Agile & Design Thinking
DT521
Introduction
Contents
• What is Design Thinking?
• What is Agile?
• Relation to Digital Transformation.
• Important Concepts.
What is Design Thinking?
Design Problem Solving Approach.
Thinking Starts with Problem Statement & Ends with a Solution.
A Process or a Cycle consists of number of phases.
There is a feedback from process phases.
Design Thinking an iterative process.
Design Thinking Approach is explained by different entities.
Design Thinking Different Models
BDC (Britch Design Council)
4Ds Model
HPI (Hasso Plattner Institute)
Design Thinking Different Models
Kanazawa Technical College (Japan)
D. School (Stanford University design school)
The IDEO design and innovation agency
Design Thinking Different Models
ISO Standard 13407 or Scrum
Swisscom
(Swiss ICT company)
What is Agile?
Agile is software development approach
• It focuses on delivering smaller pieces of work regularly instead of one big
launch.
• This allows teams to adapt to changes quickly and provide customer value
faster.
Agile methodologies are iterative and incremental
• Break a project into smaller parts and adjusting to changing requirements.
• They prioritize flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction.
• Large companies like Facebook, Google, and Amazon use Agile because of
its adaptability and customer-focused approach.
History of Agile
Agile Methodology Cycle
Agile Methodology Core Components
Work in short cycles.
Deliver value at the end of each cycle.
Hold a brief daily planning meeting.
Hold a retrospective after every cycle
Expansion of Agile Concept
• These Agile ideas reached well beyond software
development teams and are now being applied to everything
from strategic planning and leadership to human resources,
finance, marketing, and, of course, design.
Examples:
- Agile Project Management.
- Agile Product Development.
- Agile Team Building.
- Agile Organization Development.
Design Thinking + Agile = ??
Since
Design Thinking is a problem solving approach starts
from problem statement to finding the solution.
Agile is a building process to something (the solution)
with iterative approach.
Then Agile & Design Thinking when combined in the same
process they complement and integrate to
implement or execute the solution of
the problem.
Design Thinking + Agile = ??
Relationship with Digital Transformation
Definition of Digital Transformation
Improving existing Products /Services
Organization
Change will gain value
Upgrade Business Model
Extend
Producing new Products /Services
Using Digital Technologies
Digital Transformation: An attempt to change, upgrade and extend to an organization’s business models
using technologies so as to enable the organization to:
• Gain value by improving the currently existing Product(s)/Service(s).
• Gain value by introducing new Product(s)/Service(s).
Business Model: How the business Creates, Delivers and Captures a value.
Relationship with Digital Transformation
Since
DX is a change to BM that leads to Change in product /
Service or building new product / service.
Agile + Design thinking is the best approach to deal with
changes iteratively to find best solution and build it.
Then Agile & Design Thinking is a one of the core DX tools
and methodologies.
Important Concepts
• The Double Diamond Model.
• Design Thinking Micro Cycle.
• Design Thinking Macro Cycle.
• Lean Startup between Agile & DT
• User-Centered Design
The Double Diamond Model.
• The design process can be
divided into problem space and
solution space.
• The problem space is when
designers explore the problem,
including its complex nature, and
end with a clear definition of the
problem.
• The second stage is the solution
space, where ideas are
generated, visualized, and tested
prototypes.
The Double Diamond Model (Continued)
Divergent Thinking
• Many Ideas with no limits
Convergent Thinking
• Focus on and limit Ideas to individual needs,
functionalities, or potential possible solutions.
Groan Zone
• Abandoning ideas is challenging, but moving the
project forward is necessary.
• It is possible to eliminate some ideas at this
stage.
• It is useful for consolidating or combining ideas
into logical clusters.
Design Thinking Micro-Cycle
Understand
• The problem and User need has to be understood.
Observe
• Observe and listen carefully in conversation with a potential
user to correct assumptions and get the real needs.
Define Point of View
• Define the problem.
Ideate
• Generate Ideas for solution.
Prototype
• Building an idea as a physical model.
Test
• Test prototypes with customers in the real world to receive
valuable feedback.
Design Thinking Macro-Cycle
• The issue in the macro cycle is to understand
the problem and concretize a vision of the
solution.
• To do this, many iterations of the micro cycle
are run through.
• The initial steps in the macro cycle are of a
divergent character (steps 1–5 in the figure).
• In the case of simple problems or if the team
possesses comprehensive knowledge of the
market and the problem, the transition to the
groan zone (step 6) can be pretty fast.
• Transition to the groan zone can be effected
from any one of the five divergent steps.
• The vision of the solution or idea is
concretized in the form of a vision prototype
and tested with different users.
• If the vision gets generally positive feedback,
it is concretized in the next iteration (step 7).
Design Thinking Macro-Cycle
1. Initial ideas are worked out in a
brainstorming session.
2. Develop critical functionalities that are
essential for the user.
3. Find benchmarks from other industries and
experiences.
4. Increase creativity and find the dark horse
among the ideas.
5. Implementation of a funky prototype to give
free rein to creativity.
6. Determine the vision of the idea with the
vision prototype.
7. Concretize the vision step by step
Lean Startup between Agile & DT
Design Thinking Lean startup Agile
How to approach a How to develop the How to execute and
problem solution scale out
User-Centered Design (UCD)
• Design Thinking Approach focus on people (users and their needs.)
• User-centered design (UCD) means designing from the point of view of
the user.
UCD Principles UCD Process
Involvement of Users Throughout the Design Process
Focus on Users and Their Needs
Iterative Design Process
Design for the Whole User Experience
Thank You