Physics MPT00403
Chapter 7: Temperature
UMK Physics C7 Name M25H0999 UMK Physics C7 Name M25H0999
T7a T7d
T7b
T7e
T7c
Today’s HEAT is high
Today’s TEMPERATURE is high
Heat, a form or energy, refers to the amount of
energy in an object, measuring the in TOTAL
kinetic energy contained by the molecules in that
object, unit in Joule or Calories.
Temperature refers to the intensity of heat,
measuring the AVERAGE kinetic energy of
molecules in a substance.
Units : degrees Celsius (°C), Kelvin (K), or
Fahrenheit (°F)
Heat Transfer Mechanisms
Heat is transferred from one object to
another due to differences in temperature,
in one of three ways: Convection,
Conduction, Radiation.
Conduction - energy is
Convection occurs when transferred as heat from a
temperature differences cause an reservoir at temperature TH to
energy transfer by motion within a cooler reservoir at
a fluid. temperature TC through a
medium with thermal
conductivity k
Radiation is an energy
transfer via the emission of
electromagnetic energy.
How do you describe the Fire Ball?
A 6 years old kid : “Wow, it’s so hot!”
A 20 years old Malaysian : “ Wow, it’s
700oC!”
A 20 years old American : “Wow, it’s
1292oF!”
A scientist : “Wow, it’s 973.15K!”
T7a Write down formula to convert K to oC, oC to
oF, K to oF. Then find K, oF, oC of the naturally
COLDEST place in the universe and on earth
(write the names and draw the places).
10 minutes
+5000 J
5000 J
Temperature from 30o to 85o
5000 J
+5000 J
Temperature from 30o to 30.000001o
Relationship between Heat and
Temperature
Q = mcΔT
= mc(Tfinal – Tinitial)
Q = heat energy, J
m = mass of the object, kg
c = specific heat capacity, amount of heat needed to increase 1 kg of object at
1 K, J / (kg·K), higher c = more energy needed to increase temperature
ΔT = change in temperature, K
T7b Calculate the temperature increase of 100
kg of brake material made from Asbestos, when
a 10,000 kg truck descending 75.0 m (in vertical
displacement, 91.9oC). Egravity = Qheat, refer
[Link]/7heatspecific
Egravity = mgh
Qheat = mc(Tfinal – Tinitial)
5 minutes
Thermal Expansion
All objects change size with changes in temperature
Linear Expansion
(normally solid)
ΔL = LαΔT
= Lα(Tfinal – Tinitial)
ΔL = changes of object length, m
L = initial object length, m
α = coefficient of linear expansion, 1/K or 1/oC
ΔT = change in temperature, K or oC
[Link]
T7c A brass rod exactly 100 cm long at 15°C is
heated in a steam jacket and the resulting increase
in length is found to be 0.16 cm. If the temperature
of the steam is 99°C, what is the coefficient of
linear expansion of brass?
Increase in length = Lo × α × t = 0.16 cm,
original length (Lo) = 100 cm,
rise in temperature (t) = 99 – 15 = 84°C.
Hence, 0.16 = 100 × α × 84,
so that α = 0.000019 per °C.
5 minutes
Volume Expansion
(normally liquid)
ΔV = VβΔT
= Vβ(Tfinal – Tinitial)
= V3α(Tfinal – Tinitial)
ΔV = changes of object volume, m3
V = initial object volume, m3
β = coefficient of volume expansion, 1/K or 1/oC
ΔT = change in temperature, K or oC
[Link]
T7d Prompt ChatGPT “If you ask Superman, eye
laser heat up from 25oC to 30oC, EITHER 10kg of
honey or 10kg of water, which is easier? Then find
volume expansion of honey and water.”
(if ChatGPT ask to give volume, so you ask 10kg
of water at 25oC is how many liters)
Answer : honey. Water volume expansion (10kg = 10L) is 0.01L, honey volume expansion (10kg = 7.2L) is
0.01785L.
10 minutes
T7e Prompt Gemini or ChatGPT or Deepseek: I am building a new house
in Malaysia. I want to implement the ideas from
[Link] to cool my new house.
Kindly list 4 ideas, explain each idea and suggest each idea can reduce indoor
temperatures by how many Celsius. Copy at [Link]/7youtubecool
Your task is to draw the new house and arrow the 4 ideas + short explain +
reduce oCn implement to my new house at Malaysia weather
10 minutes
Chapter 7: Temperature
7.1 Temperature and heat
7.2 Zeroth law of thermodynamics
7.3 Temperature scale
7.4 The laws of gas and equation of state
7.4.1 Boyle’s law
7.4.2 Charles’s law
7.4.3 Equation of ideal gas conditions