Quirino State University
Cabarroguis Campus
BACHELOR OF ARTS IN ENGLISH
LANGUAGE STUDIES
FOREIGN LANGUAGE
KOREAN
Midterm
Second Semester
A.Y. 2024-2025
Prepared by:
LESLIE G. DISCIPULO, MAED
Course Facilitator
Module 4 - Likes and Dislikes
MODULE 4: Likes and Dislikes
Module Focus:
►Discussing Likes and Dislikes
1. Styles of Speech
2. Word Order
3. Yes/No Questions
4. Saying ‘Yes’ and ‘No’
5. Vocabulary: Food 음식
6. Negative Questions
7. Spaces Between Words
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
Make simple statements to express likes and dislikes.
Communicate yes/no questions.
Use vocabolaries learned in creating sentences.
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Situation Dialogue 1
Minjun’s Korean friend Hyeonu is picking him up at the Melbourne Airport.
현우: 민준아, 여기야.
민준: 어, 그래.
야, 오랜만이다.
잘 지냈어?
현우: 그럼, 잘 지내지.
근데, 너 안 피곤해?
민준: 괜찮아.
현우: 가방 줘.
민준: 아냐, 안 무거워
Romanisation and Translation
Hyeonu: Minjuna, yeogiya. Hey Minjun, over here!
Minjun: Eo, geurae. Oh, right.
Ya, oraenmanida. Hey, it’s been a while.
Jal jinaesseo? Been well?
Hyeonu: Geureom, jal jinaeji. Sure, doing well.
Geunde, neo an pigonhae? Hey, aren’t you tired?
(Lit. By the way, aren’t you tired?)
Minjun: Gwaenchana. I’m alright.
Hyeonu: Gabang jwo. Give us your bag.
(Lit. Give me the bag.)
Minjun: Anya, an mugeowo. Nah, it’s okay (Lit. It’s not heavy).
Vocabulary
+{아/야} casual ending for addressing a person with their first name.
+아 is used when the person’s name ends in a consonant (eg. 민준아) and+야 is used for a vowel
(eg. 현우야).
여기 here
어 yeah; yep; oh (casual)
야 hey (casual)
그래 yeah; okay; alright;
오랜만이다 long time no see
잘 지냈어 have been well
그럼 of course; then
잘 지내지 am doing well
근데 by the way; but
너 you
안 not
피곤해 tired
괜찮아 fine; alright; okay
가방 bag
줘 give
아냐 nope; nah (casual) (Lit. It’s not.)
무거워 heavy
Note: At this stage you do not need to understand all the grammar presented
in the situation dialogues. It will be helpful to just memorise the expressions
even though you may not understand how they are constructed
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grammatically.
Styles of Speech
You have seen that Korean has different styles of speech depending on the relationship between the speakers. The four
most commonly used are:
1) 커피 좋아하십니까? (honorific, formal)
2) 커피 좋아하세요? (honorific, informal)
3) 커피 좋아해요? (polite, informal)
4) 커피 좋아해 (casual)
Styles (1) and (2) are honorific, and are used when you need to be polite and show a
certain level of respect towards the listener due to their age, status and so on. A typical
situation would be a student talking to their teacher. You will find that style (1), which is
also formal, is often used in business settings.
Style (3) is polite and informal. This is usually used when you talk quite informally to
people you do not know very well and whose age and/or status is similar to or below
you. You can also use it to speak to people whom you feel close to, but they are older
than you and/or their social status is higher than that of yours (e.g, a uni friend who is a
few years older than you).
Style (4) is used among close friends or when you speak to your siblings, in particular,
younger family members. Also, depending on how strict their family upbringing is, some
children may also use Style (4) with their parents instead of Styles (2) or (3). The
different styles of speech used by Koreans are actually quite complex, and it is not
uncommon for people to mix the different styles of speech while talking to the same
person, depending on the context and their relationship.
Korean verbs consist of a stem which carries the basic meaning ‘좋아하-’ (like),
and an ending such as +십니까 as in (1), +세요 as in (2), and so on, which carries a
grammatical function (past/present/future, or politeness levels, or
statement/question/request etc.).
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Situation Dialogue 2
Hyeonu is showing Minjun around Melbourne and it is about lunch time.
현우: 배 안 고파?
민준: 어... 약간.
현우: 점심 뭐 먹을래? 피자 좋아해?
민준: 피자？ 그럼.
현우: 그럼, 우리 피자 먹자
Romanisation and Translation
Hyeonu: Bae an gopa? You hungry?
(Lit. Aren’t you hungry?)
Minjun: Eo... yakgan. Yeah, a bit.
Hyeonu: Jeomsim mwo meogeullae? Whaddaya want for lunch?
Pija joahae? Pizza ok? (Lit. You like pizza?)
Minjun: Pija? Geureom. Pizza? Sure!
Hyeonu: Geureom, uri pija meokja. Pizza, it is then. (Lit. Then let’s eat pizza.)
Vocabulary
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배고파 hungry 뭐 what
안 not 피자 pizza
어 yeah; oh 좋아해 like
약간 a little; a bit 우리 we; us
그럼 then; of course 먹자 let’s eat
점심 lunch
뭐 먹을래 What do you wanna eat?
Word Order
Every language has a structure. Look at the examples below:
a) I like pizza.
(Subject) (Verb) (Object)
b) I pizza like.
(Subject) (Object) (Verb)
The obvious difference between the two sentences above is the order of the words. Why
don’t people say sentence (b)? It’s because English sentences follow a basic ‘Subject-
Verb- Object’ pattern as in (a). In comparison, the basic Korean pattern is ‘Subject-
Object-Verb’ as in (b). In Korean, the verb always comes at the end of the sentence.
Here are the Korean counterparts of ‘I’, ‘like’, and ‘pizza’:
I like pizza.
나 좋아해 피자
Now, let’s say ‘I like pizza’ in Korean. 난 (Subject) comes first, and then 피자 (Object)
second, and
좋아해요 (Verb) last. Therefore, ‘I like pizza’ in Korean is:
1) 나 피자 좋아해.
I pizza like
You might think that you have learnt only one sentence, ‘나 피자 좋아해’. However, if we
replace 피자 with other words, such as 로버트 (Robert), 커피 (coffee) or 아이스크림 (ice cream) – just
a few of the words that you have learnt so far – you can actually make many Korean
sentences:
2) 나 로버트 좋아해.
3) 나 커피 좋아해.
4) 나 아이스크림 좋아해
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Before we go on any further, we have to learn one more thing about the sentence
pattern above. When we talk about ourselves, we usually add a topic particle +는 to 나 (I)
or 우리 (we). Therefore, sentences (1) - (4) could be changed as follows:
5) 나는 피자 좋아해.
로버트
커피
아이스크림
You will learn more about the topic particle, +{은/는} in later modules..
Yes/No Questions
In the previous section we learnt how to make a simple statement such as ‘나는 피자 좋아해’.
Turning this into a question is quite simple. You just say ‘피자 좋아해?’ with a rising
intonation.
So if a sentence has a rising intonation at the end, it becomes a question:
(Do you) like pizza?
And if it has a falling intonation, it becomes a statement:
I like pizza.
You may be asking what has happened to the pronoun ‘you’ in the question form. As
mentioned in module 1 ‘Introducing Yourself’, the equivalent Korean pronouns of ‘I’,
‘you’, ‘he/she’, ‘it’ and ‘they’ are normally omitted when it is obvious in context to whom
or what you are referring. In particular, the Korean pronoun for ‘you’ is hardly ever used,
unless the speaker and the listener are very close. To use it in any other situation can be
very insulting to the listener. The most common strategy when you are addressing
someone is either to omit the subject altogether, or to use the person’s name instead.
For example:
(1) (너) 피자 좋아해? (Do you) like pizza? (Casual)
(2) 로버트, 피자 좋아해? Robert, do you like pizza? (Casual)
Saying ‘Yes’ and ‘No’
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Now, let’s learn how to say ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to the above question: 피자 좋아해?
Casual Polite
Yes 어 or 응 네
No 아니 아니요
If you like pizza, you can simply say 어 (yes). Alternatively, you can say 어 and then repeat
the verb 좋아해 as in the dialogue below. In English, we can add ‘I do’ as in ‘Yes, I do’. But
in Korean, you simply repeat the verb.
(1) Friend 1: 피자 좋아해? Do you like pizza?
Friend 2: 어, 좋아해. Yes, I do.
If you don’t like pizza, you can just say 아니 (no) to your friend. You can also add the verb,
but in this case you need to use the negative form of the verb (just as in English you say
‘No, I don’t.’), which you can make by putting the negative word 안 (not) before the verb
좋아해. Refer to the dialogue below:
(3) Friend 1: 피자 좋아해? Do you like pizza?
Friend 2: 아니, 안 좋아해. Hmm… Not really. (Lit. As for
me, not particularly).
In Korean, it is generally considered impolite to say ‘no’ directly. Instead, you would
normally give an excuse or a reason, without actually saying 아니 (no).
Vocabulary: Food 음식
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Task 1: Word Check
Select the odd one out in each row of words below. The first one has been done for you.
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Task 2: Word Check
Match the list of items with where you can buy them. The first one is done for you.
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Situation Dialogue 3
Hyeonu and Minjun go to a pizza shop.
현우: 들어가자.
Minjun sees Hyeonu eating olives.
민준: 너 올리브 좋아해?
현우: 응, 왜? 넌 싫어?
민준: 어. 난 별로야
Romanisation and Translation
Hyeonu: Deureogaja. Let’s go in.
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(Minjun sees Hyeonu eating olives.)
Minjun: Neo ollibeu joahae? You like olives?
Hyeonu: Eung, wae? Neon sireo? Yep, why? Don’t you like‘em?
(Lit. You dislike them?)
Minjun: Eo. Nan byeolloya. Nah (Lit. Yeah).
Not really (Lit. As for me, not particularly)
Vocabulary
들어가자 Let’s go in 넌 [너+ㄴ] you
너 you 싫어 dislike
올리브 olive(s) 왜 why
좋아해 like 난 [나+ㄴ] I
응/어 yeah; yep 별로야 not really
Negative Questions
When asking questions, Korean people use the negative form very often. For example, in Situation Dialogue 2,
“배 안 고파?” (Are you not hungry?) is used, whereas in English we would normally ask, “Are you hungry?” (
배고파?). When Koreans use negative questions, you should still think of the question as if it were not in the
negative form. Negative questions are often used because they are considered to be ‘indirect’ and therefore less
confronting. Using negative questions – rather than positive ones – will often make your Korean sound more
natural in many situations.
One aspect of negative questions that can be very confusing to non-native speakers of Korean is that when
answering, the opposite occurs from what happens in English. For instance, if someone asks you in English,
“Aren’t you hungry?” and you are feeling full, you respond by saying “No, I’m not hungry”. However, in
Korean you would reply with “Yes, I’m not hungry (어, 배 안 고파).” because you are agreeing with the negation,
i.e. agreeing that you are indeed not hungry. On the other hand, if you are hungry, then you would reply with
“No, I’m hungry (아니, 배고파).” which may sound very strange in English, but it is the correct and natural way to
respond in Korean.
If you are still confused about how to respond to a negative question in Korean, one good strategy is to just
answer the question with a straight statement, without the ‘yes’ or ‘no’. For example, “배 안 고파 (I’m not
hungry)”.
Spaces Between Words
As in English, there are spaces between words in Korean sentences. The difference is,
postpositional words (what are ‘prepositions’ in English) and sentence endings in Korean
are attached to the end of the word, without a space in between. Therefore, when we
type or write in Korean we need to leave a space after each word unless they have a
postposition or sentence ending attached to it:
(1) 나 피자 좋아해. I like pizza.
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(2) 나피자좋아해. Ilikepizza.
(3) 나 피 자 좋 아 해. I l i k e p i z z a.
As you can see above, sentences are harder to read with no spaces between the words.
The spacing is made more obvious on the hand writing sheet shown below. (나 피자 좋아해. 너도
피자 좋아해
Task 3: 피자 좋아해?
Ask your classmates if they like the food below.
[대화 보기 Example Dialogue]
A: 피자 좋아해?
B: 응, (아주) 좋아해.
A: 샌드위치는?
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B: (별로) 안 좋아해
Task 4: Writing
You are being asked about what food you like and dislike. Write your answers to the
following questions according to the preferences provided below. Use the examples 1, 2
and 7 as a model. Answer in polite speech style.
• You like a lot: apple, coffee, beef.
• You like: pear, milk, lamb, wine.
• You don’t like very much: pork, fish, beer.
1. 배 좋아하세요? 네, 좋아해요.
2. 사과는요? 아주 좋아해요.
3. 우유 좋아하세요? ____________
4. 커피는요? ____________
5. 양고기 좋아하세요? ____________
6. 소고기는요? ____________
7. 돼지고기 좋아하세요? 별로 안 좋아해요.
8. 생선은요? ____________
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9. 포도주 좋아하세요? ____________
10. 맥주는요? ____________
Task 5: Listening
☞ 문형 (EXPONENT)
(A) 좋아해요? Do you like (A)?
네, (A) 좋아해요. Yes, I like (A).
아니오, (A) 안 좋아해요.
☞ 필수 어휘 (ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY)
아이 child 네 yes 아니요 no
좋아해요 like 안 not 그럼 then
피자 pizza 아주 very much 스파게티 spaghetti
햄버거 hamburger 불고기 Korean beef barbecue
김치 Kimchi(pickled Korean cabbage)
짜장면 Korean version of Hokkiean mee noodle
You will hear a teacher asking what sort of food Korean children like these days. Put a
mark 'O' next to the food they like and a mark 'X' next to the food they do not like.
Ready? Listen!
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