Chapter 13:

Coordinate Geometry
Extended
13.1 Graphing Equations
13.2 Equations of Lines
16.1 The Point-Line Distance Formula
13.4 Graphing Inequalities
13.5 Three-Dimensional Graphing and Reflections
13.6 Graphing Circles
13.7 Coordinate-Geometry Practice
Notes
 Targets Chapter 13 – Coordinate Geometry Extended

# Target Examples/Notes
Write equations of lines
13A
using various forms
Use a formula to determine
13B the distance from a point to a
line in the coordinate plane

13C Graphing inequalities

13D Graph in three dimensions

Apply the properties of

13E reflections using coordinate
geometry
13F Graph circles
Apply the principles of
13G coordinate geometry to
geometric figures
Notes
 13-1
Starting Out in Chapter 13:
1. The points A(-2, -3), B(1, 3) and C(2, y) are collinear. Find y.

2. Find the equation of a line that contains the points (3, –2) and (9, 7). Write this
equation in both point-slope form, slope-intercept form and general linear form
with integral coefficients.

3. Find the equation of the line when the graph y  7 x  3 is reflected over the line
2
x=6
 13-2
4. Find the equation of a line passing through the point (0, 3) and parallel to the line
y  5 x 10 . Then, find the equation of the perpendicular line passing through
4
the point (12, 14).

5. Consider the circle whose equation is x2 + y2 = 100. Find the coordinates of the
point(s) where the graph of the given equation intersects the circle.
a) y = 8 b) y = 6

c) x = 10 d) y = x

6. Given: y = ½ x + 6 ⅔x + ⅓y = 1 y – 5 = -2(x – 3)

-x + 2y = 12 4x + 2y – 6 = 0

If two equations are selected at random, what is the probability that the lines would
be:
a) parallel? b) intersecting? C) identical?

7. If a line is vertical, its equation is ___________ and its slope is ___________.

If a line is horizontal, its equation is ___________ and its slope is ___________.

 13-3
p.617 #27

Find an equation of the reflection of the graph of y = ¾ x – 1 over

a. The x-axis

b. The y-axis

c. The line y = x
 13-4
p.617 #22-24

22. A line has a y-intercept of 2 and forms a 60° angle with the x-axis. Find
equations of the two possible lines.

23. Find an equation of the line whose intercepts are twice those of the graph of
2x + 5y = 10.

24. In ∆ABC, A = (0, 0), B = (4, 0), and C = (2, 6). Find the point where the medians
of ∆ABC intersect.
 13-5
13.2–13.4 Practice

5 22
1.) Rewrite y  x into general equation form with integral coefficients.
3 5

2.) Find the coordinates of the point where the line 14x – 4y = 42 crosses the x-axis.

3.) Given the points A (3, –5), B (8, 6), and C (–4, 2), answer the following questions:

a.) What is the slope of BC ?

b.) Write the equation of BC in y = mx + b form.

c.) What is the slope of the line that is the median to BC ?

d.) What is the equation of the line that is the median to BC ?

 13-6

4.) Find the distance between the parallel lines y = 3x + 2 and y = 3x + 10.

16.1 Point-Line Distance Formula

5.) Find the distance from the point (-2, 5) to the graph x – 3y = 7.

6.) #4 revisited: Find the distance between the lines y = 3x + 2 and y = 3x + 10.

7.) Find the distance between the graphs of 3x – 4y + 10 = 0 and 6x – 8y + 15 = 0.

 13-7
Graphing Inequalities

 y  3x  5
1.) Graph:  y  2


2.) Graph: x  y  2 3.) Graph: x  y  2

 13-8
Locus Problems

1. What is the locus of points that are 5 units away from the line y = 4?

2. What is the locus of points that is equidistant from the points (2, 3) and (1, 9)?

3. What is the locus of points that is equidistant from the points (3, -9) and (11, 13)?
 13-9
13.5 – Reflections and 3-D coordinates

1. A camper, who is out collecting firewood, has a campsite in a large clearing next
to a river. He is at point A, and his tent is at point B. He sees a large spark leap
from his campfire and set his tent on fire. The camper has an empty pail already
in his hand. At what point on the river should he fill his pail in order to make the
shortest possible path to put out the fire?

River

2. Using the idea of reflections, draw where the golfer should aim his putt to sink a
hole-in-one.
.
o

3. The ball starts at B(3, 2), the hole is at H(-8, 4), and
the barrier is y = 10. Find the length of the shortest
path of the ball and the coordinates of N (where the
ball bounces off of the barrier).
 13-10
4. Given triangle KLM with coordinates K(2, 3, 5), L(9, –2, 5) and M(5, 4, –3), find
the length of the median from K to LM .

5. Find the volume of the pyramid whose base is at vertices (4, -3, -4), (-2, 7, -4),
(4, 7, -4), and (-2, -3, -4), and whose peak vertex at (10, 12, 14)
 13-11
Practice 13.4

1.) Sketch a graph of the intersection of the three inequalities:

 1
 y 3 x2

 y  x  3


 y  6 x  6

2.) Graph the following inequality x  y 4

 13-12
3.) Given the points A (–2, 6) and B (4, 3). Answer the following questions:
a.) Reflect point A over the origin and label it C. What is the coordinate of this
point?

b.) Write the equation of BC in y = mx + b form.

c.) Write the equation of AC in general linear form with integral coefficients.

6a  2b  18
4.) Solve: 
b  9  3a

5.) Find the equation of the line joining the intersections of:
 x  y  19  y  6x  5
 and 
x  y  7 x  8 y  7
 13-13
Warm Ups to Quiz 13.4:

1.) A certain line has an x–intercept of 12 and forms a 60o angle with the y–axis.
Find the equation of BOTH lines in y = mx + b.

2.) Find the distance between the two parallel lines y = 2x + 5 and y = 2x – 4.
 13-14
Coordinate Geometry Partner Worksheet

1. Given: A(-8, 2) and B(4, -6). Find the coordinates of point P such that AP = 1 . P is
PB 3
between A and B.

2. Given: ABC with A(0, -17), B(4, -5) and C(12, -1). Write an equation of the altitude
from C to AB in general linear form.

3. Find the equation of the reflection of the line with equation 3y – 2x – 2 = 0 over the
y-axis. Write in y = mx + b form.

4. Find the area of the triangle whose sides lie on the lines y = -2x + 10, y = ½ x, and y = 3x.

3 9 3 1
5. Find the distance between the two lines y  4 x  2 and y  4 x  2 .

6. Graph: y2 – 10x + x2 + 6y < -18

 13-15
y
7.) Use the diagram below to answer the following questions:
a.) Find the equation of the circle below.

.
(–13, 12)

b.) Find the exact area and circumference of the circle . (–7, 4)

c.) Find the coordinate(s) where the equation y = –3x + 13 intersects the circle.

y
8.) Use the diagram below to answer the following questions:
a.) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle at P.
.
(8, 12)
P

b.) Find the equation of the circle.

O. (6, 4)

9. The coordinates of the vertices of a triangle are (-2, 1, 3), (-2, 1, -1), and (6, 1, -1). Find
the area of the triangle.

10. The coordinates of the center of a sphere are (1, -2, 3) and the coordinates of a point
on the sphere are (1, 3, 3). Find the volume.

11. The base of a pyramid is a rectangle whose vertices are (1, -2, -1), (1, 1, -1), (3, -2, -1),
and (3, 1, -1). The coordinates of the vertex of the pyramid are (-1, 0, 6). Find the
volume of the pyramid.
 13-16
Chapter 13 Study Guide

1.) Find the equation of a line that contains For problems #10 – 17, use the following diagram.
y
the points (3, 7) and (–1, –6). Write in
general linear form. . C (– 8, 13)

.
A (4, 3)

2.) Write the equation of the vertical line that

contains the point (13, –12). .B (–9, – 4)
x

3.) Given the points A(3, 2), B(6, 14), and

C(5, 20). If triangle ABC is reflected over the
y–axis, then find the new coordinates of this 10.) Find the slope of AB .
triangle.
11.) Find the midpoint of AB .

4.) Find the slope of the line that contains the

points (19, –11) and (32, 5). 12.) Find the distance of AB .

13.) Write the equation of AB in slope-

5.) Find the equation of the line that contains intercept form.
the points (4, –1) and (3, –5). Write in slope-
intercept form.

14.) Find the equation of the perpendicular

bisector of AB .

6.) What is the slope of the line

2x + 5y = -16?
15.) Find the equation of the line when AB is
reflected over the x–axis.
7.) Find the coordinates of (8, –3) when it is
reflected over the x–axis.

16.) Find the distance from point C to AB .

8.) What is the slope of the line that is
perpendicular to the line -3x – 7y = 22?
17.) In triangle ABC, find the equation of the
median from vertex B.
9.) What is the slope of the line that is parallel
to the line 16x – 2y = 21?
 13-17
For problems #18 – 21, use the diagram below. 23.) The base of a pyramid is formed by the
y
coordinates A(4, -2, 2), B(4, 8, 2), C(-1, -2, 2),
and D(-1, 8, 2). If the peak height is point
F(16, -3, 10), then find the volume of the
pyramid.

. x
P (–8, –1)

.
Q (3, – 7)
24.) Find the midpoint of the line segment
connected by the points A(4, -5, 13) and
B(-32, 11, 27).
18.) Find the equation of circle P.

25.) The vertices of the base of an isosceles

triangle are at (2, 1) and at (–8, 1). If the area
19.) What is the slope of PQ ? of the triangle is 55, then find the coordinates
of the third vertex.

20.) Write the equation of the tangent line

at Q.

26.) Find the area of the triangle whose

vertices are located at (4, 4), (-7, 5), and
(1, -9).
21.) Find the area and circumference of
circle P.

y
22.) A golf ball is hit from (4, 8) towards the
y -axis, bounces off the y–axis, and lands at 27.) Sketch:
(6, -13). Where on the y–axis did the ball
 x  y  5
bounce?

 x 2  y 2  4

x
 13-18
Additional Chapter 13 Review

1 1 9
1. Find the distance between the parallel lines y = x  5 and y = x + .
2 2 2

2. Find the area of the triangle whose sides lie on the graphs of 3x + y + 1 = 0,
x + 4y – 7 = 0, and -5x + 2y + 13 = 0.

3. A line has an x-intercept of 6 and forms a 30º angle with the x-axis. Find the
equations of the two possible lines. (Write each equation in slope-intercept form)

4. The quadrilateral region bounded by the graphs of y = mx + 3, x = 2, x = 5, and

y = 1 has the area of 2. Find the maximum value of m.

5. Find the area of the quadrilateral with vertices at (-3, 2), (15, 6), (7, 12) and (-7, 8)

6. What is the equation of locus of points that are equidistant from the points (8, 18)
and (12, 2)?
 13-19
7. Find the equation of the line that contains the points (–13, 25) and (21, 15).
Write your answer in general linear form.

7
8. Find the distance between the point (6, 14) and the line y = x  5.
2

9. What is the equation of the line 3x – 4y = -11 when it is reflected over the x-axis?

10. The vertices of a triangle are A(8, 2), B(-6, 4) and C(-2, -10). Write the equation
of the line that contains the median from vertex A.