Chemistry Previous Questions – Solved
(From Dr. Viraf J. Dalal’s Objective Workbook – Page 159)
2012
I. Give the correct statement – with the missing words:
Aqua regia contains one part by volume of nitric acid and three parts by volume of
hydrochloric acid.
Answer: Aqua regia = 1 part HNO₃ + 3 parts HCl.
II. Give reason – Hydrogen chloride gas cannot be dried over quick lime.
Answer: Because quick lime (CaO) is alkaline and reacts with acidic HCl gas.
III. Give balanced equation – Concentrated hydrochloric acid & potassium permanganate
solution.
Answer: 2KMnO₄ + 16HCl → 2MnCl₂ + 5Cl₂ + 8H₂O + 2KCl
IV. Give balanced equations – for the following conversions:
A: Hydrogen chloride → Hydrogen
B: Hydrogen chloride → Lead chloride
Answers:
A: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
B: Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2HCl → PbCl₂ + 2HNO₃
2013
V. Name the gas evolved when:
i) Potassium sulphite is treated with dil. HCl – SO₂ (sulphur dioxide)
ii) Concentrated hydrochloric acid is made to react with manganese dioxide – Cl₂ (chlorine)
iii) A few drops of HCl are added to AgNO₃ soln., followed by addition of NH₄OH soln. – White
ppt of AgCl dissolves in NH₄OH.
2014
VI. Fill in the blank from the choices:
Quicklime is used to dry HCl gas → CaO is alkaline
VII. Write balanced equation – Action of dilute HCl on sodium sulphite:
Answer: Na₂SO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + SO₂ + H₂O
VIII. State your observation – Dilute HCl is added to sodium carbonate crystals:
Answer: Effervescence is observed due to the evolution of CO₂ gas.
IX. State the figure alongside demonstrates:
Answer: HCl gas turns moist blue litmus paper red – proving it is acidic.
X. Name the gas which turns moist blue litmus paper red:
Answer: Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
2015
XI. Select from the gases – Ammonia, ethane, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulphide, ethyne:
i) The gas which produces white dense fumes with ammonia – Hydrogen chloride
ii) The gas that gives white precipitate with AgNO₃ – Hydrogen chloride
XII. Write the equation – for its lab preparation – from sodium chloride and concentrated sulfuric
acid:
Answer: NaCl + H₂SO₄ → NaHSO₄ + HCl ↑
2016
XIII. State a safety precaution – in the preparation of hydrogen chloride gas:
Answer: The apparatus must be completely dry; moisture can cause the gas to dissolve
prematurely.
XIV. Fill in the blank – HCl turns blue litmus...
Answer: Red
XV. State one relevant observation – Action of dilute hydrochloric acid on iron(II) sulphide:
Answer: Rotten egg smell is observed due to release of hydrogen sulphide gas (H₂S).
XVI. Write a balanced chemical equation – Action of HCl on lead nitrate solution:
Answer: Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2HCl → PbCl₂ + 2HNO₃
XVII. State your observations:
i) Lead nitrate solution + dilute HCl + heat – White precipitate of PbCl₂ forms
ii) Copper carbonate + dilute HCl – Effervescence due to CO₂ gas
iii) Sodium sulphite + dilute HCl – Pungent smelling SO₂ gas is evolved
2017
XVIII. Fill in the blanks – Potassium sulphite reacting with dilute HCl releases...
Answer: SO₂ gas
XIX. Identify the substance underlined – a solid formed by the reaction of two gases – one
acidic, one basic:
Answer: Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl)
XX. State one relevant observation – Action of dilute HCl on iron(II) sulphide:
Answer: Evolution of rotten egg smelling hydrogen sulphide gas.
XXI. Identify A & B in the table:
Lab Reactants Used Products Drying Agent Method of
Preparation of Formed Collection
HCl gas
NaCl + H₂SO₄ HCl + NaHSO₄ Conc. H₂SO₄ Upward
displacement of
air
2018
XXII. Write a balanced chemical equation – Action of dilute HCl on magnesium sulphite:
Answer: MgSO₃ + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + SO₂ + H₂O
XXIII. State one observation – Lead nitrate + dilute HCl + heat:
Answer: White precipitate of lead(II) chloride forms.
XXIV. Name the gas produced during the action of dilute HCl on sodium sulphide:
Answer: Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S)
XXV. Fill in the blank – Hydrogen chloride gas is collected by...
Answer: Upward displacement of air
XXVI. Answer the following – in preparation of hydrogen chloride gas:
i) Name the acid used – Concentrated sulphuric acid
ii) Why this acid? – It is non-volatile and has high affinity for water.
XXVII. Write a balanced chemical equation – Laboratory preparation of HCl gas:
Answer: NaCl + H₂SO₄ → NaHSO₄ + HCl
XXVIII. State the following:
i) Why direct absorption of HCl gas in water is not feasible – It forms a fog of acid mist and
gets absorbed rapidly.
ii) What arrangement is used – A funnel with the stem just above water surface (inverted
funnel method).
Great! Here are the **new solved questions** from the page you just sent, continuing with
**Roman numeral numbering** starting from **XXIX**, and **excluding** questions that
were already answered before.
**Years: 2019–2024**
#### **2019**
**XXIX.** *Choose the correct answer – The drying agent used to dry HCl gas is:*
**Answer:** D: CaO (Calcium oxide)
**XXX.** *Fill in the blanks – when sodium chloride is heated with conc. sulfuric acid
below 200°C, one of the products formed is:*
**Answer:** Hydrogen chloride
**XXXI.** *State one observation – A small piece of zinc is added to dilute hydrochloric
acid:*
**Answer:** Effervescence is observed due to the evolution of hydrogen gas.
---
#### **2020**
**XXXII.** *State one relevant reason for – Hydrogen chloride gas fumes in moist air:*
**Answer:** Because it is highly soluble in water and forms tiny droplets of hydrochloric
acid with moisture in air.
**XXXIII.** *Select the correct answer – The indicator which does not change colour on
passage of HCl gas is:*
**Answer:** Methyl orange
**XXXIV.** *The acid which cannot act as an oxidising agent in the lab using conc. H₂SO₄
and NaCl:*
**Answer:** Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
**XXXV.** *Answer the questions – HCl gas is prepared in the lab:*
i) *Give the balanced chemical equation:*
**Answer:** NaCl + H₂SO₄ → NaHSO₄ + HCl ↑
ii) *State why – concentrated sulphuric acid is used instead of nitric acid:*
**Answer:** Because nitric acid is volatile and would evaporate, whereas H₂SO₄ is
non-volatile.
iii) *How is the gas collected?*
**Answer:** By upward displacement of air (since it is denser than air).
iv) *Name the drying agent:*
**Answer:** Concentrated sulphuric acid.
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#### **2021–22**
**XXXVI.** *Choose the correct answer – Hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over
water as it is:*
**Answer:** A: Highly soluble in water.
**XXXVII.** *The metallic oxide which reacts with HCl and forms salt & water:*
**Answer:** B: Zinc oxide
**XXXVIII.** *Identify the term – the experiment used to demonstrate the high solubility of
HCl gas:*
**Answer:** Fountain experiment
**XXXIX.** *Write the balanced chemical equation – Action of heat on manganese dioxide
& conc. HCl:*
**Answer:** MnO₂ + 4HCl → MnCl₂ + Cl₂ + 2H₂O
**XL.** *Zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride:*
**Answer:** Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
---
#### **2023**
**XLI.** *Choose the correct answer – In lab preparation, HCl gas is dried by passing
through:*
**Answer:** ii) Conc. sulphuric acid
**XLII.** *Fill in the blank – Silver chloride / Lead chloride gives a white precipitate that is
soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide solution:*
**Answer:** Silver chloride
**XLIII.** *State a relevant reason – Hydrogen chloride gas cannot be dried over quick
lime:*
**Answer:** Because quick lime is alkaline and reacts with acidic HCl gas.
**XLIV.** *Choose the correct answer – The compound that will produce SO₂ gas on
reaction with dil. HCl is:*
**Answer:** Sodium sulphite
**XLV.** *Write a balanced chemical equation – Ferrous sulphide + HCl → Hydrogen
sulphide:*
**Answer:** FeS + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂S
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#### **2024**
**XLVI.** *Identify the gas evolved in the following reaction – MnO₂ reacts with conc. HCl:*
**Answer:** Chlorine gas (Cl₂)
**XLVII.** *Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory:*
a) *Give a balanced chemical equation:*
**Answer:** NaCl + H₂SO₄ → NaHSO₄ + HCl
b) *State the method of collection:*
**Answer:** Upward displacement of air
c) *What is the property of sulphuric acid that makes it a suitable reagent?*
**Answer:** It is non-volatile and acts as a dehydrating agent.