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DNA Evidence in Criminal Trials

The document discusses the significant role of DNA evidence in criminal trials, covering its historical development, scientific basis, collection methods, and legal standards for admissibility. It highlights challenges and limitations associated with DNA evidence, including contamination and privacy concerns, while also addressing landmark cases and recent technological advances. The conclusion emphasizes the integration of science and law through DNA evidence, suggesting future prospects for its use in the criminal justice system.

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Lakshya Dixit
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11 views3 pages

DNA Evidence in Criminal Trials

The document discusses the significant role of DNA evidence in criminal trials, covering its historical development, scientific basis, collection methods, and legal standards for admissibility. It highlights challenges and limitations associated with DNA evidence, including contamination and privacy concerns, while also addressing landmark cases and recent technological advances. The conclusion emphasizes the integration of science and law through DNA evidence, suggesting future prospects for its use in the criminal justice system.

Uploaded by

Lakshya Dixit
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The Role of DNA Evidence in Criminal

Trials: Evidentiary Standards and


Challenges
Table of Contents
1. Introduction

2. Overview of Forensic Science and DNA Evidence

3. Historical Development of DNA Evidence

4. The Scientific Basis of DNA Analysis

5. Collection and Preservation of DNA Evidence

6. DNA Profiling Techniques

7. Legal Standards for Admissibility of DNA Evidence

8. Judicial Approach to DNA Evidence in India

9. DNA Evidence in International Jurisdictions (USA, UK)

10. Challenges and Limitations of DNA Evidence

11. Landmark Cases Related to DNA Evidence

12. Ethical and Privacy Concerns

13. Recent Technological Advances

14. Future Prospects of DNA Evidence in Criminal Trials

15. Conclusion

16. Bibliography

1. Introduction
The advancement of forensic science has transformed the criminal justice system by
providing scientific techniques for investigating crimes...
2. Overview of Forensic Science and DNA Evidence
Forensic science encompasses the application of scientific principles to solve crimes and
administer justice...

3. Historical Development of DNA Evidence


- 1984: British geneticist Alec Jeffreys discovered DNA fingerprinting...
- 1986: First use of DNA evidence in the Colin Pitchfork case (UK)...

4. The Scientific Basis of DNA Analysis


DNA molecules are composed of nucleotide bases arranged uniquely for each individual...

5. Collection and Preservation of DNA Evidence


Proper collection and storage are critical: Use sterile gloves and equipment...

6. DNA Profiling Techniques


STR Analysis, mtDNA Analysis, Y-STR Analysis, Touch DNA techniques...

7. Legal Standards for Admissibility of DNA Evidence


Frye Standard, Daubert Standard, and Indian Evidence Act considerations...

8. Judicial Approach to DNA Evidence in India


Krishna Kumar Malik v. State of Haryana (2011), Banarsi Dass v. Teeku Dutta (2005)...

9. DNA Evidence in International Jurisdictions (USA, UK)


USA: Daubert Test, Innocence Project; UK: Criminal Justice Act 2003...

10. Challenges and Limitations of DNA Evidence


Contamination, partial matches, laboratory errors, privacy infringement...

11. Landmark Cases Related to DNA Evidence


People v. Wesley (1986), State of Maharashtra v. Chandrabhan Sudam Sanap (2015)...

12. Ethical and Privacy Concerns


Informed consent, risks of DNA databases, potential misuse by law enforcement...
13. Recent Technological Advances
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), Familial DNA Searching, Rapid DNA Technology...

14. Future Prospects of DNA Evidence in Criminal Trials


Regulatory oversight, privacy laws, infrastructure improvement, judicial awareness...

15. Conclusion
DNA evidence symbolizes the integration of science and law, offering precision...

16. Bibliography
1. K.G. Balakrishnan, DNA Evidence and Criminal Justice System, JILI, 2008.
2. Tapas Kumar Biswas, DNA Fingerprinting: A Guide for Law Enforcement, LexisNexis,
2015.
3. The Indian Evidence Act, 1872.
4. Krishna Kumar Malik v. State of Haryana (2011) 7 SCC 130.
5. Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, 509 U.S. 579 (1993).
6. Alec Jeffreys' Discovery of DNA Fingerprinting, Nature Journal, 1985.
7. DNA Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill, 2019.
8. Innocence Project, USA.
9. Michael Lynch et al., Truth Machine, University of Chicago Press, 2008.
10. Criminal Justice Act, 2003 (United Kingdom).

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