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AP Stats Unit 1 Progress Check FRQ

The document is a scoring guide for an AP Statistics Unit 1 Progress Check focusing on Free Response Questions (FRQ). It includes instructions for constructing a histogram, describing a distribution, and assessing normality based on a survey of visitor ages at a resort, as well as analyzing bird weights from two regions. Scoring criteria are provided for each part of the questions, detailing what constitutes essentially correct, partially correct, and incorrect responses.

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2K views7 pages

AP Stats Unit 1 Progress Check FRQ

The document is a scoring guide for an AP Statistics Unit 1 Progress Check focusing on Free Response Questions (FRQ). It includes instructions for constructing a histogram, describing a distribution, and assessing normality based on a survey of visitor ages at a resort, as well as analyzing bird weights from two regions. Scoring criteria are provided for each part of the questions, detailing what constitutes essentially correct, partially correct, and incorrect responses.

Uploaded by

jessica
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

1. Show all your work. Indicate clearly the methods you use, because you will be scored on the
correctness of your methods as well as on the accuracy and completeness of your results and
explanations.

Age (years) Frequency

The manager of a vacation resort believes that the ages of adult visitors to the resort can be
modeled by a normal distribution. The manager surveyed a random sample of visitors and
recorded their age. A summary of the responses is shown in the frequency table, where
represents the age of the visitor.

(a) Construct a histogram of the distribution of ages.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(b) Write a few sentences to describe the distribution of ages of the adult visitors to the resort.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(c) Does the histogram provide convincing evidence that the surveyed ages come from a
normal distribution? Explain your answer.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or
in print beyond your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 1 of 7
AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

Part A, B, and C

The primary goals of this question are to assess a student’s ability to (1) create a histogram to represent
quantitative data graphically; (2) describe a distribution of a quantitative variable; and (3) compare the
resulting graph to a normal distribution.

Scoring
Parts (a), (b), and (c) are each scored as essentially correct (E), partially correct (P), or incorrect (I).

0 1 2 3 4

All three parts essentially correct

Part (a) essentially correct

Part (a) partially correct

Part (a) incorrect

Part (b) essentially correct

Part (b) partially correct

Part (b) incorrect

Part (c) essentially correct

Part (c) partially correct

Part (c) incorrect

Solution
Part (a):

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or
in print beyond your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 2 of 7
AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

Scoring
Part (a) is scored as follows.

Essentially correct (E) if the histogram contains six bars with approximately correct values and contains
all four of the following components:

· The horizontal axis is labeled with correct numbers.

· The horizontal axis is labeled with a correct verbal description.

· The vertical axis is labeled with correct numbers.

· The vertical axis is labeled with a correct verbal description.

Partially correct (P) if the histogram contains six bars with approximately correct values and contains two
or three of the following four components:

Incorrect (I) if the response does not satisfy the criteria for E or P

Solution

Part (b): The distribution of ages of the adult visitors to the resort appears to be roughly symmetric. The
distribution has a median between 40 and 50 years. The ages of adult visitors vary from a minimum value

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or
in print beyond your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 3 of 7
AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

between 20 and 30 years to a maximum value between 70 and 80 years. The range in the ages of adult
visitors could be between 40 and 60 years. From the frequency table and histogram, outliers and gaps
cannot be identified.

Scoring

Part (b) is scored as follows.

Essentially correct (E) if the response the response includes reasonable comments on the following 4
components:

· Shape

· Center

· Variability

· Context

Partially correct (P) if the response includes 2 or 3 of the 4 components

Incorrect (I) if the response does not satisfy the criteria for E or P

Solution

Part (c): The histogram does not suggest that the data come from a normal distribution. A normal
distribution is symmetric and mound-shaped. In the histogram above, values farther from the mean are
more frequent than values near the mean, which is not likely if the data had come from a normal
distribution.

Scoring

Part (c) is scored as follows.

Essentially correct (E) if the response indicates that the histogram does not suggest that the data come
from a normal distribution and it provides strong justification for this conclusion

Partially correct (P) if the response indicates that the histogram does not suggest that the data come from

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or
in print beyond your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 4 of 7
AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

a normal distribution and it provides weak justification for this conclusion

Incorrect (I) if the response does not satisfy the criteria for E or P

2. Show all your work. Indicate clearly the methods you use, because you will be scored on the
correctness of your methods as well as on the accuracy and completeness of your results and
explanations.

A certain type of bird lives in two regions of a state. The distribution of weight for birds of this
type in the northern region is approximately normal with mean 10 ounces and standard
deviation 3 ounces. The distribution of weight for birds of this type in the southern region is
approximately normal with mean 16 ounces and standard deviation 2.5 ounces.

(a) Calculate the -scores for a weight of 13 ounces for a bird living in the northern region and
for a weight of 13 ounces for a bird living in the southern region.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(b) Is it more likely that a bird of this type with a weight greater than 13 ounces lives in the
northern region or the southern region? Justify your answer.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

Part A and B

The primary goals of this question are to assess a student’s ability to (1) compute z-scores and (2)
compare an observed value using two distributions and determine which distribution is the more likely
source of the observation.

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or
in print beyond your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 5 of 7
AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

Scoring
Parts (a) and (b) are each scored as essentially correct (E), partially correct (P), or incorrect (I).

0 1 2 3 4

Both parts essentially correct

Part (a) essentially correct

Part (a) partially correct

Part (a) incorrect

Part (b) essentially correct

Part (b) partially correct

Part (b) incorrect

Solution
Part (a):

Northern region:

Southern region:

Scoring
Part (a) is scored as follows.

Essentially correct (E) if the correct z-scores are listed with supporting calculations and appropriate
labeling

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or
in print beyond your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 6 of 7
AP Statistics Scoring Guide

Unit 1 Progress Check: FRQ

Partially correct (P) if the correct z-scores are listed but without supporting calculations or appropriate
labeling

Incorrect(I) if the response does not satisfy the criteria for E or P

Note:

Including the general formula for z-score is not necessary to earn an E.

Solution

Part (b): A bird with a weight of 13 ounces is 1 standard deviation above the mean if the bird is from the
northern region. Approximately 16% of the birds from the northern region have a weight greater than 13
ounces. A bird with a weight of 13 ounces is 1.2 standard deviations below the mean if the bird is from the
southern region. Approximately 88% of the birds from the southern region have a weight greater than 13
ounces. Therefore, it is more likely that a bird of this type with a weight greater than 13 ounces lives in the
southern region.

Scoring

Part (b) is scored as follows.

Essentially correct (E) if the response concludes that it is more likely that a bird of this type with a weight
greater than 13 ounces lives in the southern region AND directly compares the two z-scores calculated in
part (a) or the proportions based on the standard normal curve

Partially correct (P) if the response correctly calculates the proportions based on the standard normal
curve but fails to make a comparison

Incorrect(I) if the response does not satisfy the criteria for E or P

Copyright © 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond
your school’s participation in the program is prohibited. Page 7 of 7

Common questions

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Histogram characteristics such as the spread, height, and consistency of bars directly influence the interpretation by revealing the distribution's skewness, concentration, and balance around the mean. Deviations in these features can suggest non-normal distributions, identify potential outliers, and impact conclusions drawn about data behavior and tendencies .

The shape of a distribution refers to its symmetry or skewness, whether it's mound-shaped like a normal distribution, or has other features like uniformity or bimodality. The center typically describes a measure such as the median or mean, and variability is often illustrated through range or standard deviation. These components provide a comprehensive summary to understand how the data points are spread around the central value, helping to identify patterns or anomalies in the data .

A histogram does not provide convincing evidence of a normal distribution if it shows that values farther from the mean are more frequent than those near the mean. A normal distribution is symmetric and mound-shaped, and deviation from these characteristics suggests the data doesn't follow a normal distribution .

Evidence challenging the assumption of normal distribution includes histograms where the frequency of values drastically increases as they move away from the mean, indicating a lack of symmetry and the typical mound shape expected in a normal distribution .

Z-scores quantify the distance of a data point from the mean in terms of standard deviations. By calculating the z-score for identical data points in different distributions, one can determine which distribution is more likely to produce such an observation, such as when comparing a bird's weight in two regions, revealing the higher likelihood based on proximity to the mean .

Z-scores standardize observations, allowing comparison across different distributions. They indicate how many standard deviations an observation is from the mean. By comparing z-scores, it becomes possible to determine which distribution is more likely to produce an observation, as demonstrated when a weight of 13 ounces for a bird was analyzed across two regional weight distributions .

Z-scores can determine the likelihood by showing which distribution positions the data point closer to its mean relative to standard deviations. In cases where the z-score places the point further from the mean in one distribution compared to another, the probability assessment favors the closer distribution, as exemplified by birds' weight comparisons in different regions .

To construct a histogram, it must contain six bars with approximately correct values and the following components: the horizontal axis labeled with correct numbers and a correct verbal description, and the vertical axis labeled with correct numbers and a correct verbal description .

Correctly labeling the axes in a histogram is crucial because it ensures that the data representation is clear and understandable, allowing viewers to accurately interpret the scale and meaning of the data, which contributes to the overall correctness and efficacy of the graphical representation .

A response is considered 'essentially correct' if it clearly indicates that the histogram does not suggest a normal distribution and provides strong justification, such as evidence that doesn’t fit the symmetric, mound-shaped characteristics of a normal distribution .

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