained Customer Information
from height and weight of an individual Name Sample Report
that is used to categorize that individual
into a class of body type. BMI results are a Date July 23, 2021
single number that is then interpreted using Weight 160 lbs
a series of ranges such as those listed in the
figure below. There is some debate on the
Height 66 inches
exact values, but generally speaking, obesity Age 40
is defined as a BMI of over 30. The BMI is
Sex Female
useful because it is a single measurement
that can indicate an individual’s risk of Body Mass Index Calculations
comorbidities (co-occurring condition) that
may result from being over or underweight. BMI 25.8
Please note that this BMI calculation is only BMI Result Overweight
valid for men and women over the age of
20. If you do not see your BMI metrics to Risk of
Comorbidities Increased
the right you may not have provided us
with your height and weight along with
your test requisition.

Weight (lb)
88 132 176 220 265 309 353
2.0 6’7”

Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

BMI < 18.5 BMI 18.5 - 25 BMI 25 - 30 BMI > 30

1.9 6’3”

1.8 5’11”
Height (ft, in)
Height (m)

1.7 5’7”

1.6 5’3”

1.5 4’11”

40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Weight (kg)

Body Mass Index | Page 1

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

DIETARY REQUIREMENTS

These days, the choice of what to eat can be a

YOUR RESULTS baffling dilemma. There are continually new types
of diets being developed, each with a crowd of
supporting followers that claim “this diet worked
Optimum Diet Type – for me”. However, it is well-known that there is no
Balanced Diet one diet that works for everyone. There are several
factors that determine how your body ultimately
Monounsaturated Fats – responds to food – and your genetics are one of the
Increased Benefit most important considerations. This is due to the
fact that every person metabolizes dietary
Polyunsaturated Fats – components differently. The amount of fat that is
Increased Benefit absorbed by your small intestine, what sugars are
converted into energy, which vitamins are absorbed
Sensitivity to Salt – and how efficiently... are all determined by your
Salt Tolerant genetics. The goal of this section is to make you
better aware of what types of food and overall diet
plan you should pursue.

Dietary Requirements | Page 2

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

OPTIMUM DIET TYPE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Balanced Diet ADRB2 rs1042714 GC
People with your genotype typically respond
PPARG rs18012282 CC
best to a balanced diet. Please refer to the
example diet options below for additional FABP2 rs1799883 CC
information regarding your optimal diet.

In this section your optimum diet, the best diet to maintain optimal health, has been
determined by looking at several genes involved with fat and carbohydrate metabolism.
Based on these results, you have been assigned to one of the following diet types:

• Balanced Diet
• Mediterranean Diet
• Low Fat/High Protein Diet
• Low Carbohydrate Diet

We encourage you to review the example of popular diet types that match your genetic
recommendation (listed later in this report). Your suggested diet is recommended for you
because your genotype indicates that it will provide you with increased weight control and
additional health benefits. However, it is always recommended to discuss any change in
your diet plan with your primary health care provider. 51, 40, 27, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63

A proper diet maintains more than

just your weight. It provides your
overall body with health benefits.

Dietary Requirements | Page 3

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

BALANCED DIET
A balanced diet will help you get the right amount of foods to reach your goals and find
optimal health. What does a balanced diet look like? Instead of counting calories, simply
use your hand as a guide to “measure” the food on your plate. With each meal/snack, you
will aim to include lean protein and vegetables. With most meals you can also include
what we like to refer to as “smart carbohydrates”. Smart carbohydrates are whole food
carbohydrates that give you lots of nutrition in the form of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
Also, with most meals, you can include a healthy fat. You will also want to include healthy
fats that come from whole food sources.

Women begin Men begin Suggested Macros

by eating: by eating:
• 1 palm of lean protein • 2 palms of lean protein
each meal each meal
• 1 fist of vegetables • 2 fists of vegetables
each meal each meal
• 1 cupped handful of
smart carbohydrates
• 2 cupped handfuls of
smart carbohydrates
Fat
most meals most meals 25%
• 1 thumb of fat most • 2 thumbs of fat most Carbs
meals meals
50%
Portion sizes provide a general idea for building a
healthy plate. There are many other factors to take
Protein
into consideration when working to meet your specific 25%
goals. Feeling hungry? Start by adding more
vegetables to your plate. Always consult your
physician prior to beginning a new diet plan.

LEAN PROTEIN VEGETABLES SMART CARBOHYDRATES HEALTHY FATS

• Remove visible fat/skin • Asparagus • Lettuce (not • Barley • Avocado
• Beef (look for extra lean cuts; • Broccoli iceberg) • Corn • Butter (not margarine)
90% or greater with 10% or less • Brussels • Mushrooms • Oats • Natural peanut butter; natural
of fat) sprouts • Onions • Potatoes (purple, red, or gold) nut or seed butters (almond,
• Pork • Cabbage • Radishes • Quinoa cashew, etc.)
• Chicken • Carrots • Snap peas • Rice (brown, red, or wild) • Nuts/seeds (almonds, cashews,
• Turkey • Tomatoes • Squash chia, ground flax, hemp, pecans,
• Cauliflower
• Venison • Turnips • Sweet potatoes/yams pumpkin, sunflower, walnuts)
• Celery
• Eggs/Egg whites • Yellow • Fresh or frozen fruit • Cold-pressed oils (avocado oil,
• Cucumbers
• Fish to include: tuna; salmon, Squash coconut oil, fish oil, olive oil,
tilapia, cod, haddock, trout • Green beans • Zucchini flax seed oil, hemp seed oil,
• Seafood such as: shrimp, • Peppers pumpkin seed oil)
scallops, crab (not imitation) (green/yellow
• Dairy: milk, cottage cheese, /orange/red) Be sure to count the fats you used
plain/Greek yogurt to prepare your food as well as
• Protein powders any used in dressings or sauces.
• Beans
• Lentils

Dietary Requirements | Page 3a

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

MEDITERRANEAN DIET
The Mediterranean diet is often called a heart-healthy eating plan. It includes a wide
variety of fruits, vegetables, fish, whole grains, and healthy fats. This diet has been
associated with low levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, also known as the
“bad” cholesterol. Research with the Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce the risk
of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases.

Women begin Men begin Look For: Avoid:

by eating: by eating:
• 1 palm of lean protein • 2 palms of lean • Fruits and vegetables • Saturated fats and trans fats
each meal protein each meal • Whole grains (see smart (see list below, this would
• 1 fist of vegetables • 2 fists of vegetables carbohydrates explanation include butter, sausage,
each meal each meal below) bacon)
• 1 cupped handful of • 2 cupped handfuls of • Healthy Fats (see healthy • Red meat (limit to once or
smart carbohydrates smart carbohydrates fats description below) twice a month)
most meals most meals • Season with herbs and • Meat that has been battered
• 1 thumb of fat most • 2 thumbs of fat most spices or fried in large amounts of
meals meals • Fish (once or twice a week) – oil (it is okay to pan sear
bake or grill, not breaded using small amount of
Portion sizes provide a general idea for building a and fried healthy fats from list)
healthy plate. There are many other factors to take • Low fat versions of milk, • Refined carbohydrates
into consideration when working to meet your yogurt, cheese • Seasoning with salt
specific goals. Feeling hungry? Start by adding
more vegetables to your plate. Always consult your
physician prior to beginning a new diet plan.

LEAN PROTEIN VEGETABLES HEALTHY FATS

• Remove visible fat/skin • Asparagus • Lettuce (not • Avocado

Suggested Macros
• Beef (look for extra lean cuts; • Broccoli iceberg) • Natural peanut butter;
90% or greater with 10% or less • Brussels • Mushrooms natural nut or seed butters
of fat) sprouts • Onions (almond, cashew, etc.)
• Chicken/Turkey: eat white • Cabbage • Radishes • Nuts/seeds (almonds,
meat, with skin removed. If • Carrots • Snap peas cashews, chia, ground flax,
you choose ground chicken, • Tomatoes hemp, pecans, pumpkin,
• Cauliflower
look for 97% or greater as they • Turnips sunflower, walnuts)
• Celery
will grind the whole chicken in • Yellow • Cold-pressed oils (avocado
• Cucumbers
other versions that will give Squash oil, coconut oil, fish oil, olive
you more fat from the dark • Green beans • Zucchini oil, flax seed oil, hemp seed
meat and the skin. • Peppers oil, pumpkin seed oil) Fat
• Eggs/egg whites: Limit the • Limit or replace butter with
Carbs 35%
SMART CARBOHYDRATES
amount of yolks you use to one cold-pressed oils
yolk; this is where the fat comes
from and it is mainly saturated Be sure to count the fats you
45%
fat • Barley used to prepare your food as
• Fish to include: tuna, salmon, • Corn well as any used in dressings or
• Oats
tilapia, cod, haddock, trout. Eat
once or twice a week. • Potatoes (purple, red, or gold)
sauces. Protein
• Seafood: shrimp, scallops, crab • Quinoa
• Rice (brown, red, or wild) 20%
(not imitation)
• Dairy: milk, cottage cheese, • Squash
plain/Greek yogurt (look for • Sweet potatoes/yams
lower fat versions of all) • Fresh or frozen fruit
• Protein powders
• Beans and lentils

Dietary Requirements | Page 3a

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LOW-FAT DIET
Eating the right kinds of fat in the right amounts are important for hormone regulation, healthy immune
system, vitamin absorption, nourishing your fatty tissues (brain, eyes, skin), and for faster workout recovery.
There are several different kinds of fats and how much fat you eat is just as important as balancing the type of
fats you eat. Equally important is that your fats come from a variety of whole unprocessed foods when possible
(eggs, meats, fish, olives, nuts, and seeds). This will help optimize health, body composition, and performance.
Fats are energy dense. This means they have more calories per gram than carbohydrates and protein.

With a low-fat diet, you don’t have to get fat at every meal. With each meal/snack, you will want to include lean
protein and vegetables. Lean proteins will have the fat trimmed from it and the skin removed. With most
meals you can also include what we like to refer to as “smart carbohydrates,” which are whole food
carbohydrates that give you lots of nutrition in the form of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.

LEAN PROTEIN SMART CARBOHYDRATES Suggested Macros

• Remove visible fat/skin • Fish to include: tuna; • Barley
• Beef (look for extra lean salmon, tilapia, cod, • Corn
cuts; 90% or greater haddock, trout • Oats
Fat
with 10% or less of fat) • Seafood such as: shrimp, • Potatoes (purple, red, or gold) 20%
• Pork scallops, crab (not • Quinoa
• Chicken imitation) • Rice (brown, red, or wild)
Carbs
• Turkey • Dairy: milk, cottage • Squash 55% Protein
• Venison cheese, plain/Greek • Sweet potatoes/yams 25%
• Eggs/Egg whites yogurt • Fresh or frozen fruit
• Lentils • Protein powders
• Beans

HEALTHY FATS UNHEALTHY FATS

Saturated Fat Polyunsaturated Fat Trans Fats
You will get a good portion • Flax seeds/flax seed oil These are artificially produced (man-made) in an effort to convert
of this from your protein • Cold Pressed oils a liquid oil into a solid (this makes foods have a longer shelf life
selection: (pumpkin, hemp seed) and a better mouth feel). You want to minimize or completely
• Animal fats (egg yolks, • Omega 3: Fish oil/fatty avoid because trans fats increase risk of coronary heart disease,
dairy, meat, butter, cold-water fish (salmon, cancer, and other chronic health conditions/diseases. If you see
cheese) mackerel, herring, Trans Fat on the label of a food, you want to say no thank you.
• Tropical oils (coconut oil, sardines) However, the FDA doesn’t require trans fats to be listed on the food
palm oil) • Omega 6: use these fats label if it contains less than 0.5 grams. So, you will want to learn to
sparingly as they have read your ingredient lists. Look on labels for partially
Monounsaturated Fat been industrialized hydrogenated or vegetable shortening, monoglycerides, or
through high-heat diglycerides. These are commonly found in:
• Olives
processing and have • Margarine
• Avocado
been shown to promote • Vegetable shortening or “spreads”
• Olive oil, avocado oil,
inflammation (canola, • Peanut butter (unless it is natural)
macadamia nut oil,
corn, cottonseed, • Baked goods
almond oil
grapeseed, palm kernel, • Fried foods
• Nuts and nut butters
peanut, rice bran, • Processed foods (be extra cautious of things that are labeled
(natural)
safflower, sesame, “low-fat” or “fat free”)
soybean, sunflower,
vegetable).

Dietary Requirements | Page 3a

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LOW-CARB DIET
Carbohydrates are essential for life and the nutrient our body prefers to use for energy. Our brains and
nervous system need a continuous supply of glucose (sugar in the blood) to feed the cells and function
optimally. By starting a lower carbohydrate diet, you are looking at a diet that will you give you the right
amount of foods to reach your goals and find optimal health. Instead of completely eliminating carbohydrates
like many fad diets instruct, it’s healthier to move to BETTER carbohydrates. We often reference these better
carbs as “smart” carbohydrates.

With a low carb diet, you don’t have to have carbohydrates at every meal. With each meal/snack, you will aim
to include lean protein and vegetables. With most meals you can also include a smart carb. Just be sure you
are aiming for whole food sources to give you lots of nutrition in the form of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
Also, with most meals, you can include a healthy fat. You will also want to include healthy fats that come from
whole food sources.

LEAN PROTEIN HEALTHY FATS Suggested Macros

• Remove visible • Fish to include: tuna; • Avocado
fat/skin salmon, tilapia, cod, • Butter (not margarine)
• Beef (look for extra haddock, trout • Natural peanut butter; natural nut or seed
lean cuts; 90% or • Seafood such as: butters (almond, cashew, etc.)
Fat
Carbs 30%
greater with 10% or shrimp, scallops, crab • Nuts/seeds (almonds, cashews, chia, ground flax,
less of fat) (not imitation) hemp, pecans, pumpkin, sunflower, walnuts) 40%
• Pork • Dairy: milk, cottage • Cold-pressed oils (avocado oil, coconut oil, fish
• Chicken cheese, plain/Greek oil, olive oil, flax seed oil, hemp seed oil,
• Turkey yogurt pumpkin seed oil) Protein
• Venison • Protein powders 30%
• Eggs/Egg whites • Beans Be sure to count the fats you used to prepare your
• Lentils food as well as any used in dressings or sauces.

SMART CARBOHYDRATES NOT-SO-SMART CARBOHYDRATES

Benefits Found In Disadvantages Found In
• Satiety (feel full • Fruits (fresh or frozen; • Raise blood sugar • White bread, pasta,
longer) avoid canned) • Raise cholesterol and rice
• Blood sugar control • Starchy tubers • Unsatisfying (won’t • Packaged oats, cereals
• Lower cholesterol (potatoes) feel full after eating) • Cakes, pastries,
• Improve energy levels • Starchy vegetables • Can cause insulin muffins, cookies
• Naturally stimulate (carrots, corn, resistance • Fruit juices, sweetened
metabolism and plantains, squash) dried fruits
promote fat loss • Whole grains (quinoa, • Ice cream
• Increase brown or wild rice, • Sugary drinks
micronutrients slow cooking oats)
• Greater fiber intake • Beans/legumes
• Higher thermic effect • Breads/low carb
(burn more calories) tortillas (whole wheat,
sprouted grain)
• Pasta (whole wheat,
buckwheat, quinoa)

Dietary Requirements | Page 3a

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

MONOUNSATURATED FAT

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Increased Benefit ADIPOQ rs17300539 AG
You are likely to experience an increased benefit from
eating monounsaturated fats. People with your genotype
who eat more than 13% of their total calories in
monounsaturated fats often have a lower body weight.
Despite the belief of many, fat is an extremely important part of any balanced diet.
However, not all fats are created equal and careful consideration needs to be paid.
Avocados, olives, peanuts, and oils are great healthy dietary fats. Monounsaturated fats
also add Vitamin E to our diet. Additionally, not all people metabolize fats in the same
manner. Recent studies have indicated that some people can actually maintain a lower
body weight by consuming more than 13% of their daily calories through
monounsaturated fats. Based on your genotype in the ADIPOQ gene, you may experience
an “Increased Benefit” from eating moderate amounts of monounsaturated fats.
Individuals who lack this genetic variant still receive a “Normal” benefit as
monounsaturated fats are still a healthy dietary fat when consumed in proper amounts.37

POLYUNSATURATED FAT

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Increased Benefit PPARG rs1801282 CC
Your body will experience an additional benefit
from eating polyunsaturated fats, such as
Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids. Try to
consume more polyunsaturated fats and less
saturated fats in your diet.
Omega-3 and omega-6 are the two types of polyunsaturated fats that are important
nutrients for the proper growth and function of your heart and brain. Based on a genetic
variant in the PPARG gene, some individuals have been shown to maintain a lower body
weight when they consume more polyunsaturated fats than saturated fats. For these
individuals, you will receive an “Increased Benefit” from eating more polyunsaturated fats,
while those lacking the genetic variant will still receive a “Normal” benefit. Great sources
of omega-3 include fish, flaxseed, walnuts, and dark green leafy vegetables. Corn,
cottonseed, safflower, and soybean are examples of omega-6 sources.6
Dietary Requirements | Page 4
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

SALT SENSITIVITY

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Salt Tolerant ACE rs4343 AA
You are likely to experience a typical AGT rs699 AA
increase in blood pressure following the
NOS3 rs1800779 AA
consumption of dietary salt.

The amount of dietary salt consumed has long been known to contribute to high blood
pressure, also known as hypertension. But some people are more sensitive to salt than
others, meaning they may experience a greater increase in blood pressure after consuming
a large amount of salt. This difference comes down to mutations in the genes that control
the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a hormone system that regulates blood pressure.

Angiotensin is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and increases salt absorption,

which increases blood pressure. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) contributes to this
process by converting angiotensin I into the more active form of angiotensin II. You may
have heard of ACE-inhibitors, which are a class of blood pressure medications that work by
limiting the actions of that enzyme.

Several genetic mutations are known to alter the functions of both angiotensin and ACE
and increase the risk of hypertension. Genetic variants in the ACE, AGT, and NOS3 genes
have the possibility of making a person much more salt-sensitive, which could result in an
elevation of blood pressure following salt intake.83, 84, 85 If your results in this section
suggest you could be salt-sensitive, speak with your physician about ways to monitor your
blood pressure and consider low-sodium alternatives when cooking or dining out.

Salt is a mineral consisting primarily of sodium

chloride, a chemical compound belonging to the
larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a
crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite.

Dietary Requirements | Page 5

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

EXERCISE & WEIGHT LOSS

YOUR RESULTS Many recent studies have started to provide

strong evidence that an individual’s genetic
makeup can drastically influence how they
Overall Metabolic Rate – respond to exercise and diet. For example,
certain genetic variants in the PPARD gene have
Normal been linked to greatly enhanced benefits from
Loss of Body Fat – moderate endurance training, while others
Normal require high intensity exercise to efficiently lose
weight. Other variants determine how much fat
Response to Dieting – your body will utilize during exercise. While
More Effective these conclusions are amazing, they reinforce
something that nearly everyone who has
Weight Loss & Regain – attempted a weight-loss program will tell you –
Less Likely some people lose weight with less effort. The
goal of this series of genetic tests is to best
Best Diet for Weight Loss – inform you of how your body responds to
Low-Fat Diet exercise and to help create a personalized
approach for your overall fitness plan.
Obesity –
Slightly Increased Risk

Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 6

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

OVERALL METABOLIC RATE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Normal LEPR rs1805094 GG
People with your genotype typically have a
normal resting metabolic rate.

Nearly everyone knows someone with a “fast metabolism,” maybe you are even one
yourself! These people are usually described as being able to eat whatever they want
without gaining a pound. The term metabolism describes how your body breaks down and
utilizes the calories you consume. Resting metabolism describes how your body uses
energy during rest, as any type of exercise will generally increase your metabolic rate.
There are many different factors that can regulate your metabolism, but recent genetic
findings have uncovered a marker in the LEPR gene that can influence your metabolic
rate. The study revealed that individuals with two copies of the "C" allele are more likely to
have a significantly increased resting metabolic rate, while individuals with other
genotypes are likely to have a “Normal” metabolic rate. However, it is important to
remember that your metabolism is ultimately not controlled by only one gene, but is rather
a consequence of your diet, genetics, and daily activities.67

move more

5 WAYS TO
lift more
BOOST YOUR
drink more
METABOLISM
sleep more

eat more

Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 7

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LOSS OF BODY FAT IN RESPONSE TO EXERCISE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Normal LPL rs328 CC
People with your genotype experience a
typical reduction in body fat in response to
exercise.

Weight control and the loss of body fat are one of many benefits that result from regular
exercise. For many people, burning excess fat is their primary fitness goal. Given this, it
may be surprising to learn that not everyone burns fat equally during exercise. A genetic
variant in the LPL gene has been associated with how much fat is burned during exercise.
Individuals with one or more “G” alleles at position rs328 in the LPL gene have been shown
to have an “Enhanced” ability to burn fat as a result of exercise. Of course, if you lack this
genetic variant you will still lose fat in response to exercise, but be aware that it may take a
little more effort as compared to others with this variant.2

Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 8

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

RESPONSE TO DIETING

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
More Effective ADIPOQ rs17300539 AG
It is likely that you will experience additional
weight-loss from dieting, especially if you are
already overweight.

Adiponectin is a hormone released from fatty tissue that is known to contribute to a variety of
different metabolic processes, including the regulation of blood sugar and the breakdown of
fatty acids. Levels of adiponectin are known to be inversely related to body fat, meaning that
the more adiponectin you have circulating in your blood, the less likely you are to have
excessive body fat. A study identified a genetic variant in the ADIPOQ gene that resulted in
higher levels of adiponectin with one or more copies of the A allele at position rs17300539.
Moreover, the study also identified individuals with one or more copies of an "A" allele to
have better and more long-lasting results from a calorie-restricted diet with regards to
metabolic markers, such as insulin and triglyceride levels. Participants in the study who had
one or more copies of the "A" allele were also shown to maintain these benefits of dieting for a
much longer period of time as compared to "G/G" participants.28, 37

WEIGHT LOSS & REGAIN

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Less Likely ADIPOQ rs17300539 AG
People with your genotype are more likely
to keep weight off after losing it.

Unfortunately, many individuals find that it is difficult to keep the pounds off following a
successful weight loss program. This may be due to a regression in diet and exercise, but
your genetics also play a part in how likely you are to gain weight back after losing it. A
recent study identified a genetic variant in the ADIPOQ gene that influences weight loss.
People who have two copies of the "G" allele at this location have been found to be more
likely to gain weight back following a weight loss program, while individuals without this
genotype are more likely to maintain their weight loss. Regardless of your genotype, it is
important to maintain a healthy diet and active lifestyle following any weight loss program
to ensure the pounds stay off. 28 Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 9
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

BEST DIET FOR WEIGHT LOSS

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Low-Fat Diet FAB2 rs1799883 GC
Results from your test indicate that you will PPARG rs1801282 CC
lose 2.5x more weight on a diet that is low in
ADRB2 rs1042714 CC
fat as opposed to a low carbohydrate diet.

It is well known that not everyone metabolizes food in the same manner. This is probably
most evident when you are trying to lose weight through dieting. It is also evidenced by
the never-ending feud that exists between rival diet programs such as paleo and Atkins.
What most individuals do not realize is that not every diet will work for every person. Just
because your good friend had amazing results from Atkins does not mean that it will work
for you. This section of the report is based on research that has been performed on the two
most popular approaches to weight loss, a low-fat vs. a low-carb diet. Based on your
genotype at three different locations, you are predisposed to having one diet work better
for you than the other. Researchers have found that people who have subscribed to
the correct diet based on their genotype lose 2.5 times more weight than if they were
practicing the alternative diet. Some individuals have also been shown to have good
results, regardless of diet type. Based on your results at the following three locations, you
will receive one of the following outcomes:

• “Any Diet Works for You”

• “Low Carb Diet”
• “Low Fat Diet”

If you have struggled with finding the right diet for weight loss in the past, then you may
want to consider trying again with the diet suggested for you in this panel. It should also
be stressed that any diet will work if it is supplying the correct caloric and vitamin intake.
Be sure to discuss any significant changes in your diet with your primary healthcare
provider before beginning a new program. 20, 10, 5, 1, 13, 8

Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 10

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LOW-FAT DIET
Eating the right kinds of fat in the right amounts are important for hormone regulation, healthy immune
system, vitamin absorption, nourishing your fatty tissues (brain, eyes, skin), and for faster workout recovery.
There are several different kinds of fats and how much fat you eat is just as important as balancing the type of
fats you eat. Equally important is that your fats come from a variety of whole unprocessed foods when possible
(eggs, meats, fish, olives, nuts, and seeds). This will help optimize health, body composition, and performance.
Fats are energy dense. This means they have more calories per gram than carbohydrates and protein.

With a low-fat diet, you don’t have to get fat at every meal. With each meal/snack, you will want to include lean
protein and vegetables. Lean proteins will have the fat trimmed from it and the skin removed. With most
meals you can also include what we like to refer to as “smart carbohydrates,” which are whole food
carbohydrates that give you lots of nutrition in the form of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.

LEAN PROTEIN SMART CARBOHYDRATES Suggested Macros

• Remove visible fat/skin • Fish to include: tuna; • Barley
• Beef (look for extra lean salmon, tilapia, cod, • Corn
cuts; 90% or greater haddock, trout • Oats
Fat
with 10% or less of fat) • Seafood such as: shrimp, • Potatoes (purple, red, or gold) 20%
• Pork scallops, crab (not • Quinoa
• Chicken imitation) • Rice (brown, red, or wild)
Carbs
• Turkey • Dairy: milk, cottage • Squash 55% Protein
• Venison cheese, plain/Greek • Sweet potatoes/yams 25%
• Eggs/Egg whites yogurt • Fresh or frozen fruit
• Lentils • Protein powders
• Beans

HEALTHY FATS UNHEALTHY FATS

Saturated Fat Polyunsaturated Fat Trans Fats
You will get a good portion • Flax seeds/flax seed oil These are artificially produced (man-made) in an effort to convert
of this from your protein • Cold Pressed oils a liquid oil into a solid (this makes foods have a longer shelf life
selection: (pumpkin, hemp seed) and a better mouth feel). You want to minimize or completely
• Animal fats (egg yolks, • Omega 3: Fish oil/fatty avoid because trans fats increase risk of coronary heart disease,
dairy, meat, butter, cold-water fish (salmon, cancer, and other chronic health conditions/diseases. If you see
cheese) mackerel, herring, Trans Fat on the label of a food, you want to say no thank you.
• Tropical oils (coconut oil, sardines) However, the FDA doesn’t require trans fats to be listed on the food
palm oil) • Omega 6: use these fats label if it contains less than 0.5 grams. So, you will want to learn to
sparingly as they have read your ingredient lists. Look on labels for partially
Monounsaturated Fat been industrialized hydrogenated or vegetable shortening, monoglycerides, or
through high-heat diglycerides. These are commonly found in:
• Olives
processing and have • Margarine
• Avocado
been shown to promote • Vegetable shortening or “spreads”
• Olive oil, avocado oil,
inflammation (canola, • Peanut butter (unless it is natural)
macadamia nut oil,
corn, cottonseed, • Baked goods
almond oil
grapeseed, palm kernel, • Fried foods
• Nuts and nut butters
peanut, rice bran, • Processed foods (be extra cautious of things that are labeled
(natural)
safflower, sesame, “low-fat” or “fat free”)
soybean, sunflower,
vegetable).

Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 10a

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LOW-CARB DIET
Carbohydrates are essential for life and the nutrient our body prefers to use for energy. Our brains and
nervous system need a continuous supply of glucose (sugar in the blood) to feed the cells and function
optimally. By starting a lower carbohydrate diet, you are looking at a diet that will you give you the right
amount of foods to reach your goals and find optimal health. Instead of completely eliminating carbohydrates
like many fad diets instruct, it’s healthier to move to BETTER carbohydrates. We often reference these better
carbs as “smart” carbohydrates.

With a low carb diet, you don’t have to have carbohydrates at every meal. With each meal/snack, you will aim
to include lean protein and vegetables. With most meals you can also include a smart carb. Just be sure you
are aiming for whole food sources to give you lots of nutrition in the form of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
Also, with most meals, you can include a healthy fat. You will also want to include healthy fats that come from
whole food sources.

LEAN PROTEIN HEALTHY FATS Suggested Macros

• Remove visible • Fish to include: tuna; • Avocado
fat/skin salmon, tilapia, cod, • Butter (not margarine)
• Beef (look for extra haddock, trout • Natural peanut butter; natural nut or seed
lean cuts; 90% or • Seafood such as: butters (almond, cashew, etc.)
Fat
Carbs 30%
greater with 10% or shrimp, scallops, crab • Nuts/seeds (almonds, cashews, chia, ground flax,
less of fat) (not imitation) hemp, pecans, pumpkin, sunflower, walnuts) 40%
• Pork • Dairy: milk, cottage • Cold-pressed oils (avocado oil, coconut oil, fish
• Chicken cheese, plain/Greek oil, olive oil, flax seed oil, hemp seed oil,
• Turkey yogurt pumpkin seed oil) Protein
• Venison • Protein powders 30%
• Eggs/Egg whites • Beans Be sure to count the fats you used to prepare your
• Lentils food as well as any used in dressings or sauces.

SMART CARBOHYDRATES NOT-SO-SMART CARBOHYDRATES

Benefits Found In Disadvantages Found In
• Satiety (feel full • Fruits (fresh or frozen; • Raise blood sugar • White bread, pasta,
longer) avoid canned) • Raise cholesterol and rice
• Blood sugar control • Starchy tubers • Unsatisfying (won’t • Packaged oats, cereals
• Lower cholesterol (potatoes) feel full after eating) • Cakes, pastries,
• Improve energy levels • Starchy vegetables • Can cause insulin muffins, cookies
• Naturally stimulate (carrots, corn, resistance • Fruit juices, sweetened
metabolism and plantains, squash) dried fruits
promote fat loss • Whole grains (quinoa, • Ice cream
• Increase brown or wild rice, • Sugary drinks
micronutrients slow cooking oats)
• Greater fiber intake • Beans/legumes
• Higher thermic effect • Breads/low carb
(burn more calories) tortillas (whole wheat,
sprouted grain)
• Pasta (whole wheat,
buckwheat, quinoa)

Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 10a

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

OBESITY

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Slightly Increased Risk APOA2 rs5082 AA
You have an Obesity Index slightly higher APOA5 rs662799 AA
than the average individual and are at a
MC4R rs2229616 CC
slightly increased risk of becoming
overweight (i.e. BMI>25) due to genetic FAM71F1 rs6971091 AG
factors. FTO rs1121980 AG
FTO rs9939609 AG
ANKK1-DRD2 rs1800497 AT
Your risk for becoming obese is largely due to a combination of lifestyle choices and
genetics. Often, individuals who have a BMI above 35 have a strong genetic determinant
that is influencing their weight, as it is estimated that 40-70% of your susceptibility to
obesity is inherited. This panel explores many of these potential markers, including those
that relate to hunger, the ability to feel full, how your body responds to exercise, and
various metabolic markers. The markers that are examined in this section have been very
strongly linked to an increase in BMI and overall obesity risk in a multitude of different
studies.95 One of the most well-studied is the FTO gene, originally described as “the fat
gene,” which plays a large role in the regulation of energy intake in the body. Aside from
energy intake, the FTO gene has also been implicated in hunger and satiety responses.96, 102
Other important genes tested in this section include APOA2, APOA5, and MC4R in which
certain variants have been strongly linked to an increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and
appetite regulation.97-101, 103-106 Another variant in the ANKK1-DRD2 gene has been linked
to addictive behavior and the tendency to overeat.107, 108 All of the genetic results from this
section have been compiled into an “Obesity Index” using a proprietary algorithm
developed by Dynamic DNA Laboratories. The five possible results from this section are:

• Significantly Decreased Risk

• Slightly Decreased Risk
• Average Risk
• Slightly Increased Risk
• Significantly Increased Risk

Depending on your results from this section, you may find that if you have ever struggled
with weight then there may be a contributing genetic factor, especially if you do not eat a
healthy diet and regularly engage in a suitable form of exercise. Conversely, individuals
who have a lower risk of obesity are not immune from becoming obese and still need to
routinely engage in healthy lifestyle choices.
Exercise & Weight Loss | Page 11
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

METABOLIC HEALTH FACTORS

YOUR RESULTS The results that are presented in the next

section have all been linked to various
metabolic factors, such as cholesterol levels and
blood sugar, by clinical genetic studies. It is
HDL Cholesterol – important to remember that these results do not
Average always reflect your current physiological state.
For example, if you have genetic markers that
LDL Cholesterol – are associated with low levels of HDL
Average cholesterol, this does not mean that your HDL
levels are low or ever guarantee that they will
Triglyceride Levels –
be low. The following results are only an
Average indication of your predisposition to these
Blood Sugar Levels – factors. While genetics do play an important
role in physiological factors, they are not the
Possibly Increased Levels only factor. Other lifestyle choices such as diet
Iron Levels – and exercise have a tremendous influence on
your metabolic factors and overall health.
Average
Oxidative Stress –
Average
Detoxification –
Normal
Metabolic Health Factors | Page 12
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

HDL CHOLESTEROL

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average TMEM57 rs10903129 AG
Based on your genotype, you are more FADS2 rs174570 CC
likely to have average levels of HDL
TTC39B rs471364 TC
cholesterol.
HNF4A rs1800961 CC
PC1F1 rs7679 TT
RAB11B rs2967605 CC
Often referred as “good cholesterol”, your HDL
cholesterol is one number that you want to be ABCG5 rs6756629 GG
high when you visit your doctor. Clinical studies OR4A46P rs7395662 GG
have shown that low HDL levels (i.e. less than 40
mg/dL) are associated with an increased risk of NUTF2 rs2271293 GG
cardiovascular disease. Typical healthy HDL DNAH11 rs12670798 TT
values range from 40-50 mg/dL in men and 50-
60 mg/dL in women. ACP2 rs2167079 CC
Intergenic rs9891572 TC
It is critical to remember that your cholesterol levels are a consequence of not only your
genetics, but also your dietary choices and the amount of exercise that you perform. The
genetic markers that are included in this report are known to be associated with not only
HDL cholesterol, but also LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels (see findings on the next
two pages). Based on your genotype at these five locations, you are classified as being more
likely to have Lower HDL Cholesterol, Average HDL cholesterol, or Higher HDL Cholesterol.
Again, if your results indicate that you have “Low HDL Cholesterol” this does not guarantee
that you have or will ever develop low levels of HDL, only that you are genetically
predisposed to have lower HDL levels. Regardless of these findings, there is no substitute
for a healthy diet and active lifestyle to regulate your cholesterol levels.32, 30, 31, 56, 46, 54, 62, 53

HDL
High Density Lipoprotein
LDL
Low Density Lipoprotein
GOOD CHOLESTEROL BAD CHOLESTEROL
High Density Lipoprotein carries excess Low Density Lipoprotein carries cholesterol to
cholesterol in your blood back to your liver where your cells. But when you have too much LDL, it
it’s broken down and removed from your body. can build up in your artery walls, causing them
This means a high level of good HDL cholesterol to narrow. This reduces blood flow, which can
can maintain your heart health. be bad for your heart health.
Metabolic Health Factors | Page 13
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LDL CHOLESTEROL

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average TMEM57 rs10903129 AG
Based on your genotype, you are more
ABCG5 rs6756629 GG
likely to have average levels of LDL
OR4A46P rs7395662 GG
cholesterol.
FADS2 rs174570 CC
NUTF2 rs2271293 GG
ABCG8 rs6544713 TC
Unlike HDL cholesterol, high levels of LDL
cholesterol are known to be associated with an Intergenic rs2650000 CC
increased risk for heart attack and stroke. DNAH11 rs12670798 TT
While HDL cholesterol is thought to improve
your cardiovascular system by transporting CR1L rs4844614 GG
excess fat away from the circulatory system AR rs5031002 GG
and into the liver for excretion49, LDL
cholesterol can lead to the deposition of plaque on arterial walls. Over time, these plaque
deposits can lead to narrow and stiff arteries that do not circulate blood well and increase
your risk for cardiovascular disease. LDL levels demonstrate a wide-range of values, with
optimum levels below 100 mg/dL. However, near-optimum levels can range from 100-129
mg/dL. Generally speaking, levels above 130 mg/dL are considered borderline-high and
levels above 160 mg/dL are high. If you do not know your levels of HDL or LDL cholesterol
they can be measured by your doctor via a simple blood test. As with the results from the
HDL cholesterol, your results here do not mean that you have abnormal levels of LDL
cholesterol - only that you may be genetically predisposed to developing them. 32, 30, 31, 56, 46,
54, 62, 53

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Metabolic Health Factors | Page 14
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average TMEM57 rs10903129 AG
Based on your genotype, you are more ABCG5 rs6756629 GG
likely to have average triglyceride levels.
NUTF2 rs2271293 GG
FADS2 rs174570 CC
PC1F1 rs7679 TT
OR4A46P rs7395662 GG
Triglycerides are a type of fat and are the
main components of vegetable oils and DNAH11 rs12670798 TT
animal fats. In medicine, triglyceride Intergenic rs2624265 TC
levels are the measurement of these
molecules in the blood stream (which
must be conducted by a physician).
Knowing your triglyceride levels is 5 TIPS TO LOWER TRIGLYCERIDES
important because high levels have been
closely associated with several negative
health outcomes, including coronary 1. Limit added sugars & sweets
artery disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes,
and kidney disease. Average triglyceride
2. Choose healthy fats
levels are less than 150 mg/dL. Levels
above 200 mg/dL are considered high,
while levels above 500 mg/dL are 3. Decrease alcohol
considered very high. In addition to
genetics, other factors that may raise 4. Reach a healthy weight
triglyceride levels are being overweight, a
lack of exercise, a diet high in 5. Limit fried foods and trans fats
carbohydrates, and smoking.
Triglyceride levels can often be
effectively controlled by losing weight,
diet modification, increased exercise, and
medication. Five different genetic
markers are analyzed in this screening to
indicate your predisposition to either
below average, average, or above average
triglyceride levels depending on your
genotype.30-32, 46, 53, 54, 56, 62

Metabolic Health Factors | Page 15

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Possibly Increased Levels G6PC2 rs560887 TC
People with your genotype at these MTNR1B rs10830963 GG
locations often have slightly elevated levels
GCK rs4607517 AG
of blood glucose.
DGKB rs2191349 TG
GCKR rs780094 CC

Your level of blood sugar refers to the amount of glucose that is circulating in your
bloodstream. Blood sugar levels are carefully regulated by the body, but fluctuate greatly
throughout the day in response to activity and food intake. Typical blood sugar
measurements for a healthy individual range from 70-100 mg/dL, depending largely on
when your last meal was. Blood sugar levels higher than this can result in a diagnosis of
prediabetes or diabetes depending on when the test was performed in relation to your last
meal. In addition to diabetes, high blood sugar is closely associated with several negative
health outcomes, including cardiovascular problems, kidney disease, vision loss, and nerve
damage. As with the other metabolic traits that have been discussed in this section, blood
sugar levels are subject to a wide variety of factors, including diet, exercise, and genetics.
This panel investigates five different genes that have been identified in clinical genetic
studies to correspond to blood sugar levels.91-95 Depending on the outcome of your test, you
may be predisposed to have blood sugar levels that are “Likely Lower,” “Possibly Lower,”
“Average,” “Possibly Increased,” or “Likely Higher.” It is important to note that these test
results are not a substitute for an actual blood glucose test, but are an indication of your
genetic predisposition.

Blood Glucose Chart

2-3 Hours
(Mg/DL) Fasting After Eating After Eating
Normal 80-100 170-200 120-140
Impaired Glucose 101-125 190-230 140-160
Diabetic 126+ 220-300 200+

Metabolic Health Factors | Page 16

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

OXIDATIVE STRESS

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average SOD2 rs4880 GG
Your SOD2 enzyme is fully functional and
effectively manages oxidative stress.

When food is metabolized by the body harmful substances known as "free radicals" are
produced during the process. These molecules, such as hydrogen peroxide, are known
to have damaging properties to cellular health. However, the body is prepared for this
and produces several different enzymes to counteract the damaging effects of free
radicals. Certain foods, rich in Vitamins C, A, and E, are also known to reduce levels of
free radicals. Collectively, these substances are known as antioxidants. A recent study
has identified a genetic variation that can influence the levels of one important
antioxidant, referred to as SOD2. If you have one of more copies of the "A" allele at SNP
rs4880 you may have lower levels of the SOD2 enzyme and are at a higher risk for
increased oxidative stress. If your genotype indicates that you have reduced SOD2
activity you should try and include more foods that are rich in antioxidants into your
diet, such as blueberries, dark chocolate, kidney beans, and artichokes. 4

-- - -
-
- - -
- -
-
- - - - -

- - - -
- Unpaired - - -
Electron - - -
Free Radical Antioxidant

Metabolic Health Factors | Page 17

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

DETOXIFICATION

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Normal GSTP1 rs1695 AA
Typical clearance of common toxins from
the body.

Detoxification is a broad term, but is generally referred to as the removal of harmful

substances from the body. There are several different mechanisms of detoxification in
the human body to deal with the wide range of environmental hazards that we may
encounter. One of the most important enzymes involved in detoxification is known as
GST or Glutathione S-Transferase. In the body, it is the job of GST to bind toxins using
glutathione, which forms a less harmful substance that can be easily evacuated from the
body. A series of studies have identified a SNP in the GSTP1 gene that can led to an
altered form of the GST detoxification enzyme. Individuals who have one or more copies
of the "G" allele at position rs1695 may not be able to clear some toxins from the body as
effectively as individuals who lack this allele. If you have any copies of the "G" allele you
should make a special effort to avoid some common toxins such as:

• Cigarette Smoke
• Insect Sprays
• Herbicides
• Charred Foods
• Heavy Metals
• Fungicides

Of course, all of us should make an effort to avoid these substances, but individuals with
this genetic marker may want to consider the use of an all natural insecticide, avoid
smoking, and consider organic foods.9, 15, 27, 69

Metabolic Health Factors | Page 18

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

IRON LEVELS

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average HFE rs1799945 CC
Based on your genotype at these three
HFE rs1800730 GG
locations, you are unlikely to experience an
HFE rs1800562 AA
excess of iron in your blood as a result of
genetic variations in your HFE gene.

Iron is one of the essential micronutrients required by our bodies. Among other important
biological roles, iron is required for oxygen transport in our blood—it helps to bind the
oxygen molecules to the red blood cells so the oxygen can be moved around our body from
our lungs to where it is needed. There are two types of dietary iron: heme and nonheme.
Heme iron is contained in meat; sources that are especially high include red meats,
shellfish, and liver. Nonheme iron is found in eggs, tofu, spinach, and legumes, and it is
what manufacturers use to fortify cereals, breads, and pastas. Our bodies absorb heme
iron much more readily than nonheme, meaning that if you’re a vegan or vegetarian, your
recommended daily allowance (RDA) of iron is 1.8 times higher than a person of your same
age and gender who regularly eats meat. Pregnant women need significantly more iron in
order to support the baby’s growth as well as maintain the blood-rich placenta.

Because iron is so important and we can only get it from our diet, our bodies are really
good at absorbing iron from our food, but we don’t have any way of getting rid of too much
iron—the only way our bodies have of controlling our iron levels is regulating how much
iron gets absorbed. Once our body thinks it has all the iron it needs, it will stop absorbing
it from our food. Some people have a genetic mutation that prevents the absorption
process from shutting off, resulting in an accumulation of excess iron.

This genetic mutation occurs in the HFE gene and having at least one mutated allele is
common in those of European ancestry. Approximately 10% of Caucasians have a single
mutation, meaning they are carriers, but only 0.4% are homozygous for the mutation and
are more likely (though not guaranteed) to develop excess iron levels.79-82 Having
mutations in other genes that code for iron processing proteins increases those chances.
(These mutations are much less common in other ethnic groups.) If your results in this
section suggest you may be likely to accumulate excess iron, speak with your doctor about
ways to keep an eye on your iron levels.

Metabolic Health Factors | Page 19

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

YOUR RESULTS:
NUTRITIONAL NEEDS
Calcium –
Slightly Decreased Levels

Copper –
Possibly Increased
Folate –
Balanced Intake
Magnesium –
Slightly Increased Levels

Omega-3 & Omega-6 –

Typical
Phosphorus –
Average Levels
Selenium –
Slightly Increased Levels

Vitamin A –
Many people are not aware that your genes play a critical
Increased role in how your body utilizes and metabolizes different
Vitamin B2- vitamins. There are 13 different vitamins and at least 16
Balanced Intake different minerals that are critical for human health. The
body needs these compounds for a wide variety of tasks,
Vitamin B6 – including enzymatic reactions, proper hormone function,
Likely Reduced cell signaling, reproduction, and growth. While it is easy to
take a multivitamin, there is a growing body of knowledge
Vitamin B12 – that many vitamins are not readily absorbed by the body in
Likely Reduced this fashion. Additionally, some individuals metabolize
vitamins differently and may require additional intake of
Vitamin C – some key nutrients. The intent of this section is to better
Increased inform you of what vitamins and nutrients you need to
focus on obtaining in your diet. Experts agree that the best
Vitamin D – source of virtually every vitamin and mineral is dietary.
Normal Given this, we provide food recommendations for each key
nutrient that is discussed in this section, in addition to the
Vitamin E – daily recommended allowances (RDAs) that are suggested
Average by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.

Zinc –
Average Levels
Nutritional Needs | Page 20
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

CALCIUM

YOUR
YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP
GENOTYPE
Slightly Decreased Levels CASR rs1801725 GG
Your results indicate that you may be CASR rs17251221 AA
genetically predisposed to having slightly DGKD rs1550532 CC
lower serum levels of calcium. GCKR rs780094 CC
GATA3 rs10491003 CC
CARS rs7481584 AG
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the
human body. It plays vital roles in the vascular
DGKH rs7336933 GG
system, muscle function, nerve transmission, and CYP24A1 rs1470669 AA
hormone secretion, but only 1% of the body’s total
calcium is involved in these functions. The
remaining 99% of the calcium in the body is stored Recommended Daily Allowance for Calcium
in bones and teeth, where it supports their
Age Male Female
structure and function as well as serving as a
storage location the body can pull from when it 1-3 years 700 mg 700 mg
needs it. In fact, bones are constantly remodeling 4-8 years 1,000 mg 1,000 mg
themselves by depositing and reabsorbing calcium.
9-13 years 1,300 mg 1,300 mg
When we’re young, more new bone is made than
old bone is removed, so our bone mass increases 14-18 years 1,300 mg 1,300 mg
until around age 30, after which point we usually 19-50 years 1,000 mg 1,000 mg
begin to lose bone mass. The older we get, the more
51-70 years 1,000 mg 1,200 mg
our bone density decreases, and we become more
prone to fractures and breaks, especially during 71+ years 1,200 mg 1,200 mg
physical activities.
Calcium deficiency has no short-term effects as such a small amount is needed for vital biological
processes and the body has such a large store in its bones. However, long-term calcium deficiency can
result in bone loss later in life. Osteoporosis, a condition characterized by fragile bones and increased
fractures and breaks, is a serious public health concern as it affects over 10 million adults in the U.S.,
80% of whom are women. 34 million U.S. adults have osteopenia, which is the low bone mass that
precedes osteoporosis.115-117 Osteoporosis especially affects postmenopausal women as well as women
who are no longer having a regular menstrual period due to an eating disorder or extreme athletic
training. This is due to the changes in circulating estrogen levels, which impacts calcium absorption.

The healthiest way to increase calcium is to optimize your intake through your diet. Dietary sources of
calcium include dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt; fortified cereals and juices; and
vegetables like cabbage, kale, and broccoli. It’s also important to be sure you’re getting enough
vitamin D along with your calcium, as vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium. Calcium
supplements are common, but you should always speak with your physician before starting any
supplements because an excess of calcium can cause renal insufficiency, vascular and soft tissue
calcification, and kidney stones. Nutritional Needs | Page 21
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

COPPER

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Possibly Increased SELENBP1 rs2769264 TG
Your body may be predisposed to having
higher levels of copper. Try to maintain
these levels by eating foods high in copper
such as dark chocolate, cashews, lentils, and
mushrooms.
Copper is an essential micronutrient, meaning Recommended Daily Allowance for Copper
our bodies require it but only in very small Age Male Female
amounts. The human body contains only about 1-3 years 340 mcg 340 mcg
100 milligrams of copper. Copper plays a 4-8 years 440 mcg 440 mcg
critical role in iron absorption and red blood 9-13 years 700 mcg 700 mcg
cell formation and it is also an important 14-18 years 890 mcg 890 mcg
component in chemical reactions involved in 19+ years 900 mcg 900 mcg
metabolism, antioxidant defense, and immune
function.114 It’s necessary for the growth of bones, connective tissue, and many organs so
it’s especially important for pregnant women to get adequate amounts in their diet to
ensure the fetus has enough copper for development, both in utero and after birth.
Breastmilk is very low in copper, so infants utilize copper that they have stored as a fetus
for their growth during the first 4-6 months of their life. To facilitate this, fetuses have
highly efficient copper storage mechanisms; newborns actually have four times the
amount of copper stores compared to adults. Copper deficiencies in pregnant mothers can
result in low birth weight, muscle weakness, and neurological problems in infants, but this
can be avoided by simply following a balanced diet. However, if iron or zinc supplements
are required, it is important to be sure the mother is getting an adequate amount of copper
as well, since iron and zinc affect the bioavailability of copper. Most prenatal vitamins
include a nutritionally significant amount of copper for this reason.

The recommended daily allowance of copper for adults is 0.9 mg/day, pregnant women is
1.0 mg/day, and breastfeeding women is 1.3 mg/day. Good sources of dietary copper
include whole grains, nuts, legumes, mushrooms, shellfish, and dark chocolate. If you’re
concerned you aren’t getting enough copper, you should speak with your physician about
your nutritional needs before taking a supplement because long-term excess dietary
copper can result in copper toxicity, which can have negative effects on liver and kidney
function.

Nutritional Needs | Page 22

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

FOLATE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Balanced Intake MTHFR rs1801131 TG
People with your genotype typically have
MTHFR rs1801133 GG
average plasma levels of folate.

Folate is derived from the Latin word Recommended Daily Allowance for Folate
“folium,” which means leaf. Green leafy Age Male Female
vegetables, such as spinach or kale, as well 1-3 years 150 mcg DFE 150 mcg DFE
as beans, fruits, fortified grains, and lentils 4-8 years 200 mcg DFE 200 mcg DFE
are great resources for folate intake. Diets 9-13 years 300 mcg DFE 300 mcg DFE
that are rich in folate can even decrease the 14+ years 400 mcg DFE 400 mcg DFE
risk of cardiovascular disease. Daily intake The current RDAs for folate are given as micrograms
of folate is highly recommended for (mcg) of dietary folate equivalents (DFEs). The FNB
developed DFEs to reflect the higher bioavailability of
pregnant women or those who intend to folic acid than that of food folate. At least 85% of folic
become pregnant. Adding folate is highly acid is estimated to be bioavailable when taken with
important in the early stages of pregnancy food, whereas only about 50% of folate naturally
since it is known to prevent some birth present in food is bioavailable. Based on these values,
the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) defined DFE as
defects. It is for this reason that women follows:
who are pregnant or plan to become
pregnant should increase their daily intake 1 mcg DFE = 1 mcg food folate
of folate. 1 mcg DFE = 0.6 mcg folic acid from fortified foods or
dietary supplements consumed with foods
Given its importance, it is beneficial to know 1 mcg DFE = 0.5 mcg folic acid from dietary
supplements taken on an empty stomach
how your body metabolizes the folate that you
ingest. Two well-studied variants in the MTHFR gene have been linked to altered folate
metabolism, resulting in lower folate levels and elevated plasma levels of homocysteine
which has been implicated in a wide range of negative health outcomes. If your result for
this section is to "Optimize Levels" then you should strongly consider optimizing your
daily intake of folate. However, it is recommended to focus on foods that are rich in folate,
as opposed to the synthetic form, folic acid. It is important to note that not all individuals
with this genotype have a vitamin imbalance, but many do and you should consider
discussing these results with your primary care physician.24, 71

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Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

MAGNESIUM

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Slightly Increased Levels MUC1 rs4072037 TT
Your results indicate that you may be SHROOM3 rs13146355 AG
genetically predisposed to having slightly
DCDC5 rs3925584 TT
higherserum levels of magnesiuim.
ATP2B1 rs7965584 AA

Magnesium is an essential micronutrient Recommended Daily Allowance for Magnesium

that is involved in a wide range of Age Male Female
biological processes, including protein and 1-3 years 80 mg 80 mg
DNA synthesis, muscle and nerve function, 4-8 years 130 mg 130 mg
blood glucose control, and blood pressure 9-13 years 240 mg 240 mg
14-18 years 410 mg 360 mg
regulation. Magnesium is present in every
19-30 years 400 mg 310 mg
cell of the body and is a necessary 31+ years 420 mg 320 mg
component of the main energy source of
cells, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Magnesium deficiency in healthy individuals is rare because the kidneys do a good job of
controlling the excretion.119 However, those with gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes, or
alcohol dependence may have difficulty absorbing adequate amounts of magnesium.
Symptoms of chronic magnesium deficiency include numbness, tingling, muscle cramps,
seizures, and heart problems. Excess magnesium is also rare for the same reason, the
kidneys control excretion of excess amounts. However, high doses from supplement use
have been found to cause nausea, cramping, and diarrhea. Patients with impaired renal
function or kidney failure are at risk of magnesium toxicity. Magnesium supplements can
also interact with certain medications, such as antibiotics, diuretics, and proton pump
inhibitors, so supplement use should always be discussed with your physician.

The recommended daily allowance of magnesium for healthy adults is 400-420 mg/day for
men and 310-320 mg/day for women, with higher levels for pregnant women to help
support the developing fetus. Foods high in magnesium include nuts, green leafy
vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.

Nutritional Needs | Page 24

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

OMEGA-3 & OMEGA-6

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Typical FADS1 rs174547 TT
People with your genotype typically have
average plasma levels of Omega-3 and
Omega-6 fatty acids.

Both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are classified as polyunsaturated fats. In
moderation, polyunsaturated fats are considered necessary and healthy. Many studies
have even linked the ingestion of foods rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids to a
reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.18 Excellent sources of omega-3 fats are fish,
flaxseed, canola oil, walnuts, hemp seed, and dark green leafy vegetables. Foods rich in
omega-6 fatty acids include corn, safflower, soybean, and sunflower oils. A marker in the
FADS1 gene has been linked to inefficient processing of omega-3 and omega-6 fats.
Individuals who have a genotype of "G/A" or "G/G" have a potentially increased risk for
decreased plasma levels of these beneficial fats. It is important to note that results such as
these do not directly indicate a deficiency, but only suggest that you are predisposed to
developing one. If this is your genotype you should try to optimize your intake of these
polyunsaturated fats, within the limits of your diet plan.64

Nutritional Needs | Page 25

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

PHOSPHORUS

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average Levels ALPL rs1697421 TC
No genetic variants were identified that
CSTA rs17265703 AA
predispose you to having altered serum
PDE7B rs947583 TT
levels of phosphorous.

Phosphorus is required for the structure and Recommended Daily Allowance for Phosphorus
function of every cell in the human body. Age Male Female
Phosphorus helps form the membrane around 1-3 years 460 mg 460 mg
each cell, is an important part of the DNA 4-8 years 500 mg 500 mg
molecule, and even helps your body process 9-13 years 1,250 mg 1,250 mg
energy. On a larger level, phosphorus is also 14-18 years 1,250 mg 1,250 mg
required for the structure of teeth and bones 19+ years 700 mg 700 mg
and it helps kidneys filter waste. Phosphorus
is necessary for muscle contraction, so it’s not only important for movement, but also
digestion via the contraction of the smooth muscles in the digestive tract as well as
keeping the heart beating through contractions of the cardiac muscles.

Phosphorus deficiency is very rare but some medications can lower the body’s levels of
phosphorous.118 These medications include insulin, ACE inhibitors, corticosteroids,
antacids, and anticonvulsants. Most people get more than the necessary amount of
phosphorous in their diets—many foods are high in phosphorus and phosphorus is also
often added during food processing. Healthy kidneys do a great job at removing excess
phosphorus, but those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may develop excess levels of
phosphorus, which can result in bone loss as the body pulls calcium from the bones to
bind the excess phosphates in the blood and then that calcium gets deposited in blood
vessels and other organs like the heart and lungs, causing dangerous calcification of these
organs. This is only a concern for those with CKD, and those patients should discuss their
nutritional needs with their physician and consider a low-phosphorus diet. Medications
are also available that can bind the excess phosphorus and prevent it from being
absorbed.

The recommended daily allowance of phosphorus for healthy adults is 700 mg/day.
Sources of phosphorus include dairy products, meats, nuts, and beans. Additionally,
processed foods like fast food and soda often contain high levels of added phosphorus.

Nutritional Needs | Page 26

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

SELENIUM

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Slightly Increased Levels DMGDH rs921943 TC
Many people with you genotype at this
location have increased serum levels of
selenium.

Selenium is an essential micronutrient that is Recommended Daily Allowance for Selenium

required for biochemical reactions involved in Age Male Female
antioxidant responses as well as hormone 1-3 years 20 mcg 20 mcg
activation. Selenium deficiencies are rare in 4-8 years 30 mcg 30 mcg
the developed world and are mostly seen in 9-13 years 40 mcg 40 mcg
countries that have poor soil quality and 14+ years 55 mcg 55 mcg
populations that have a primarily vegetarian
diet. Deficiencies in selenium and other trace elements are often seen in patients with HIV
and can also be a side effect of kidney dialysis. These deficiencies rarely cause problems
on their own, but can often predispose one to other illnesses and diseases, especially in
immunocompromised populations like HIV patients.114

Chronic excess selenium intake can result in hair and nail loss, skin lesions and rashes,
fatigue, irritability, and nervous system abnormalities. For these reasons, consult your
physician before taking any supplements.

The recommended daily allowance of selenium for adults is 0.55 mg/day. The best sources
of dietary selenium are seafood, meat, and fortified cereals and dairy products. The
selenium content in plants and grains can vary widely across geographic regions due to
differences in soil concentrations of selenium.

Nutritional Needs | Page 27

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN A

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Increased BCM01 rs6564851 GG
You are likely to have higher plasma levels
of beta-carotene.

Vitamin A is a critical micronutrient that is Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin A

known to be of great importance in many Age Male Female
bodily functions, including gene expression, 1-3 years 300 mcg RAE 300 mcg DFE
proper immune function, reproduction, and 4-8 years 400 mcg DFE 400 mcg DFE
vision. Vitamin A is actually a catch-all term 9-13 years 600 mcg DFE 600 mcg DFE
that encompasses multiple chemical 14+ years 900 mcg DFE 700 mcg DFE
compounds such as retinol, retinoic acid, and RDAs for vitamin A are given as mcg of retinol
retinal. The majority of these compounds in activity equivalents (RAE) to account for the
different bioactivities of retinol and provitamin
your body are created through the conversion
A carotenoids. Because the body converts all
of dietary beta-carotene. Good dietary sources
dietary sources of vitamin A into retinol, 1 mcg
of beta-carotene include colorful fruits and of physiologically available retinol is equivalent
vegetables such as carrots, pumpkins, and to the following amounts from dietary sources: 1
green leafy plants. As a general rule of thumb, mcg of retinol, 12 mcg of beta-carotene, and 24
the stronger the color of the fruit or vegetable – mcg of alpha-carotene or beta-cryptoxanthin.
the more beta-carotene the food contains. In From dietary supplements, the body converts 2
some individuals, the conversion of beta- mcg of beta-carotene to 1 mcg of retinol.
carotene into vitamin A analogs is reduced by a
genetic mutation in the BCMO1 gene at position
rs6564851. While the studies relating to this
finding are relatively small, there is evidence
that individuals with a genotype of "A/A" may
have a hard time converting beta-carotene. If
this is your genotype, you are advised to try
and eat a diet that is especially rich in brightly
colored fruits and vegetables. Other sources
include fortified milks, cereals, and a daily
multi-vitamin. People without this should also
strive to eat a diet that is rich in beta-carotene
as the foods associated with this compound are
a part of any healthy diet.34, 36
Nutritional Needs | Page 28
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN B2

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Balanced Intake MTHFR rs101133 GG
People with your genotype are less likely to
have altered folate metabolism associated
with vitamin B2 deficiencies.

Vitamin B2 is also known as riboflavin. All of Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin B2
the B vitamins play an important role of Age Male Female
converting food into fuel to give our bodies the 1-3 years 0.5 mg 0.5 mg
energy it needs. Riboflavin also works as an 4-8 years 0.6 mg 0.6 mg
antioxidant, fighting free radicals that can 9-13 years 0.9 mg 0.9 mg
damage your cells and DNA. Fatigue, digestive 14-18 years 1.3 mg 1.0 mg
problems, and sensitivity to light are a few 19+ years 1.3 mg 1.1 mg
examples of a riboflavin deficiency. Vitamin
B2 also functions as an important cofactor (helper molecule) for an enzyme that is
responsible for metabolizing folate encoded by the MTHFR gene. Individuals who have a
genotype of "A/A" at position rs1801133 are at a higher risk of altered folate metabolism if
they are deficient in vitamin B2. If this is your genotype you need to ensure that you are
receiving the recommended daily allowance of riboflavin based on your age and sex.
Individuals without this genotype should still strive to ingest the recommended daily
amounts of Vitamin B2, as altered folate metabolism is by no means the only negative
health outcome associated
ssociated with riboflavin deficiency.65,70

GOOD
SOURCES
OF
B2

Nutritional Needs | Page 29

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN B6

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Likely Reduced NBPF3 rs4654748 TC
People with your genotype typically have
slightly lower plasma levels of Vitamin B6.
Try to optimize your intake of Vitamin B6
by eating foods such as nuts, bananas,
avocados, and lean meats.
Also known as pyridoxine, vitamin B6 ensures Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin B6
that your neurological system is functioning Age Male Female
and develops red blood cell health. It is rare to 1-3 years 0.5 mg 0.5 mg
have a vitamin B6 deficiency here in the United 4-8 years 0.6 mg 0.6 mg
States since most individual’s diets contain high 9-13 years 1.0 mg 1.0 mg
amounts of vitamin B6. Beans, eggs, fish, and 14-18 years 1.3 mg 1.2 mg
whole grains are excellent natural sources of 19-50 years 1.3 mg 1.3 mg
vitamin B6, in addition to fortified cereals. 50+ years 1.7 mg 1.5 mg
However, those who are deficient in vitamin B6
may be so due to a genetic variant in the NBPF3 gene at position rs4654748. People with
one or more "G" alleles at this location have been associated with lower than average
plasma levels of vitamin B6. If this is your genotype you should consider trying to
optimize your intake of vitamin B6. In light of this, it is important to remember that your
genotype is only associated with people who have decreased levels of vitamin B6 and does
not guarantee that you will also have low levels. We encourage you to discuss these
results with your physician if you are concerned about any of your vitamin levels.43

Nutritional Needs | Page 30

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN B12

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Likely Reduced NBPF3 rs4654748 GG
Based on your genotype, you are more
likely to have lower plasma levels of
Vitamin B12.

If you are showing signs of fatigue, weakness, Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin B12
bloat, or numbness or tingling in your hands or Age Male Female
feet, these are symptoms of vitamin B12 1-3 years 0.9 mcg 0.9 mcg
deficiency. Vitamin B12 plays a large role in the 4-8 years 1.2 mcg 1.2 mcg
operation of the nervous system, DNA synthesis, 9-13 years 1.8 mcg 1.8 mcg
and red blood cell function. The best sources of 14+ years 2.4 mcg 2.4 mcg
vitamin B12 are meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and
milk products. Given this, vegans and vegetarians need to monitor their vitamin B12
carefully. The elderly and those with digestive disorders may also have trouble getting
enough vitamin B12, as it is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, a
polymorphism in the FUT2 gene has been linked to decreased plasma levels of vitamin
B12. Individuals who have two copies of the "G" allele at position rs602662 are at a higher
risk for being deficient in vitamin B12, while individuals with only one ''G" allele are more
likely to have average plasma levels. If your genotype indicates that you are at an
increased risk for vitamin B12 deficiency then you should try and maximize your intake
by eating a diet rich in the aforementioned food as well as fortified cereals. Those without
the "G" allele should continue to eat a balanced and healthy diet to maintain a proper
balance of Vitamin B12. 43, 25

B12

Healthy Healthy
Blood Nerves

Nutritional Needs | Page 31

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN C

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Increased SLC23A1 rs33972313 CC
Many people with this genotype have
SLC23A2 rs11950646 AG
increased levels of Vitamin C. Try to help
maintain this by eating foods such oranges, SLC23A2 rs6053005 TT
red peppers, brussels sprouts, spinach, and
strawberries.

Vitamin C, also known as l-ascorbic acid, has Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin C
many important jobs in the body. It is a critical Age Male Female
dietary component to the synthesis of collagen 1-3 years 15 mg 15 mg
which keeps skin firm and youthful looking as 4-8 years 25 mg 25 mg
well as playing a critical role in wound healing. 9-13 years 45 mg 45 mg
Vitamin C is also important for the production 14-18 years 75 mg 65 mg
of certain neurotransmitters, contributes to 19+ years 90 mg 75 mg
protein synthesis, and is an important
antioxidant. It even helps regenerate other antioxidants like vitamin E. It also aids the
body’s absorption of nonheme iron, the dietary iron found in non-meat foods like spinach
and legumes.

Vitamin C is one of many vitamins that the human body is not able to produce; therefore,
it is vital to ensure that you are receiving enough through dietary sources. The best
sources of Vitamin C are from fresh fruits and vegetables. Some of the highest sources of
Vitamin C include guavas, bell peppers, kiwi, strawberries, broccoli, and oranges. Given
that Vitamin C is also a powerful antioxidant, deficiencies in Vitamin C have been linked
to multiple disorders including muscle pain, fatigue, swollen gums, and slow wound
healing. Most adults need to ingest between 75-90 milligrams of Vitamin C per day to
maintain optimum levels. However, multiple studies have indicated a mutation in the
SLC23A1 gene is linked to decreased levels of Vitamin C in the blood.89 If your results for
this section indicate that you are predisposed to having lower than average levels of
Vitamin C, you should make an extra effort to consume more fresh fruits and vegetables
on a daily basis.

Nutritional Needs | Page 32

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN D

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Normal GC rs2282679 TT
People with your genotype typically have
average plasma levels of Vitamin D.

Vitamin D has many roles in the body. It Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin D
promotes calcium absorption in the gut, is Age Male Female
needed for bone growth, and even reduces 1-70 years 15 mcg 15 mcg
inflammation. If the body does not get the 70+ years 20 mcg 20 mcg
sufficient amount of vitamin D, bones can
become brittle and thin. It even helps to prevent osteoporosis in older adults. Great
sources of vitamin D include fatty fish, fish liver oils, and milk. Regular exposure to
moderate amounts of sunlight is also critical to maintaining a healthy level, as sunlight
helps the skin synthesize vitamin D. In the United States, vitamin D deficiency is relatively
common largely due to limited sun exposure.

However, there is also a common marker in the GC gene that can predispose an individual
to decreased plasma levels of vitamin D. Individuals with a "C/C" or "C/A" genotype
produce an alternate form of a protein that binds and prevents vitamin D from circulating
throughout the body. It is recommended that people with this genotype need to try and
enhance their intake of foods rich in vitamin D and get regular, healthy exposure to
natural sunlight. For most people, simply 10 minutes of midday sunshine without
sunscreen is enough to produce a sufficient amount of vitamin D. Individuals with a
genotype of "A/A" should still focus on maintaining vitamin D levels, as it is one of the
easiest vitamins to become deficient in. 38,52

Nutritional Needs | Page 33

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

VITAMIN E

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average intergenic rs12272004 CC
Average levels of Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a collective term for a number Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin E
of compounds referred to as tocopherols or Age Male Female
tocotrienols, but alpha-tocopherol 1-3 years 6 mg 6 mg
(ɑ-tocopherol) is the most biologically active 4-8 years 7 mg 7 mg
form. Vitamin E is one of the most important 9-13 years 11 mg 11 mg
natural antioxidants. It is lipid soluble, so it 14+ years 15 mg 15 mg
embeds itself within cell membranes to protect
those cells from free radicals. Excess vitamin E is stored within fat cells. Because of
this solubility, the best dietary sources of vitamin E contain a high percentage of fat,
such as cooking oils (sunflower oil, canola oil, olive oil, etc.); nuts like almonds,
peanuts, and pistachios; and spreads like peanut butter, margarine, and mayonnaise.

Not everyone absorbs the same amount of vitamin E as others though, and that may be
due to genetic differences. The SNP rs12272004 has been associated with ɑ-tocopherol
levels.86, 87, 88 If your genotype at this location suggests you may be prone to lower
levels of vitamin E, try to optimize your levels by incorporating more foods into your
diet that are rich in vitamin E.

+D]HOQXW $OPRQG6XQIORZHU3HDQXW
6HHGV

Nutritional Needs | Page 34

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

ZINC

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average Levels CA1 rs1532423 AG
No genetic variants were identified that
PPCDC rs2120019 TT
predispose you to having altered serum
levels of zinc. NBDY rs4826508 TC

Zinc is the second most abundant trace metal after iron Recommended Daily Allowance for Zinc
and is critical for growth and development in Age Male Female
pregnancy and childhood. Zinc is involved in a wide
range of biological processes including immune
1-3 years 3 mg 3 mg
function, protein synthesis, wound healing, DNA 4-8 years 5 mg 5 mg
synthesis, and cell division, and it is required for the 9-13 years 8 mg 8 mg
senses of taste and smell. Unlike other micronutrients, 14-18 years 11 mg 9 mg
the body has no way of storing zinc so it is important to 19+ years 11 mg 8 mg
get adequate amounts of zinc through one’s dietary
intake.
Zinc deficiency is uncommon in developed countries, but can be found among those with digestive or other
chronic disorders that inhibit absorption or increase loss of zinc, such as Crohn’s disease, chronic liver or
renal disease, and diabetes, among others.114 There is some concern that vegetarians may be at a higher risk
of zinc deficiency than meat eaters because the zinc contained in non-meat sources has a lower
bioavailability, meaning the body can’t use it as efficiently as the zinc found in meat. Additionally,
compounds found in legumes and whole grains (common staples of vegetarian diets) can bind to zinc and
prevent its absorption. Despite this, vegetarians in developed countries have not been found to have overt
zinc deficiency, though their levels do tend to be lower than meat eaters.

Zinc deficiency’s most apparent symptom is an impaired immune system, resulting in a higher rate of
infections among children and the elderly whose immune systems are already not as strong as most adults’.
Zinc levels may also contribute to the longevity of bouts of the common cold. Studies have found that taking
a zinc supplement when patients come down with a cold significantly shortened the duration of symptoms,
however most researchers agree that more data is needed to determine optimal dosages.

Zinc interacts with iron and copper, so it’s important to keep the levels of these three trace nutrients in
balance. High levels of supplemental iron can decrease zinc absorption. High levels of zinc intake can result
in copper deficiency and cause anemia. For healthy individuals, maintaining a balanced diet is enough to
keep these micronutrients at optimal levels. Zinc supplements can interact with certain medications, so it’s
important to discuss your supplement use with your physician. Zinc is known to interact with certain
classes of antibiotics, inhibiting the absorption of both. Zinc can also interact with certain diuretics and
result in increased zinc excretion, depleting zinc levels.

The current recommended daily allowance of zinc for adult women is 8 mg/day, for men and pregnant
women is 11 mg/day, and for breastfeeding women is 12 mg/day. The best sources of zinc include shellfish,
red meat, and poultry. Vegetarian sources include fortified cereals, baked beans, yogurt, legumes such as
chickpeas, and nuts like cashews and almonds. Nutritional Needs | Page 35
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

REACTIONS TO FOOD

YOUR RESULTS Many people experience different reactions to

foods due to their genetics. As with most
compounds that enter the body, food is
metabolized by the body and this action is not
Lactose Intolerance – performed the same by everyone. One of the
More Likely best known examples of a reaction to food is
lactose intolerance, which results from an
Alcohol Flush – inability to breakdown the lactose sugar in dairy
Less Likely products. In this section, some genetic variants
are examined that determine how you will react
Caffeine Metabolism –
to some of the most common food and drinks.
Normal Metabolizer
Gluten Sensitivity –
Low Risk
Peanut Allergy –
Significantly Increased Risk

Reactions to Food | Page 36

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

LACTOSE INTOLERANCE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
More Likely MCM6 rs4988235 AG
People with your genotype are more likely MCM6 rs182549 TC
to experience symptoms of lactose
MCM6 rs41380347 AA
intolerance.

Unbelievably, the ability to digest milk after childhood is considered a genetic adaptation. No other
species of animal on Earth retains the ability to digest milk in their adulthood, except for humans.
Not even all human adults can fully digest milk. The problem arises due to the lactose in milk not
being properly degraded by the enzyme lactase. So, if milk has never settled your stomach there
may be good reason why due to genetic differences in the MCM6 gene. Individuals with two copies
of the "G" allele at marker rs4988235 are far more likely to experience discomfort after eating dairy
products, while people with other genotypes are less likely to have side effects. Should you prove
to be lactose intolerant, it is important to make sure that you are receiving enough calcium from
other dietary sources.3

ALCOHOL FLUSH

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Less Likely ALDH2 rs671 GG
It is very unlikely that you will experience
alcohol flushing.

While most people are capable of having the occasional drink, some individuals are known to
have a strong negative response to alcohol. Often referred to as alcohol flush, this condition is a
result of alcohol not being properly metabolized by the body. Primary symptoms include
reddening of the face, nausea and tachycardia (rapid heartbeat). The alcohol flush reaction is
caused by a buildup of acetaldehyde due to a defective enzyme encoded by the ALDH2 gene. So, if
you have negative reactions to alcohol, or suffer severe hangovers, your genes may be to blame.
Individuals who carry one or more copies of the "A" allele at position rs671 are far more likely to
experience negative side effects from drinking alcohol.11, 7 Reactions to Food | Page 37
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

CAFFEINE METABOLISM

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Normal Metabolizer CYP1A2 rs2069514 GG
You are likely to metabolize caffeine at an CYP1A2 rs762551 AC
average rate.

Caffeine is by far the most widely consumed stimulant throughout the world. However, most
people are unaware that your DNA ultimately decides how your body metabolizes it. This is
due to a genetic variant that was located in the CYP1A2 gene at position rs762551. Depending
on the sequence of your DNA at this location, you will break down caffeine at different rates.
Individuals with a genotype of "C/C" or "C/A" will metabolize caffeine much slower than
individuals with an "A/A" genotype. If you are a slow metabolizer of caffeine you should try to
limit your total daily caffeine intake to less than 200 mg per day – or roughly two cups of
coffee. If you are a fast metabolizer of caffeine and are a healthy adult, we still suggest that
you try
y y and limit y
your dailyy intake of caffeine to no more than 400 mggpper day,
y, or
approximately 4 cups of coffee. 50
95 mg

82 mg
80 mg

Caffeine per serving

45 mg
40 mg

27 mg

19 mg 20 mg

3 mg

Decaf Hot Green Shot of Bottle of Black Energy Instant Brewed

Coffee Chocolate Tea Espresso Cola Tea Drink Coffee Coffee
Reactions to Food | Page 38
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Low Risk HLA-DQ2.2 rs2395182 GG
You are at a decreased risk of developing a
HLA-DQ2.2 rs4713586 AA
sensitivity to gluten in your lifetime.
HLA-DQ8 rs7454108 TT
HLA-DQ2.2 rs7775228 TT
HLA-DQ2.5 rs2187668 CC
In the past decade there has been more and more attention devoted to gluten. Simply put,
gluten is nothing more than a combination of assorted proteins in common grains, such as
wheat, oat, and barley. However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that
products containing gluten may not be the best choice for everyone. Of the known gluten
sensitivities, Celiac disease is by far the best studied and most notable condition, but it is
not the only known gluten sensitive condition. There is undoubtedly a genetic link to Celiac
disease and gluten sensitivity, but the condition also seems to be based on environmental
factors. Of the proposed genetic markers, a variety of SNPs in the HLA-region have been
most closely associated with gluten sensitivity.110-113 This section tests the five best-studied
genetic variants relating to gluten intolerance. The possible results from this section are
“Low Risk,” “Average Risk,” “Slightly Increased Risk,” and “Increased Risk.” It is important
to note that many people with an “Increased Risk” are able to tolerate gluten well, but
many do experience discomfort. If you have experienced discomfort after consuming food
products containing gluten, we encourage you to discuss the possibility of a gluten
sensitivity with your primary care physician.

Reactions to Food | Page 39

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

PEANUT ALLERGY

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Significantly Increased Risk intergenic rs9275596 CC
You have a greater chance of developing a
HLA-DRA rs7192 TT
peanut allergy in your lifetime.

Many allergies develop in childhood, but it is not uncommon for an adult to develop a new
allergy to a food or medication. One of the most common developed food allergies is
peanuts. In a recent study published in the prestigious journal Nature, two SNPs near the
HLA genes were identified that increase your risk of developing a peanut allergy. Results
from this study indicate that depending on your genotype at these two locations you may
be upwards of six times more likely to develop a peanut allergy than an individual lacking
these variants.109 However, if your results from this section indicate an increased risk of
developing a peanut allergy it is not a guarantee that you will ever develop an additional
allergy. The results from this section only indicate your predisposition to developing
peanut allergy. If you have an increased risk you should watch for common food allergy
symptoms such as runny nose, itching or tingling around the mouth, shortness of breath,
digestive problems, and skin irritation after consuming peanut products.

The peanut is actually the edible seed of this

plant, Arachis hypogaea, which is classified
as a legume and is related to peas and beans.
The seeds ripen in pods underground, a
process known as geocarpy.

Reactions to Food | Page 40

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

Eating Behaviors

YOUR RESULTS Recent advances in nutritional science have

identified several different genes that influence a
wide variety of the psychological and physiological
responses that you have to food. Many people are
Eating Disinhibition – not aware that your genes can influence how you
More Likely think and perceive different foods. However, the
idea makes sense when you think about how your
Tendency to Overeat – friends and family behave around the dinner table!
More Likely Do you always seem to be hungry, while a good
friend can rarely finish their meal? Maybe you are
Satiety –
not a fan of dessert, but your spouse cannot seem to
Typical have enough? The results in the following section
Snacking – explores how your DNA can influence certain
behaviors, such as snacking, feeling full, and even
Typical how you taste food.
Umami Taste –
Average
Bitter Taste –
Bitter Taster
Eating Behaviors | Page 41
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

EATING DISINHIBITION

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
More Likely TAS2R38 rs1726866 AG
People with your genotype are more likely
to display eating disinhibition.

Eating disinhibition describes the tendency to excessively eat in response to a stimulus, such
as when you have a favorite meal, are under stress, or are out at a social gathering. A study
published in 2010 identified a single gene, TAS2R38, which is associated with this behavior.
The study revealed that individuals with an "A" allele at position rs1726866 were “More
Likely” to display eating disinhibition than an individual with only "G" alleles. 44

TENDENCY TO OVEREAT

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
More Likely ANKK1-
rs1800497 AG
Your genotype is associated with the DRD2

tendency to overeat.

It is safe to say that nearly everyone will over eat at some point in their lifetime. Most often, it
is the result of a favorite meal or special event. However, some people overeat on a regular
basis which can lead to increased caloric intake and multiple negative health outcomes. The
tendency to overeat in some individuals is thought to occur as a result of how the brain
processes reward signals using neurotransmitters, such as dopamine. Similar mechanisms
have been hypothesized to predispose an individual to engaging in addictive behaviors. One
of the genes most closely associated with this is ANKK1-DRD2, which ultimately influences
how the brain uses dopamine. Individuals with an "A/A" or "A/G" genotype at this location are
considered to be more likely to overeat on a regular basis. Individuals with a "G/G" genotype
are not typically associated with overeating behaviors. If you are prone to overeating, you
may want to limit you portion size and avoid foods that are high in sugar and/or fat. 12
Eating Behaviors | Page 42
Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

SATIETY

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Typical FTO rs9939609 AT
People with your genotype typically feel full
after a meal.

The term satiety is better described as the feeling of fullness that you experience after a meal.
However, not all individuals will feel equally full after eating an identical meal. This is partly due
to physical differences between individuals, but is also due to your genetic makeup. The best
studied genetic variant that contributes to satiety is rs9939609 in the FTO gene. Coined as “the fat
gene” in the media, the FTO gene plays a large role in several obesity-related disorders. Individuals
with two copies of the "A" allele at this location are considered more likely to experience hunger
after a meal, while individuals with one or two copies of the "T" allele are more likely to feel full. If
you have difficulty feeling full after a meal you may want to consider increasing the amount of
fiber in your diet and eating healthy snacks throughout the day. 23

SNACKING
YOUR
GENE SNP
GENOTYPE
rs2025804 AG
YOUR RESULT:
LEPR

Typical
Your genotype is not typically associated
with excess snacking.

While typically viewed as an unhealthy behavior, healthy snacking throughout the day can be an
effective way to reduce hunger cravings and the tendency to overeat. However, unhealthy
snacking can undoubtedly lead to an increased calorie intake and subsequent negative health
outcomes. It is generally thought that the tendency to snack is largely controlled by the hormone
leptin, which helps your body to regulate the amount of food that you eat. Genetically, the LEPR
gene ultimately controls how leptin is processed in your body. Individuals with two copies of the
"G" allele at position rs2025804 are more likely to exhibit extreme snacking behaviors. If you are
predisposed to snacking more, then you may want to consider selecting healthy snacks throughout
the day. Additionally, when you are snacking try to eat slower and measure out your portions
before eating the snack. 14

Eating Behaviors | Page 43

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

UMAMI TASTE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Average TAS1R3 rs307377 CC
People with your genotype typically taste an
average level of umami flavor.

Umami is a flavor that is often associated with Japanese cuisine, especially broths and
cooked meats. It is described as a savory flavor and the Japanese word translates to
“pleasant savory taste” or sometimes simply “delicious taste.” First described in the early
1900’s, it was discovered by a Japanese chemistry professor who observed that the taste of
dashi, a soup base made from seaweed and dried tuna flakes, was distinct from that of the
other four tastes known at the time (sweet, salty, sour, and bitter). The scientific
community debated the existence of this fifth taste until the mid-1980’s when more
research began to be done on umami. Further evidence was obtained in the early 2000’s
when distinct umami taste receptors were discovered.77,78

The main chemical molecule that creates the umami taste is glutamate. Glutamate, most
commonly found as its salt form monosodium glutamate (MSG), is present in many meats,
cheeses, mushrooms, certain vegetables, soy sauce, and green tea. MSG can also be added
to dishes in its pure form as a flavor enhancer. While many in the Western world believe
MSG to be dangerous and unhealthy, no scientific study has found any evidence of adverse
reactions and the FDA has given MSG the classification of GRAS, or “generally recognized
as safe.” In fact, MSG has a lower sodium content than table salt and so it can be a good
way to lower salt content while preserving flavor.

Not everyone is as sensitive to umami taste as others. Unsurprisingly, the ability to

differentiate umami from saltiness is far more common in Asian and other Eastern
populations. Globally, those sensitive to umami taste account for about 9% of the
population, but within Asia, over 16% of the population are umami sensitive. If you
narrow that down to just within Japan, the percentage rises to almost 27%! This is a great
example of how population genetics can influence cultural traditions like cuisine.

Eating Behaviors | Page 44

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

BITTER TASTE

YOUR RESULT: GENE SNP

YOUR
GENOTYPE
Bitter Taster TAS2R38 rs10246939 TC
Based on your TAS2R38 genotype you
TAS2R38 rs1726866 AG
should be able to fully perceive the tase of
bitter foods. TAS2R38 rs713598 GC

You may have noticed that some people love the taste of foods and drinks like black coffee
or raw cabbage, while others can’t stand the bitterness of these things. While a lot of food
preferences are subjective and based on personal experiences or cultural norms, the
perception of bitterness has a strong genetic component.

Several SNPs within the TAS2R38 gene determine whether you are a “taster” or “non-
taster” of bitterness. If you have G alleles at rs176866 and rs10246939 and a C allele at
rs713598, you are a “taster,” which means that you are far more sensitive to certain
chemical compounds present in foods like phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) or 6-n-
propylthiouracil (PROP) than people who don’t have those alleles and you will perceive
these foods as more bitter.74, 75, 76 These foods include rhubarb, sauerkraut, dark beers,
coffee, certain cheeses, and cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli,
Brussels sprouts, and kale.

This ability to perceive certain foods as far more bitter than others has had both benefits
and drawbacks throughout human history: “tasters” may be able to sense potential toxins
and determine which foods may be poisonous or spoiled, but they may also tend to avoid
foods that have important nutritional content due to their bitter taste.

Eating Behaviors | Page 45

Report: Nutrition DNA Test
Name: Sample Report
Date: July 23, 2021

METHODOLOGY
Laboratory specimens associated with this report were analyzed using a DNA microarray.
Genomic DNA was extracted from the submitted specimen and amplified using whole genome
amplification techniques. The polymorphisms assayed in this report were targeted through
the use of oligonucleotide primers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were determined by
fluorophore-based detection of a labeled probe hybridized to the complementary target
sequence.

LIMITATIONS
This test detects polymorphisms other than those listed in this report. Polymorphisms not
detected in this analysis include known mutations that result in an altered predisposition to
the conditions discussed in this report. The absence of a detectable gene variant or
polymorphism does not rule out the possibility that the test subject has an increased chance of
developing any conditions discussed here. In very rare circumstances, polymorphisms in the
primer or probe binding site may affect genotyping results. This test does not identify non-
genetic factors that may contribute to an individual’s predisposition to developing any of the
conditions discussed in these findings. This test has not been approved by the United States
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and should not be used as the sole evidence of diagnosis.
Genetic screening does not replace the need for regular clinical screenings for any of the
conditions or analytes mentioned in this report.

DISCLAIMER
The information contained within this report is intended for informational purposes only. Do
not alter any regularly scheduled health screenings due to the findings of this genetic analysis.

Disclaimer | Page 46