Interactive Horizon RMO Analysis
Interactive Horizon RMO Analysis uses semblance, gather and stack displays for picking
Residual Moveout (RMO) along a horizon.
Theory
Please refer to Using MVA for more information about the prestack migration velocity analysis
process. This process is the main prestack data analysis window for the MVA product. It has numerous
features to let you efficiently and effectively pick residual moveout.
Usage
This process is designed to use in conjunction with the MVA Xsec Window in an interactive
environment. You pick horizons in the MVA Xsec Window and send them to this process via
InterProcess Communication. After picking the RMO, you can then send the RMO picks back to the
MVA Xsec Window for display.
Output
This process outputs an RMO file called hva-- horizon name -- dataset name with a 3 letter code
of RHD. These files are accessed through the MVA Tomography Inversion or Access Parameter Tables
menu.
Using Smash parameters
The following figures describes the creation of bins using the smash parameter.
Working with noisy data
If you can identify an event on a stacked section, you should be able to pick the residual moveout of
that event using this process. Test the CDP smash parameter, accessed via the Options button, for best
results. We encourage you to increase the smash parameter. For example, with a CDP spacing of 12.5
m, a smash of 20 corresponds to averaging over only 250 m. We are generally unable to resolve
velocity variations of that small scale. If the semblance is contaminated by another event, use the
Animation windows to ensure your picks reflect the RMO of the proper event.
Parameters
Display Device
Select This Screen to plot the display on the current screen. Examples of valid display names include:
workhorse:0: Specifies display number 0 on the host workhorse.
workhorse:0.0: Specifies screen 0 on display 0 on the host workhorse.
Select Dataset
Select a prestack depth migrated dataset from the datasets menu.
Note: The primary sort must be on CDP.
Input Previous IHVA computation?
Select Yes to continue a previous session.
Input horizon velocity table
This appears if Yes to Input Previous HVA computation. Select previously saved RMO picks from
IHVA from the parameter table menu.
Select the type of horizon
This appears if No to Input Previous HVA computation. Select the type of horizon from the following
choices:
" Interpreted Horizon in Depth: MVA XSec Window pro-duces Interpreted Horizon in Depth.
" Other Horizon: Trace Display produces Other Horizon.
Select Input horizon
This appears if No to Input Previous HVA computation. Select an input horizon. Note: There is no
default. If you do not have a horizon, create a Horizon in MVA XSec Window.
Window Half Width
This appears if No to Input Previous HVA computation. Enter the half width of the window to use for
analysis. This is vertical amount of data above and below the chosen horizon.
Units are same as the dataset. 200 is a reasonable value for depth data in m. This parameter may be
changed once the program is executed.
Data Smash
This appears if No to Input Previous HVA computation. Enter the half width of the CDP triangular mix
used to create supergathers. This is a sequential number of CDPs on either side of the center CDP to
stack together to create supergathers. Stacking is preformed along the dip of the horizon so dipping
events of interest will not be stacked out.. 5-21 is a reasonable starting value. This parameter may be
interactively changed once the program is started. The CDP interval of the gathers displayed is the
same as this smash value.
Offset bin size
This appears if No to Input Previous HVA computation. Enter the size of the offset bins to create
supergathers. Enter 0.0 if no binning is preformed. Bin size should be less that 1/10 of the total offset.
This parameter may be changed once the program is executed. If your data has binned and partialy
stacked, you can probably leave this at 0. This can be interactively changed once the process is started.
Maximum Data moveout
This appears if No to Input Previous HVA computation. Enter the maximum data moveout at far offset
for computation of RMO. 100-300 m or 200 - 500 ft. are reasonable values. This can be interactively
changed once the process is started.
Interactive Display
When IHVA is executed, the following dialogue box appears:
If you are not using Horizons Groups as input to MVA Tomography Inversion, select Ok without
changing the weight or constraint type. These will be defined in the MVA Tomography Inversion
Menu.
If you will be using Horizon Groups as input to MVA Tomography Inversion, fill out the Horizon
Parameters for Tomography dialogue box.
Weight for Horizon RMO #1
Enter the weight for the specified horizon. Enter 0.0 for the residual moveout of a reflector to have no
effect on the inversion. This parameter appears for each horizon specified in Number of horizons.
Weight values can between 0-9999. All weights are relative to each other. If horizon 1 has a weight of
10 and horizon 2 has a weight of 5, information from horizon 1 will count twice (10/5=2) as much as
information from horizon 2.
Horizon constraint type
Select the horizon constraint type from the following choices:
" No horizon Constraint: Do not apply a horizon position constraint to this horizon. " Entire
horizon location: Horizon constraint will effect the entire horizon location.
" Only control points: Horizon constrain to tie only at the specified control points.
See MVA Tomography Inversion for more information on horizon position constraints. There are three
basic types of data windows: Semblance Display, Gather Display, and Stack Display. There are two
types of Stack Displays: one with structure and one flattened along structure.
You can specify which windows to display using the Windows button in the menu bar. Looking at the
above display, whenever you pick residual moveout on the semblance plot, residual moveout is applied
to the gathers and the data is restacked using your picked RMO values. This is called non-animation
mode. This mode changes only in response to mouse clicks. There is also an animation mode where the
gathers and the data display the RMO value of your cursor in the semblance window. As you move
your cursor, the gathers and data change to reflect the new RMO value. You can switch between
animation mode and non-animation mode using the Windows button in the menu bar.
Icon Bar
The following commands are invoked using the icons on the left hand side of the screen.
" Automatic Picker: Auto pick the semblance.
" IHVA PD Tool: Send RMO picks to MVA XSec Window through the use of Pointing
Dispatcher, PD, (Interpro-cess communication).
" Save RMO Picks: Saves the displayed RMO picks.
" Zoom Tool: Zoom/unzoom any window.
" Picking Tool: Pick/edit the RMO on the semblance win-dow.
Menu bar
The menu bar contains the five pulldown menus shown above plus the Help menu.
File
The file menu commands are:
" Send HVA picks to main window: Send the RMO picks to the MVA XSec Window if running,
and update the velocity being displayed.
" Save: Save the RMO picks
" Exit, Do Not Save: Stop IHVA without saving RMO picks.
" Save and Exit: Save the RMO picks, then stop IHVA.
Edit menu
The edit menu commands create and remove RMO picks.
" Autopick Moveout: Automatically create RMO picks based on semblance peaks. Autopicks
may also be deter-mined by clicking on the Auto Picker button found on the tool bar.
" Erase Moveout Picks: Remove the RMO picks from the display. This does not remove picks
from disk if they have been previously saved.
Windows menu
The windows menu commands change which window tiles are displayed.
" Display All Windows
" Remove All Trace Windows
" Display Only the Animation Windows: Display only the stack animation, the semblance and
the gather windows. Window titles are also displayed.
" Display only the non-Animation Windows: Display only the current stack, the semblance and
the current gather windows. Window titles are also displayed.
The following are toggle buttons that turn each component on or off.
" Window Titles: Turn on or off a description above each displayed window.
" Current Stack with Structure: Turn on or off the Cur-rent Stack with Structure window. The
Current Stack with Structure window shows the stack with the picked RMO function applied.
" Current Stack Flattened Along Horizon:Turn on or off the Current Stack Flattened Along
Horizon window. The Current Stack Flattened Along Horizon window shows the stack, flattened based
on the horizon, with the picked RMO function applied.
" Stack Animation: Turn on or off the Stack Animation window. This window is a screen swap
animation that animates as the mouse tracks in the semblance window. Each frame of the animation is a
picture of the stack that has RMO applied to its gathers prior to stacking. The amount of RMO applied
in each frame corresponds to the RMO value at the mouse location in semblance window.
" Semblance Plot: Turn on or off the RMO semblance window.
" Gather Animation: Turn on or off the Gather Animation window. This window is a screen
swap animation that animates as the mouse tracks in the semblance window. Each frame of the
animation is a picture of the gathers that has RMO applied. The amount of RMO applied in each frame
corresponds to the RMO value at the mouse location in semblance window.
" Current Gathers: Turn on or off the Current Gathers window. The Current Gathers window
shows the gathers with the picked RMO function applied.
View menu
The view menu commands change the display characteristics of the displayed windows.
" Edit Trace Colormap
" Edit Semblance Colormap
Options menu
" Higher Order Moveout: You can analyze and pick first and second order non-hyperbolic
moveout. In this case, the semblance will be a function of the selected moveout equation with the other
moveout functions fixed.
" Change Gather Type: Select to display symmetrical split spreads or singled ended spreads. "
Reverse Data Orientation: Change the direction from left to right, to right to left.
" Change Parameters: Open a dialogue box to change several different parameters. You can
slide the slider or manually type in new parameter values. You cannot type in a number that is outside
the range of values around the slider bar.
Window half width: Enter the vertical amount of data above and below the chosen horizon. Units are
same as the dataset. 200 is a reasonable value for depth data in m.
CDP smash: Enter the sequential number of CDPs on either side of a center CDP to stack together to
create supergathers. Stacking is preformed along the dip of the horizon. See above in the Parameter
Section for more description.
Offset bin size: Enter value to bin offsets. Enter 0.0 for no binning. Bin size should be less that 1/10 of
the total offset. This parameter may be changed once the program is executed. See above in the
Parameter Section for more description.
RMO range: Enter the maximum RMO for the semblance window. Use this to expand or contract the
range. This value is similar to Maximum data moveout. This value is consistent with the values used on
the RMO axis for the semblance window.
Semblance sampling: Enter the number of points for sampling the semblance. A larger value is more
accurate but more expensive.
Note: The number of animations seen in each animation window is directly proportional to this value.
The higher the semblance sampling, the more animations.
" Change Horizon Tomography Parameters: Change the weighting and position constraints for
the horizon you are analyzing in the following dialogue.
Customizing the User Interface
The default resource file /advance/port/lib/X11/app-defaults/ IHVA contains a sample set of resources.
Note: The exact path of this file depends on your installation. The resources in this file are used to
configure the screen size, colors, and fonts of various objects in Trace Display.
You must add a path to your XFILESEARCHPATH environment variable. A typical setting for this
environment variable might be:
There are a number of ways to customize the resource settings:
" Your system administrator can edit the default resource file.
" You can copy the default resource file into your own directory, edit the file, and add that
directory to XFILESEARCHPATH.
" You can copy the default resource file to your $HOME directory and edit it. " You can copy
the resources into [Link] file, and add the word IHVA to the beginning of each resource name.
For example, the default resource file contains a line that looks like:
*geometry: 2000x2000
This line will start up using the full screen. To start up using an 800 by 600 pixel window, place the
following line in your .Xdefaults file: IHVA
geometry: 800x600
For a more detailed discussion of customizing ProMAX applications, please refer to the System
Administration guide.