Scribd
Upload
15 views2 pages

Understanding Irreversible Head Loss

The document outlines various engineering problems related to fluid mechanics, including irreversible head loss, discharge velocities from valves, and the efficiency of an oil pump. It also discusses a potential business opportunity for an entrepreneur to generate revenue by utilizing a pump-turbine system that leverages price differences in electric power during day and night. Key calculations involve determining discharge rates, mechanical efficiency, and potential annual revenue from the system.

Uploaded by

ginny
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views2 pages

Understanding Irreversible Head Loss

The document outlines various engineering problems related to fluid mechanics, including irreversible head loss, discharge velocities from valves, and the efficiency of an oil pump. It also discusses a potential business opportunity for an entrepreneur to generate revenue by utilizing a pump-turbine system that leverages price differences in electric power during day and night. Key calculations involve determining discharge rates, mechanical efficiency, and potential annual revenue from the system.

Uploaded by

ginny
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial Week 10

1. What is irreversible head loss? How is it related to the mechanical energy loss?

2. A 5-m-high tank filled with water has a discharge valve near the bottom and
another near the top. (a) If these two valves are opened, will there be any
difference between the discharge velocities of the two water streams? (b) If a
hose whose discharge end is left open on the ground is first connected to the
lower valve and then to the higher valve, will there be any difference between the
discharge rates of water for the two cases? Disregard any frictional effects.

3. An oil pump is drawing 25 kW of electric power while pumping oil with ρ = 860
kg/m3 at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. The inlet and outlet diameters of the pipe are 8 cm
and 12 cm, respectively. If the pressure rise of oil in the pump is measured to be
250 kPa and the motor efficiency is 90 percent, determine the mechanical
efficiency of the pump. Take the kinetic energy correction factor to be 1.05.
4. A 5-m-high large tank is initially filled with water. The tank water surface is open
to the atmosphere, and a sharp-edged 10-cm-diameter orifice at the bottom
drains to the atmosphere through a horizontal 80-m-long pipe. If the total
irreversible head loss of the system is determined to be 0.3 m, determine the
initial velocity of the water from the tank. The kinetic energy correction factor, α =
1.2.

5. The demand for electric power is usually much higher during the day than it is at
night, and utility companies often sell power at night at much lower prices to
encourage consumers to use the available power generation capacity and to
avoid building new expensive power plants that will be used only a short time
during peak periods. Utilities are also willing to purchase power produced during
the day from private parties at a high price.
Suppose a utility company is selling electric power for $0.06/kWh at night and is
willing to pay $0.13/kWh for power produced during the day. To take advantage
of this opportunity, an entrepreneur is considering building a large reservoir 50 m
above the lake level, pumping water from the lake to the reservoir at night using
cheap power, and letting the water flow from the reservoir back to the lake during
the day, producing power as the pump–motor operates as a turbine–generator
during reverse flow. Preliminary analysis shows that a water flow rate of 2 m 3/s
can be used in either direction, and the irreversible head loss of the piping
system is 4 m. The combined pump–motor and turbine–generator efficiencies are
expected to be 75 percent each. Assuming the system operates for 10 h each in
the pump and turbine modes during a typical day, determine the potential
revenue this pump–turbine system can generate per year.

You might also like