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Essential Life Processes Explained

Life processes are essential functions in living organisms, including nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. Nutrition can be autotrophic, where organisms like plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, or heterotrophic, where animals and fungi rely on others for food. Multicellular organisms have specialized systems for transport and excretion to efficiently manage these life processes.

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21 views7 pages

Essential Life Processes Explained

Life processes are essential functions in living organisms, including nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. Nutrition can be autotrophic, where organisms like plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, or heterotrophic, where animals and fungi rely on others for food. Multicellular organisms have specialized systems for transport and excretion to efficiently manage these life processes.

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dhruviminat250
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LIFE PROCESSES - NOTES & QUESTIONS

1. What are Life Processes?

Life processes are the basic processes in living organisms which are necessary for maintaining their

life. These include:

- Nutrition

- Respiration

- Transportation

- Excretion

2. Nutrition

Organisms need energy for various activities. This energy is obtained from food. There are two main

modes of nutrition:

- Autotrophic Nutrition: Found in green plants. Organisms prepare their own food using sunlight

(photosynthesis).

- Heterotrophic Nutrition: Found in animals and fungi. Organisms depend on other organisms for

food.

3. Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their food using carbon dioxide, water,

and sunlight in the presence of chlorophyll.

Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O --(sunlight & chlorophyll)--> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Steps involved:

- Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.

- Conversion of light energy to chemical energy.

- Splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen.


- Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.

4. Activities:

Activity 5.1 - Demonstrates that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis using variegated leaves.

Activity 5.2 - Demonstrates that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis using potted plants kept in

light and dark.

5. Importance of Nutrition

All organisms require food for energy to perform various functions like growth, repair, and

maintenance. In unicellular organisms, diffusion is sufficient for nutrient intake. In multicellular

organisms, specialized systems are developed.

6. Transport and Excretion

- Transport: In multicellular organisms, a transport system is developed to carry food, water, and

oxygen to different parts of the body.

- Excretion: Waste removal is necessary for survival. Organisms develop excretory systems to

eliminate harmful wastes.

Design in multi-cellular organisms allows for specialized systems for each life process to function

efficiently.

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