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Class 10 Science: Acids, Bases, Salts Quiz

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9 views6 pages

Class 10 Science: Acids, Bases, Salts Quiz

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harigovindvechoor
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© All Rights Reserved
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Class 10 - Science
Term 1 - Acids Bases and Salts - 05

1. Which of the following salts contains water of crystallization?


A. Gypsum
B. Epsom salt
C. Blue vitriol
D. Glauber’s salt
a. C and D
b. A, B, C and D
c. A and B
d. B and D
2. The water of crystallization is:
A. a variable number of water molecules present in one formula unit of salt.
B. fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of salt.
C. five water molecules present in a formula unit of salt.
D. six water molecules present in a formula unit of salt.
a. (C)
b. (A)
c. (D)
d. (B)
3. Which of the following statements is not correct?
a. Some metals react with acids to give salt and hydrogen.
b. Some non metal oxides react with water to form an acid.
c. All metal carbonates react with acid to give a salt, water and carbon dioxide.
d. All metal oxides react with water to give salt and acid.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
4. In an experiment to test the pH of a given sample using pH paper, four student recorded the following
observations :
Sample taken turned to pH paper colour

I Water Blue

II Dilute HCl Red

III Dilute NaOH Blue

IV Dilute Ethanoic Acid Orange


Which one of the above observations is incorrect ?
a. II
b. IV
c. I
d. III
5. The following pairs of substances are available in the laboratory:
A. Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid
B. Zinc and dilute sodium hydroxide solution

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C. Sodium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid


Which of these can be used to produce a colourless and odourless gas which gives a pop sound on
burning?
a. A and B
b. A and C
c. A only
d. B only
6. Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine (Cl) yields bleaching powder.
a. CaO
b.
c. CuO
d.
7. On passing CO2 through lime water for a longer time, why does the milkiness disappear?
a. Due to the formation of Ca(OH)2
b. Due to the formation of water-soluble Ca(HCO3)2
c. Due to the formation of CaCO3
d. Due to the formation of CaO
8. Normal salt is
a. acidic with pH > 7
b. acidic with pH < 7
c. basic with pH > 7
d. neutral with ph - 7
9. When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to the zinc pieces taken in a test tube
a. no change taken place
b. bubbles of gas appear on the surface of zinc pieces
c. the colour of the liquid becomes yellow
d. a pungent smelling gas gets liberated
10. The soda commonly used in the kitchen for making tasty crispy pakoras is
a. calcium hydroxide
b. sodium hydroxide
c. washing soda
d. baking soda

For question numbers 11-15, two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given
below:

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.


b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

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material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.

11. Assertion (A): During electrolysis of a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, hydrogen is
produced at the anode and chlorine gas is produced at the cathode.

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Reason (R): Ions get attracted to oppositely charged electrodes.


12. Assertion (A): Weak acids have low electrical conductivity.
Reason (R): Strong acids and weak acid have an equal concentration of hydrogen ions in their solutions.
13. Assertion: The Plaster of Paris is stored in moisture.
Reason: Plaster of Paris sets into a hard mass on wetting with water to form anhydrous calcium sulphate.
14. Assertion: Baking soda creates acidity in the stomach.
Reason: Baking soda is alkaline.
15. Assertion: Gas bubbles are observed when sodium carbonate is added to dilute hydrochloride acid.
Reason: Carbon dioxide is given off in the reaction.

Answer questions 16-20 based on the following case study:


Read the following and answer the questions:
Experiment-1 to show the reaction of dilute sulphuric acid with zinc a few pieces of zinc granules in the boiling
tube is taken and 5ml of dil. H2SO4 added to it and the gas bubble is formed.

Experiment-2 of passing CO2 gas through calcium hydroxide solution. On passing the carbon dioxide gas
evolved through lime water.

16. In experiment 1 which gas evolved which produce the pop sound:
a. Oxygen
b. Hydrogen
c. Nitrogen
d. CO2
17. The reaction that takes place in experiment 2 is:
a. 2NaOH + Zn Na2ZnO2 + H2
b. 2NaOH + Fe Na2FeO2 + H2
c. 2KOH + Zn K2ZnO2 + H2

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d. 2NaOH + Sn Na2SnO2 + H2
18. In experiment-2 neutralization reaction can be written as:
a. Base + Acid salt + water
b. Base + Base Strong base
c. Acid + Acid Strong acid
d. None of the above
19. The chemical formula of sodium zincate:
a. Na2ZnO2
b. Na3ZnO3
c. Na6ZnO3
d. Na4ZnO3
20. In experiment - 2 the product which is formed on passing excess of CO2 in CaCO3:
a. Ca(CO3)
b. Ca2(HCO3)
c. Ca2CO3
d. Ca(HCO3)2

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Term 1 - Acids Bases and Salts - 05


Class 10 - Science

Solution

1. (b) A, B, C and D
Explanation: All the above salts contain water of crystallization and their chemical formulae are given
below:
Gypsum - CaSO4.2H2O - (2 molecules of water of crystallization)
Epsom salt - MgSO4.7H2O - (7 molecules of water of crystallization)
Blue vitriol - CuSO4.5H2O - (5 molecules of water of crystallization)
Glauber's salt - Na2SO4.10H2O - (10 molecules of water of crystallization)
2. (d) (B)
Explanation: The water of crystallization is the fixed number of water molecules present in the crystal
of that salt. The chemical formula of hydrated copper sulphate is CuSO4.5H2O i.e., there are five water
molecules present in one formula unit of copper sulphate. Therefore, the water of crystallization of
copper sulphate is 5.
Similarly, there are two water molecules present in one formula unit of gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O). Hence,
the water of crystallization of gypsum is 2.
3. (d) All metal oxides react with water to give salt and acid.
Explanation: Metal oxides are basic in nature. They give alkaline solution when dissolved in water.
4. (c) I
Explanation: The colour of pH paper in water is green and not blue.
5. (a) A and B
Explanation: H2 gas is evolved in A and B. It is colourless and odourless gas which gives pop sound on
burning.
Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Zn + 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2
6. (b)
Explanation: Bleaching powder is prepared by passing chlorine gas over dry slaked lime.

7. (b) Due to the formation of water-soluble Ca(HCO3)2


Explanation: When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water, it turns milky due to the
formation of calcium carbonate which is insoluble in water.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
However, when an excess of carbon dioxide is passed through this solution, the milkiness disappears.
This is due to the formation of calcium bicarbonate, which is soluble in water. Thus, a clear solution is
obtained.
CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 Ca(HCO3)2
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8. (d) neutral with ph - 7
Explanation: Salts that are from strong bases and strong acids do not hydrolyze. The pH will

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remain neutral at 7.
9. (b) bubbles of gas appear on the surface of zinc pieces
Explanation: Zinc is more reactive than hydrogen. So, when dilute HCl is added to zinc metal, it
displaces hydrogen from the acid to form zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. Following is the chemical
equation for the reaction:
Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Hydrogen gas is evolved, therefore bubbles are formed on the surface of zinc pieces.
10. (d) baking soda
Explanation: Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) is commonly used in the kitchen for making crispy
pakoras. It is also used for curing acidity in the stomach.
11. (d) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: During electrolysis of a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride. Ions get
attracted to oppositely charged electrodes, sodium is produced at the anode and chlorine gas is
produced at the cathode.
12. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Weak acids have low electrical conductivity because the number of ions furnished by
weak acids is less as compared to strong acids in their aqueous solution.
13. (c) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Plaster of Paris is stored in a moisture-proof container because the Plaster of Paris sets
into a hard mass on wetting with water to form dihydrated calcium sulphate (gypsum).
14. (d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
Explanation: Baking soda, being alkaline, neutralises the acidity in the stomach and removes it.
15. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is the correct explanation
for assertion.
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complete study material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams.
16. (b) Hydrogen
17. (a) 2NaOH + Zn Na2ZnO2 + H2
18. (a) Base + Acid salt + water
19. (a) Na2ZnO2
20. (d) Ca(HCO3)2

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Common questions

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Precipitation plays a crucial role in determining product formation by influencing the pathway and completion of reactions. In the case of calcium bicarbonate formation, the appearance of precipitated calcium carbonate on passing CO2 through lime water represents a shift toward reactants until excess CO2 dissolves the precipitate to form the soluble bicarbonate, highlighting reversible reaction dynamics and the importance of equilibrium .

Controlled conditions in electrolysis reactions are pivotal for accurate product formation and reliability of results. For example, in NaCl solution electrolysis, maintaining concentration, electrode material, and voltage ensures hydrogen production at the cathode instead of more reactive sodium, showing how precise control maximizes desirable outcomes and minimizes side reactions .

Salts can have varying effects on the pH of a solution depending on their origins from strong or weak acids and bases. For instance, salts from strong acids and bases, such as sodium chloride, are neutral and do not affect the pH, while those from weak acids or bases can create acidic or basic solutions. This affects chemical processes like titration, buffering, and formulation stability in industries .

When carbon dioxide is passed through lime water (calcium hydroxide solution), it initially turns milky due to the formation of insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3). However, with excess CO2, the milkiness disappears as the CaCO3 reacts further to form soluble calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2), illustrating how carbonates can form precipitates in acidic conditions and dissolve under further reaction conditions .

PH indicators, such as pH paper, are instrumental in determining the acidic or basic nature of a substance by changing color. However, inaccuracies can occur due to several factors such as incorrect reading or understanding of color changes, or the incorrect placement or contamination of the sample, as exemplified by the incorrect observation of water turning pH paper blue instead of its expected neutral green .

Metals such as zinc react with acids to produce hydrogen gas through single displacement reactions where the metal, being more reactive, displaces hydrogen ions. The fact that zinc can liberate hydrogen from acids indicates its moderate reactivity, which is higher than hydrogen. This knowledge is used to exploit reactive metals for hydrogen production and understanding metal reactivity hierarchies .

Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) can neutralize acids, making it useful for adjusting pH in culinary applications to achieve desired textures, like in pakoras, and in healthcare to relieve acidity and indigestion through neutralization of gastric acids. Its chemistry, involving the release of CO2 and water upon reaction with acids, is key in providing these beneficial outcomes effectively and safely .

All the given salts – Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O), Epsom salt (MgSO4.7H2O), Blue vitriol (CuSO4.5H2O), and Glauber's salt (Na2SO4.10H2O) – contain water of crystallization. The significance of water of crystallization lies in its role in maintaining the crystalline structure of a compound. Without it, these structures can collapse, leading to a loss in physical properties such as color or solidity, as demonstrated by the vibrant blue color of hydrated copper sulfate .

Weak acids have low electrical conductivity because they only partially dissociate in solution, producing fewer ions than strong acids, which fully ionize. Hence, the conductivity, which depends on the number of free ions, is less in solutions of weak acids compared to strong acids like hydrochloric acid .

When zinc interacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, it undergoes a single displacement reaction where zinc displaces hydrogen, forming zinc chloride and releasing hydrogen gas (Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2). This is significant industrially, as the release of hydrogen, a potential energy source, is utilized in different applications, and the reaction exemplifies methods of metal extraction and manufacturing .

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