Pocket Anesthesia - 4th Edition
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• POCKET
NOTEBOOK
Pocket Emergency
ANESTHESIA
Fourth Edition
Edited by
RICHARD D. URMAN, MD, MBA, FASA, FAACD
Associate Chair for Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Medical Director, Sedation for Interventional Medicine
Director (Anesthesia), Center for Perioperative Research
Fellowship Director, Perioperative Medicine
Associate Professor of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
JESSE M. EHRENFELD, MD, MPH, FASA, FAMIA
Senior Associate Dean and Director
Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin Endowment
Professor, Anesthesiology
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Acquisitions Editor: Keith Donnellan
Development Editor: Ashley Fischer
Editorial Coordinator: Blair Jackson
Marketing Manager: Phyllis Hitner
Production Project Manager: David Saltzberg
Design Coordinator: Holly McLaughlin
Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh
Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc.
4th edition
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Printed in China
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CONTRIBUTORS
Brian F. S. Allen, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Megan Graybill Anders, MD
Assistant Professor, Associate Chair for Safety and Quality
Department of Anesthesiology
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland
Joshua H. Atkins, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Director of Anesthesia for Head and Neck Surgery
Co-Director of Penn-China Anesthesia Program
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Jeanette R. Bauchat, MD, MS
Division Chief, Obstetric Anesthesiology
Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Melissa L. Bellomy, MD
Clinical Fellow in Critical Care and Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Frederic T. Billings, IV, MD, MSc
Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Jason Bouhenguel, MD
Fellow
Critical Care/Cardiothoracic Anesthesia
Stanford Health Care
United States, California
Eric R. Briggs, MD
Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Manuel Cavazos, MD
Anesthesiology Resident
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Francis X. Dillon, MD
Attending Anesthesiologist
Department of Anesthesiology
Indiana University Health Ball Memorial Hospital
Muncie, Indiana
Kurt F. Dittrich, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Nashville, Tennessee
David A. Edwards, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, MD, MPH, FASA, FAMIA
Senior Associate Dean and Director
Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin Endowment
Professor, Anesthesiology
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Julie K. Freed, MD, PhD
Department of Anesthesiology
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Robert E. Freundlich, MD, MS, MSCI
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Biomedical Informatics
Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine
Medical Director
Vanderbilt Anesthesiology & Perioperative Informatics
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Chad R. Greene, DO
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Robert Hsiung, MD
Staff Anesthesiologist
Department of Anesthesiology
Virginia Mason Medical Center
Seattle, Washington
Elisabeth M. Hughes, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Associate Professor
Pediatric Anesthesiology
Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt
Nashville, Tennessee
Christina Jelly, MD
Assistant Professor
Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology,
Multispecialty Adult Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Daniel W. Johnson, MD
Assistant Professor and Division Chief, Critical Care
Department of Anesthesiology
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska
Jimin Kim, MD
Fellow
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Adam B. King, MD
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Meredith A. Kingeter, MD
Assistant Professor
Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
J. Matthew Kynes, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Nashville, Tennessee
Ryan J. Lefevre, MD
Assistant Professor
Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Michael C. Lubrano, MD, MPH
Resident Physician
Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
University of California, San Francisco Medical Center
San Francisco, California
Cleveland, Ohio
Matthew D. McEvoy, MD
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
David A. Nakata, MD, MBA
Associate Professor of Clinical Anesthesia
Indiana University Medical Center
Indianapolis, Indiana
Alexander Nguyen, MD
Virginia Mason Medical Center
Seattle, Washington
Jonathan A. Niconchuk, MD
Anesthesiology Resident
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Nashville, Tennessee
Joseph R. Pawlowski, MD
Department of Anesthesiology
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska
Amanda J. Rhee, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Mount Sinai Hospital
New York, New York
Amy C. Robertson, MD
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs, Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Nashville, Tennessee
Thomas M. Romanelli, MD, FAAP
Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Ramsey Saba, MD
Anesthesiology Resident
Department of Anesthesiology
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
Michael W. Sanford, MD
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Indiana University School of Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana
Linda Shore-Lesserson, MD, FAHA, FASE
Director
Cardiovascular Anesthesiology
North Shore University Hospital
Manhasset, New York
Kara K. Siegrist, MD
Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Fellow
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Michael N. Singleton, MD
Department of Anesthesiology
Hospital for Special Surgery
New York, New York
Alyssa K. Streff, MD
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Muoi A. Trinh, MD
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Mount Sinai Medical Center
New York, New York
Richard D. Urman, MD, MBA, FASA, FAACD
Associate Chair for Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Medical Director, Sedation for Interventional Medicine
Director (Anesthesia), Center for Perioperative Research
Fellowship Director, Perioperative Medicine
Associate Professor of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
Jenna Walters, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
Jonathan P. Wanderer, MD, MPhil
Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee
PREFACE
Written by residents, fellows, and attending staff, this newest edition of
Pocket Anesthesia provides a practical, concise, up-to-date source of
information for management of the most common perioperative
conditions facing today’s anesthesia provider. Our goal in writing this
popular pocket guide was to give you a useful, evidence-based
reference which providers can refer to, in order to quickly find the most
relevant information they need.
For this fourth edition, we updated much of the information to reflect
current knowledge and significantly expanded regional anesthesia and
chronic pain management chapters. We also expanded coverage of
enhanced recovery after surgery, ultrasonography, and echocardio-
graphy. We are grateful for the support of all our contributors from
many different institutions across the country. With its basic and
advanced content, this book is intended for a wide audience, from
students and resident trainees to experienced practitioners.
We are especially indebted to a number of individuals whose
unending support and encouragement made this work possible. We
would like to thank the Wolters Kluwer staff, including Ashley Fischer,
Keith Donnellan, and Blair Jackson.
Finally, a very special thanks to our parents and families, including
Mr. Judd Taback, Drs. Katharine Nicodemus, David Ehrenfeld, and
Zina Matlyuk-Urman for their continued encouragement, love, and
support. We hope that you find the fourth edition of Pocket Anesthesia
a valuable resource in your clinical practice.
RICHARD D. URMAN, MD, MBA
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
JESSE M. EHRENFELD, MD, MPH
MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN
CONTRIBUTORS OF PRIOR EDITIONS
Mark Abel, MD
Jonathan M. Anagnostou, MD
Maged Argalious, MD
Aranya Bagchi, MD
Jennifer Bartlett, MD
Tarun Bhalla, MD
Matvey Bobylev, MD
Susan A. Calderwood, MD
Kurt F. Dittrich, MD
Tracy Dovich, MD
Randy Fayne, DO
Christine Finer, MD
Stephen Fink, MD
Gyorgy Frendl, MD, PhD
Tanja S. Frey, MD
Ursula A. Galway, MD
Ruchir Gupta, MD
Jenna Hansen, MD, MS
Mark A. Hoeft, MD
Arul M. Lingappan, MD
Piyush Mathur, MD
Kai Matthes, MD, PhD
Salomon M. Maya, MD
David L. Parris, MD
Britany L. Raymond, MD
Amy C. Robertson, MD
Thomas M. Romanelli, MD, FAAP
Raymond C. Roy, MD, PhD
Michael W. Sanford, MD
Samuel C. Seiden, MD
Allan F. Simpao, MD
Roy G. Soto, MD
Padma Surampudi, MD
Paloma Toledo, MD, MPH
Benjamin D. Unger, MD
Nalini Vadivelu, MD
Christian Whitney, DO
Peter Wu, MD