POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
PROBLEM SET
Power Factor Correction
1. A factory has a 100 kW load operating at a power factor of 0.7 lagging. Calculate the
required capacitance in kVAR to correct the power factor to 0.9 lagging.\
2. A 50-hp (37.3 kW) motor operates at 0.75 power factor lagging. If a capacitor bank of 20
kVAR is installed, what is the new power factor?
3. An industrial load draws 120 kVA at 0.6 lagging power factor. How much kVAR of
capacitors should be added to improve the power factor to 0.95?
4. A 3-phase motor rated at 75 kW operates at 0.8 lagging power factor. If a capacitor bank
is installed to raise the power factor to unity, what is the required capacitance (in kVAR)?
5. A 150 kW industrial load operates at a power factor of 0.8 lagging. A
synchronous motor operating at 0.8 leading power factor is used
for power factor correction. What should be the kVA rating of the
synchronous motor to be used to raise the power factor of the system
from 0.8 lagging to 0.97 lagging?
Short Circuit and Open Circuit Test
1. Given the following test results for a transformer:
o Short Circuit Test: VSC=240V, ISC=30A= PSC=6000W PSC=6000W
o Open Circuit Test: VOC=240, IOC=6A POC=1000W
Determine the series (impedance) and shunt (magnetizing) parameters of the
transformer.
2. A transformer was tested under the following conditions:
o Short Circuit Test: VSC=240V, ISC=30AI, power factor = 0.85
o Open Circuit Test: VOC=240V, IOC=6A, reactive power QOC=1200VAR
Calculate the series and shunt parameters of the transformer.
3. Using the data from Problem 2, determine the transformer's percentage impedance
(%Z) and X/R ratio.
Series Impedance and Parallel Transformers
4. A transformer has a nameplate rating of 10 kVA, 7620/240V, 60Hz with a percentage
impedance of 5% and an X/R ratio of 1.5.
Determine the series impedance components (resistance and reactance) of the
transformer.
5. A 100 kVA load is supplied by two transformers operating in parallel with
impedances of 3% and 5%, respectively.
Calculate the kVA rating of each transformer required to share the load properly.
6. Two transformers rated at 37.5 kVA (5% impedance) and 25 kVA (7% impedance) are
connected in parallel.
Determine the maximum load they can supply together without overloading either
transformer.
7. An industrial facility has a maximum demand of 100 kVA (single-phase). One
available transformer at the facility is 75 kVA with 3% impedance.
If a second transformer with the same percentage impedance is available and
connected in parallel, what is the minimum kVA rating required for the second
transformer to handle the load safely?
Three-Winding Transformer Impedance Calculations
8. A three-winding transformer with a turns ratio of (H/X/Y = 7620/480/240V) is tested
to determine its internal impedance. The measured impedances are:
o ZHX=25 ohms
o ZHY=10 ohms
o ZXY=2 ohms
Calculate the internal impedance referred to the high-voltage (H) side.
9. A three-winding transformer with a turns ratio of (H/X/Y = 7620/480/240V) is tested,
and the following impedance values are obtained:
o ZXH=25 ohms
o ZYH=10 ohms
o ZXY=2 ohms
Determine the equivalent impedance referred to the high-voltage (H) side.
10. Using the same transformer data from Problem 9, determine the equivalent impedance
referred to the X-side (medium-voltage side, 480V)