0 ratings 0% found this document useful (0 votes) 9 views 13 pages GST Notes
The document discusses the principles of logic, reasoning, and argumentation, emphasizing the importance of sound premises and conclusions. It highlights the role of critical thinking in evaluating arguments and avoiding fallacies. Additionally, it touches on the significance of effective communication and the use of language in persuading others.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content,
claim it here .
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Go to previous items Go to next items
Ors Maddaragy «
, QST IM het Logie S crovnap
spidey 8
Recsonin arguments th Cenrvitneyog
der to & whet Ou Ube §
of Logic tts dered oc Leek word
“ LO@08” mh “te Antauing Of Lege ing reefs
,. ave Gecel, | Word, and as0n hogizc isa sents
that deal wh vale veagonin Or auqunrents,
lagi us app eel le eee ise
pet. uy hog TC dees ot niean td Fyty
Couvinte or U ovtunde Hb poue (Sstererg.
OY Tee ia
ogic las spread tu all ce £ of (9 and wll
ie of s b €€ lac deules mnelfon hie Gann
ln phe and fg Suee the ker logo of- ope
teste evsfente- ‘|
OT. es bir one 0 exe len Ideas henely gud
pec rse, Ch a Clear Manes)"
al (€ also: bet? us fo [ it, od oe { ; Some
ny 0 do 4 detive cetve (te
Z., oe us Ww st errors Ww espe) en
pe ae 0 deskiy ud het Gomeeth thet ts
° god ond somckly at <9 bad-
ous
|
|
5(4 us on ' bal
) Iden bn cy
ihm aie He 76
Alt de $ bean Vide: ley» |
LE the freme-is crreog +t, Conel ib 7p .
als be
? Covrect, and LE The pre
The (onc lusty
mie us
1S aleo Petty Poel Tan
“Dae ,
Ir Tee” Premize ‘These ane The dea ek ove obj
Gire Whoek, Oe truer
zc Felse Premiee,’ are [deas la ‘ave “Sale
W-Nakuwe whised eure pes-bg
Guy Q hare begs WG) ex ‘heel is felte u
Subj J).
OAL men one eporel (a9 objecthy <)' \
2)AU wien ave [mmovte (Coubjece) {
al dog < have fo) lege (‘Subjeasee)
Conlusion
cont
is drowy fron The two prope tions OF con ager
=—All: dogs hoveifoc@) begt 0 —L5! fens ay
Bu noe ef Prembe. Win
+ i iw
A ud Conclusion Veca ad on thee prone
2
Me
Bye Wiens: oe
Cc ou =I
y Conclusion Us There \ ae
Same glvuse “fee Dingo have Poo begs) 4
[a USE iy Conetesioy are —¥
\ Iberefort, thus, So, eres
HK Conc bs\ov, alep cl:s:
is the Ast plvase:
Ac ume
Arenas ded wit, Convin ced, ts the loyieet
arrangement aud pres evtstion of Ideas, Some of the
to le used, Some, most, Some of thee police of]
cev clo ateert bribe, not all:
Alt ved eyes eople ore bad Lemper
Loaie ts Sketch Connected Gevbes of StatensenE
dd ete stm:
—* seen ae oP boo or a preposition
otharwrise Us called cir arguement?
y
>, Couchasioy, bd
wor!
pend ow Mejor j
fremre, WbLIel,
rence Le Trak The argument
= - sheps a proethe a . J
’ Me bo te rm aaa .
om 7 © =
undergo - bore of (dea fiom peemite 2
Fee Seller JoS paste define loft
clk"
esScholes SS define Inference we Sect Lo,
[now fre © avidve of other The distinne feu |
au luferente 1% & proces by whee Some yeas, ae
Cobia nin ow Ls the transite» Lom te ny
vembse tp the Conclution: tls lsd a process of
werten Covclasion:
da SOME CaBC,0ur Juference are Scalby concel,
Whee Same ave not logically correct ‘
ere blictimenDin ecto 5e Slogpivg coengleX
Therefove, lee need a qu to go tothe shop
— The man tt blind SS Therefore (re wed a
Jeg. to te 9? 0 the Slaappiing ©“Feet rt, tlle
Tex , - 21202;
Te 4, tte Betas Ti :
Le deats Ww the abit
© thier -
hogSeally and olStep to EF ee
J 4% ’ us Suet, teu tt]
CAPER hina ng tn vol ves wring, reading coe
abung and losbenriting « poe
Avqord Crealthin ter is lrat wea and also
can dew! folloctes ( bo deceive Somme Lod) *
A good CePteal thinteey Can dssbinguisled tee abje
ive ond Subbpeckire Shtemen€’
fs improve Cy Isat [bin ke
0) Berens dapat bilgoa lack Co -(rettent, $0 Should
i be awnotded
@ lntudb + The ala ley 40 undersfond sonrelteng
without a Conus reasons Cs bioutel be ote)
foefetbe tuter Lectual honerty 16 a ability to
colve problems worn lee lias Should atee!
bias)
A creel Thin eer atrould ye howest a
‘ onest Which ove
i ee (copy Someones bvork fac lete «).
tl- Deception (is fo decrip Some cure
of
dacede -We beobing (7 — 25)
4 he process Suits
OSkeg Ostente yf : JONI G8 Face Or
rmsd Oxaminedor, 1
ackuow bed th dm “Ihe Menegennent], out "60!
\V- ea ' Drealcing fhe Skopulated rule } r
ose ee Y Orde
ter you ty Certain pe voumnre «
V- Sabo tage Ack of Stoping Pope to met he
Nu Prope Professional Mits- conduct? (S process of
Possiuy a Studen€ leased ov Seleclve.
Problems Soluin
As 2 Crdltcedthin per, rs Muck Gcewes problen
© Thisk devésivy ( Reegon dleesioy ) {
@ Routine decision \ LE (uvolves 4 lot of free
Gkeps valve in Problem Splviv
\- [dertipying curl opecdfyivg the prob wm
\\- Au« 5e the Problen «
We forntulate Pessrole Sp luton:
We Evaluate Possible Solubion
VE Choostvg a@ Solution
(Lerten Cos bine 42 tak di cling fle” Zl
Aso crblreer thinker, g try £0 delle dogo
fx ovder do solve — ‘Crorfed a ey
ae 1 the re55 Owing Process base
j ou Se (aterest, Cavers Crevapred Unie =
a ; é ng OS 6 CT) eB
[scours Disa 16 a used of Lang
t — : fing Wage: 0 ase = Pawt—
| Cuber musage Or 6 long and cerlous Lycatmend)
Use of leang vag ¢ 7) ‘pests Welting £0 produte
Meanings Or 6 & So0dal Loundory That defines
Whet Can be sabi, a par Studley taltecng:
ro amdae : 18 aur trstrumewt used 40 spreed
\deas’ ead 0 Pecuade tie lasteners or veadere:
tL ts an thea ov stafemewt tint chowe felse| ex
ergretel use Gf liorder be gain Support tO mabe ple
tt deals with the way of Persucdsong people
y to cocept yout Concept Or 4oteice beloeve with
eur [ders
Q Tyee of Propagandes
ae Nowe = Callen onde te adtackes negebie
tm poet Lp e person) Wee bo taentsh the image of
bebeat- Indovduel a -
a3 "Gqsteening Comnatiey Lnregoali is the ogpestte
of raune- calling Propagat
af [raasfer Fropagends. ‘
7“K
ms Paudine on Frop ainelais OF tagusser Roeye (T Pte),
P Guy folks roPaqenda « Ls the One thet vce
fetter foley melted 40 play that ris bre can or
a PexS0n bo get Votes
ord Sterking Fro, asnclos Showing baek Som~
ettiing and Lady (eee. 7 “
+ TJestimouxl Propaganda 1 Commonly
Tyoce of Dis towse
l=: Soseu bific dts couse . 1S 4 Gystemabic observalQun> _
\- Observaltsn Coby & clamale Us change’)
\We Testun
ue yet Cenplanation of tte goten tdes)
J We xplanatbn
V — Crenevaltratdin _
a- literary Discowse |, (8 about style of oP Gg thengt
Atret ave “Gudtets le to paredoulor words J
Things 40 Cousider;
|—Souete of the maakerdal I Autbors? Credente?
le Reesovieg Of worPbing thee naatertaP
ener:Qst ita.” dl
1204
~ Proposstion 4
EB on argupatet. that Kalacs Hfiee he
declaratOve fori" 19 yp!y5,]
Peo os = dels ute Stuople ets.
Con Shand on LL own bekwes yes |e Gursurer*
Component of Prepositibu ) |
© Q ven epfeer :
Suleject berm —? Mein ting tutes 5 Sentente:
& Qredreate Kevux “P Qualifbe? Subject berm:
Copularg 7 Luks the subject vedtcate “fern
$e
Enq. A lia Lateo Bie et pe
Some Souite rae re ee fe
Corte Selleve ave ot Saot Lard Wor Beg
AC Stendoid fone = = Uvavere) ofpinm proposition
Puede fee
“> Mowey
Nijerun ladees “Sethe tog
\
=O (NLUM)
i 2p a O. Audvercal eet Proposition
N mega Se awe'g|
ie Pt @* ; 6) tf:@ X
_ Po. cular | Rm puget we
Lactaver OS Carraption, ;
ames that ove currup
PCL ne)
@ Stes ree
ebb a bed aneny”
: wy, [- Plea oe
2
Sap, = (usvet [Link]
Sig o= Paw ewler a fornia Ber
Sep SS Uvdverel neqalre
Sep, = = facbeeubr mages
\tapou
Lu llpg rst (6 our orguanert thet comp vises wf ele,
(eee minor remit Tadd A! dodebision + |
Nol orqunent 118 Sad to be ated bup vir Eve
ot tks, ofruceuwe de y watt, cise oF
«en gmert a Cia jerp24 rau,
Structure
MELB Sean “fore oP raul de went
a Curguilreee ATLE hies | aagage bo tne
reOMBes ond fonclusioy > a vf indy
At our fs Ove Qe Corajoe)
AML ove Re ove fe» Cueuor)
S As ave Ds (CSudlusio) +: vy
Aw? Mitn are porte} rah nor )
Bu™ Masloosy B mnarbad —> nde
2 MWS Matharesy 3 Par > GuclueDou
P ® GOB
> i ALL Magecaus ove Pet AcLrdcan © TR
post! Al Cancbrvonvans owe Pigeons
st tein Ove Notgte cans
hese fis legs
ee ts 2 4 (ugound
tak Ade ig a tidy
rats lave’ S Legs
PS iy es gfe betas
waits
Ou GY Gu £@ be Soumd, Hee: Lennie bee vate
J y
. tice major md wae greniee wast be true!
®.a a
efans Awe AP Dcaye ia a
: ag O8veun Ores Or eK) led iy
’ Lesee! genus OPS os (
Ss f (
Q Vatu Souetes of Arguisants Why
Glue Yudeemelee => ots is
® Obecivel f (fared SOW ak ie nobure
® Statereeal Facts. 7 Ol lective ¢
@ Histo Peak Peeks - na WU nebuve:
Sources CH arguments (ax oly be fdentrese? fm
she WMahor oremrs sep
wedi: yo? 4) 09fos|aeay
‘Theve: ave log heiies Che Bho. gb =
are Plylosopliers) EW Curpy efiives’ Ingie as the
Si of me thods anne ri Caples for buc ® be catlid
6 lOgician , you must abee by the Study of anettedt,
sound’ pducdetes * Most. 'pecpte feet ta wheisonigg Neco,
lo to mot brave Method ff prinedple wf dens
inns Loo ip sh tien eek kh
. achive Ac fiver Logie O8 a adleynpe e wn
The oivnlib of tadovintual’ ta auenpe fo mee
a ack ff ynveril, Gtodorrventt tn Pag egg OT
detween valid Saal riseqpom Coney” ke
@® dmranry. eve (udovedual
RBARR
SEocd * Logie t 8
Ce truceures
Cedbseal Tent ela pet to Leeedl
Lith rath and Wtf decetion, 0m fw
How 0 lurprove Crtbical thinking Precsoning:
a) Pevoid Pra iadice
Q Aved \neitdn
ee ius op erendipity
Arvo {rder leckuck [destiomesty :
a Systematic Study OF proposition
1B ov Word thet coer frou, Le wo
ca © Fallo” lk creas" | can deceived”
fw error tu easoms me (tecd 0 be a N8chm ofteg
Ty res lke fe
[ene are bwo broad tyres of fallacy
od Forel Where there is Shewrdberd Uefa
@ i fa They are vBieeg fom Couctously
ond Uncouciousl4 in prowess of Conservaoon }(dvemnud —
Sal tg of Aly dbf
Phecspavies Methods
(F Deduesive ewetiods Cagetliy Luu, art Lints tu st
@ luduchboe qvethods jafete
@ \ndutve ovaloys JQ.
~ Fa