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Understanding Architectural Concepts

The document discusses the importance of architectural concepts as foundational ideas that guide the design process of a project. It outlines how concepts are derived from site analysis, design briefs, and building typologies, and emphasizes their influence on various aspects of architecture. Additionally, it highlights the role of design philosophy in shaping a designer's approach and the significance of a strong concept in achieving successful architectural outcomes.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
30 views27 pages

Understanding Architectural Concepts

The document discusses the importance of architectural concepts as foundational ideas that guide the design process of a project. It outlines how concepts are derived from site analysis, design briefs, and building typologies, and emphasizes their influence on various aspects of architecture. Additionally, it highlights the role of design philosophy in shaping a designer's approach and the significance of a strong concept in achieving successful architectural outcomes.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Theory of Architecture 1

LECTURE #017
Architectural Concept

Arch. Jiffer John L. Taala


ARCH115 Instructor
Concept /kän,sept/
Noun
1. an abstract idea; a general notion
2. a directly conceived or intuited object of thought

Dictum /ˈdiktəm/
Noun
1. a formal pronouncement from an authoritative source.
2. a short statement that expresses a general truth or principle.
What is an Architectural Concept?

Definition
When referring to architecture; a concept is an idea, thought or notion that forms the
backbone and foundation of a design project and one that drives it forward. It
becomes the force and identity behind a projects progress and is consistently
consulted throughout every stage of its development.

...every architectural project should be derived from a concept

An architectural concept is the meaning and reason to the end product (the completed
building or structure) and is the very first part of the design process to be developed
and realised much like a seed is to plant. And just like a plant seed it can come from a
vast array of sources, and produce a huge amount of variations and outcomes.

It is also the one of the only consistent element that follows a project from
beginning to end and remains as important at the start as it is at the finish.

An architectural concept can be described as an: idea, notion, opinion, abstraction,


philosophy, belief, inspiration, thought, intention, theory, image, plan, or hypothesis.

Where do they come from?


Architectural concepts should primarily be generated from three key areas;

The Site - climate, orientation, views, access, context, history, use ...site analyse

Design brief - client and building requirements, accommodation, and construction


budget

Building typology - Building type and use

…But can also be generated in full or in part by building program, culture, society,
technology, emotion, and sense.

That said, more often than not, an exemplar piece of architecture will always be
well rooted and relate to its site and context, and so site analysis plays a huge role
in architectural concept generation and development. Just look at “Le Corbusier’s,
an analysis of form” for examples of how this is achieved.
This can then backed and supported by the design brief and building typology.

How and what do they influence?


Design concepts will and should influence the whole project, and include the:

Exterior and interior - orientation, massing, form, apertures, height, light

The landscape - hard and soft surfaces, types of planting, scale of painting,
arrangement of planting

Finishes - colours, styles, textures, materials

Fixtures and fittings - genre, style, scale, amount, material

Structure - light, heavy, traditional, modern, vernacular

Materials - colours, hard or soft, weathering, types, styles, locally sourced,


vernaculars

Each aspect of a project should be derived from and be driven by a concept; this
could be a singular global conceptual approach for the whole project, or individual
conceptual approaches applied to each aspect.

Why generate a concept?


A strong architecture concept gives the architect / designer a clear direction and
framework when making design decisions; it provides a methodology to the
thinking process by offering a type of rule book.

When there is a question to be answered or a decision to be made, the concept is


consulted and used to direct methods of thinking to provide a solution within its
own parameters to maintain the clarity of the design intent. This stops the architect
from branching off into never-ending directions and tangents, that will only hinder
and water down the architectures legitimacy.
In academic and professional terms, the difference between a successful project
and an average one is judged by the strength of its concept and whether its clarity
remained and was kept consistent throughout.

Architecture needs to be grounded in depth and meaning and the more coherent and
relevant it is, the more successful and interesting it becomes ...the concept brings
richness to the design.

Check link for the short course:

30x40 Design Workshop. March 22, 2017. Architecture Short Course: How to Develop
a Design Concept. [Link]

30x40 Design Workshop. April 27, 2017. Developing the Architectural Concept -
Architecture Short Course (Part 2)
[Link]
Vitra Fire Station Weil am Rhein, Germany, 1993
Zaha Hadid Architects / Zaha Hadid
Concept
“frozen movement”. It is a fitting architectural mood for a fire station, which
must remain on constant alert; the design reflects that tension, as well as the
potential to burst into action at any given moment.
getting a sense of movement characteristic…
The whole building is movement, frozen, expressing the tension of being
alert. (lablog, 2014)
Hadid, Zaha Title Vitra Fire Station Date 1994 Location Weil am Rhein, Baden-
Wurttemberg, Germany Description Sequence of views through corridor space
The Quinta Monroy housing development, 2004
Elemental / Alejandro Aravena

Concept
‘half of a good house’
low-cost, social and emergency dwellings which can be finished, extended
and developed by their inhabitants, turning a series of concrete blocks into a
set of well-loved homes.
Aravena “gives economic opportunity to the less privileged, mitigates the effects of
natural disasters, reduces energy consumption, and provides welcoming public space,”
said Tom Pritzker, chairman and president of the prize’s sponsors, the Hyatt
Foundation. “Innovative and inspiring, he shows how architecture at its best can
improve people’s lives.”
Fallingwater: The Edgar Kaufmann House at Bear Run Pennsylvania 1937
Taliesin West / Frank Lloyd Wright
'best all-time work of American architecture'.

Concept
The epitome of “organic architecture,” Fallingwater’s design symbolizes the
harmony between people and nature. Through thoughtful design that is
seamlessly integrated with its natural setting, the building, its furnishings,
and the surroundings become cohesive parts of one unified, interrelated
composition. This, Wright described, was “Where the whole is [to] the part as
the part is to the whole and where the nature of the materials, the nature of
the purpose, the nature of the entire performance” are all equally important
to the resulting building. ([Link], n.d.)
Berlin Jewish Museum
Studio Libeskind / Daniel Libeskind

Concept
Libeskind wanted to express feelings of absence, emptiness, and invisibility –
expressions of disappearance of the Jewish Culture. It was the act of using
architecture as a means of narrative and emotion providing visitors with an
experience of the effects of the Holocaust on both the Jewish culture and the
city of Berlin.
Design Philosophy
A design philosophy is a theoretical or driving force behind the work of a designer.
They can apply to aesthetics, methods or the impact of a design on society,
individuals or the planet. In many cases, pursuit of a design philosophy drives a
career forward as accomplished designers typically strongly embrace a set of
ideals. (John Spacey, 2016)

“The details are not the details. They make the design” – Charles Eames
Example Design Philosophy from Jesse Weaver
1. There is art in design, but design is not art
There is a practiced art to creating great design, but the final output of the design
process is not art. Art is creative expression intended to provoke questions and
individual interpretation. Art is inspiring, emotional and important, but does not fill a
specific need beyond humanities’ desire to express itself. Design, on the other hand,
is a creative process intended to solve a problem, to fill a need for the people that
will ultimately interact with it. Design should not be open to interpretation, but
instead should define how it is to be engaged with and should guide a user at each
stage of that engagement. Art creates questions, design creates answers.
2. Design must be rooted in reality
As Dieter Rams says, “Indifference towards people and the reality in which they live
is actually the one and only cardinal sin in design”. Empathy is the conduit to great
design and the critical skill for great designers. Without a deep understanding of the
end user and the reality in which a design will be used, any decision a designer
makes is a shot in the dark. To fill a real need, design must be rooted in reality.

Examples on how we do it.

Project: Medical Clinic


Concept:
An architecture upholding ecological balance and natural form.
Philosophy:
The beauty of architecture lies with how it tailors with nature and serve it
users.

Project: Broadcast Center


Concept:
Defining unity in diversity through architectural volumes
Philosophy:
Follow your inspiration

Project: Chair
Concept:
Lines of light, behind a rest.

Project: Regeneration of Divisoria & its surroundings: A commercial and residences


development
Concept:
The dynamism of lines thru poetry of lights and shadow
Philosophy:
Speak geometry without saying a word.

Concept:
Defying gravity
Philosophy:
Efficiency and effectiveness
Archisoup. (n.d.). What is an Architectural Concept? Retrieved from
[Link]
Phaidon (n.d.). Why 2016's Pritzker winner makes half-built houses. Retrieved from
[Link]
pritzker-winner-makes-half-built-houses/
lablog (March 19, 2014). Zaha Hadid, Vitra Fire Station, Weil am Rhein, Germany,
1993 . Retrieved from [Link]
[Link]/2014/03/19/zaha-hadid-vitra-fire-station-weil-am-rhein-germany-
1993/
(March 31, 2016). Vitra Fire Station. Retrieved from
[Link]
zaha-title-vitra-fire-station-date-1994-location-weil-am-rhein-baden-
wurttemberg-germany-description-sequence-of-views-through-corridor-space/
Luke Fiederer (October 13, 2018). AD Classics: Vitra Fire Station / Zaha Hadid.
Retrieved from [Link]
zaha-hadid-weil-am-rhein-germany
Falling Water org (n.d.). Designing Fallingwater. Retrieved from
[Link]
AD Classics: Jewish Museum, Berlin / Studio Libeskind. Retrieved from
[Link]
libeskind
John Spacey (August 10, 2016) 20+ Design Philosophies. Retrieved from
[Link]
Jesse Weaver (December 21, 2015) What is Your Design Philosophy? Retrieved from
[Link]
a32d43985899

Common questions

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Maintaining a consistent concept from start to finish is important because it ensures that every decision made aligns with a clear, unified vision. This consistency provides coherence, strengthens the design's intent, and communicates the project's message effectively. If a project deviates from its initial concept, it risks becoming disjointed, undermining the design's integrity and diminishing its impact. Consequently, an incoherent project can result in confusion among stakeholders and fail to meet its intended purpose or resonate with its audience .

The concept of 'frozen movement' in Zaha Hadid's Vitra Fire Station design symbolizes the constant state of readiness required for a fire station. The architecture conveys dynamic tension and potential energy as if capturing a moment before a burst of action. The whole building reflects movement in its geometric forms and spatial sequences, giving an impression of being poised to spring into action, which is fitting for a structure housing a fire station .

Site analysis is critical in developing an architectural concept because it informs the architect about various elements such as climate, orientation, views, access, context, history, and use. These factors are foundational in ensuring that the design is appropriately rooted in its environment, respects local conditions, and utilizes natural advantages. A well-grounded concept with strong site relevance enhances the architecture's success and integrity, making the structure more meaningful and cohesive .

According to Jesse Weaver, the distinction between design and art lies in their purposes and interpretations. Art is a form of creative expression meant to provoke questions and individual interpretation, inspiring and evoking emotions without filling a specific functional need. In contrast, design is a structured, creative process aimed at solving a problem or fulfilling a need, guiding users with clarity at each stage of interaction. While art raises questions, design provides answers, emphasizing practicality and user engagement .

The principle that design must be rooted in reality is crucial because it emphasizes empathy and understanding of the users' context and needs. As Dieter Rams suggests, ignoring the reality and the people for whom the design is intended leads to ineffective solutions. Rooting design in real-world conditions ensures that the outcomes are practical, addressing real needs and enhancing user experience. This approach prevents designs from being speculative or disconnected from the users' daily lives, ensuring relevance and utility .

In a design project, the architectural concept significantly influences material choice as the materials must reflect and support the core idea. The concept can dictate specific qualities such as texture, color, and local sourcing, ensuring that material decisions align with the overarching theme and environmental context. Materials contribute to the aesthetic and functional aspects of a project, linking the physical form to its conceptual origins. This integration preserves the design's integrity and makes the concept tangible through every sensory experience with the architecture .

An architectural concept provides a clear direction and framework, serving as a rule book when making design decisions. It guides the architect's thinking process, ensuring that all decisions align with the initial vision and maintain consistency in the design's intent. This consistency prevents the design from becoming diluted by conflicting ideas, which is crucial for both academic and professional success. The richer and more coherent the concept, the more effectively it can direct the project, contributing significantly to the overall success and interest of the design .

Frank Lloyd Wright's concept of 'organic architecture' in Fallingwater is realized through seamless integration with its natural surroundings. The design ensures the building, furnishings, and landscape form a cohesive whole, reflecting harmony between human habitation and nature. This is seen in how the structure sits over a waterfall and uses indigenous stone, allowing the architecture to blend with the site's environment. Wright's design philosophy emphasizes the interrelated composition where each element is part of a larger system, expressing unity between the built environment and nature .

Daniel Libeskind's design of the Berlin Jewish Museum uses architectural elements to express feelings of absence, emptiness, and invisibility, reflecting the Holocaust's impact on Jewish culture and history. The building's zigzag form and voids convey disruption and loss, creating an emotionally charged experience for visitors. By crafting spaces that evoke such strong narratives, Libeskind uses architecture as a medium to deliver a poignant reminder of historical events, turning the visit into an emotive journey that reflects the narratives of history and culture .

Alejandro Aravena's concept for the Quinta Monroy housing development, 'half of a good house,' addresses social and economic challenges by providing low-cost, social, and emergency dwellings. The design allows inhabitants to expand and modify the basic structure over time according to their means. This approach not only offers immediate housing solutions but also empowers individuals to improve their living conditions, fostering economic opportunities. The project's flexibility and cost-efficiency have made it an inspiring example of architecture's potential to improve lives by addressing socio-economic issues .

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