CITY OF LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

CHAPTER 3

PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)

ARTICLE TITLE

3.00 GENERAL 301

3.01 MATERIALS 301

A. CEMENT 301
B. INTER-GROUND/BLENDED PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC) 301
C. AGGREGATE 302
D. WATER 306

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
E. CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES 306

3.02 HANDLING MATERIALS 308

3.03 WEIGHING & MIXING 308

A. CENTRAL BATCH PLANT 308
B. SELF-CONTAINED MOBILE MIXER 308

3.04 CONSISTENCY AND PLACEMENT OF CONCRETE 309

3.05 CONCRETE ACCEPTANCE 310

3.06 FLOWABLE FILL 310

A. DESCRIPTION 310
B. MATERIALS 310
C. BASIS OF PAYMENT 311

3.07 HOT/COLD WEATHER CONSTRUCTION 312

A. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION – HOT WEATHER 312
B. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION – COLD WEATHER 313

TABLE TITLE

3.01A GRADATION LIMITS FOR MINERAL AGGREGATES FOR

USE IN PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (% Passing) 305

3.01B PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE MIXTURES (CUBIC YARD BATCH) 307

3.06A FLOWABLE FILL COMPOSITION PER CUBIC YARD 310

2023 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 300

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
 CHAPTER 3

PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

3.00 GENERAL

Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) shall consist of an intimate mixture of Portland Cement,
aggregate, and water. All Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) shall be air entrained and contain a
City Engineer approved water reducing admixture at the manufacturers recommended dosage rate.
Portland Cement used in all concrete mixtures except L-5500, LB-3500, LB-2750 and PR shall be
an Inter-ground/Blended cement as described below and as indicated in Table 3.01 B. Depending
on the application, other constituents or admixtures may be used with permission from the City
Engineer. Materials not on the latest edition of the Nebraska Department of Transportation
(NDOT) “Approved Products List” or “Nebraska Qualified Material Vendors List” shall not be
used without permission from the City Engineer. The constituents of Portland Cement Concrete
and their mixing, handling, and proportioning shall conform to ASTM Designation C 94 except as

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
modified herein.

Unless stated otherwise in these specifications Concrete not meeting the 28 day required strength
based on cylinders or maturity method as determined by the Engineer shall be removed and
replaced at no extra cost to the City. Unless stated otherwise the Engineer may evaluate the
concrete’s expected use and may allow it to remain in place at 50% pay.

3.01 MATERIALS

A. CEMENT

Portland Cement shall be a recognized standard hydraulic cement composed primarily of

hydraulic calcium silicates conforming to the requirements of ASTM Designation C 150 for
Type I, II, or III cement and shall contain no more than 0.60% equivalent alkali. Equivalent
alkali is defined as the sum of the sodium oxide (Na2O) and the potassium oxide (K2O)
calculated as sodium oxide (equivalent alkali as Na2O = Na2O + 0.658(K2O)). Certified mill
tests shall be furnished to the City’s Project Manager. Different brands of cement, or the same
brand from different mills, shall not be mixed during storage. Neither shall they be used
alternately in any one concrete placement without permission from the City Engineer.
Contractors or Subcontractors supplying concrete shall notify the City’s Project Manager when
changing to different cement. No additional supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs)
may be added at the concrete plant.

The cement shall be protected from damage due to moisture. Cement so damaged will be
rejected. Cement shall not be in storage at the concrete plant longer than ninety (90) days
without retesting for quality testing by a facility approved by the City Engineer. The
temperature of the cement when used shall be less than 180° F.

B. INTER-GROUND/BLENDED PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)

All Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) mixes, except those listed above shall be modified by the
use of an Inter-ground/Blended cement and shall conform to the requirements in ASTM C595
and the following requirements as specified below.

1. Type IL Cement

Type IL cement shall be a Portland-limestone cement which is pre-blended or inter-ground

by the cement manufacture and conforming to the requirements of ASTM C 595. No
additional SCMs may be added at the concrete plant.

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CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.01 MATERIALS (Continued)

B. INTER-GROUND/BLENDED PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC) (Continued)

2. Type IPF Cement

Type IPF cement shall be Portland cement which is pre-blended or inter-ground by the
cement manufacturer with a replacement of 25% +/- 2% Class F fly ash and shall
conform to the requirements of ASTM C 595. No additional SCMs may be added at
the concrete plant.

Fly ash shall conform to the requirements of Class F pozzolan of ASTM Designation
C 618, except that the maximum loss on ignition for Class F pozzolan shall be 6.0%.
Additionally, Class F pozzolans shall have a maximum allowable free carbon content
not to exceed 3.0%. Class F fly ash shall not contain more than 1.50% of available
alkalis as Na2O. Fly ash such as is produced in furnace operations utilizing liming

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
materials or soda ash (sodium carbonate) as an additive will not be acceptable.
Certified mill tests shall be provided to the City’s Project Manager.

Type IPF may be further modified by a NDOT approved tertiary blend of cementitious
materials provided they are incorporated into the final inter-ground/blended cement by
the cement manufacturer.

3. Type IS Cement

Type IS cement shall be Portland cement which is pre-blended or inter-ground by the

cement manufacturer with a replacement of 35% +/- 5% Slag (Ground Granulated
Blast Furnace Slag). No additional SCMs may be added at the concrete plant.

Slag cement shall conform to ASTM C989, Grade 100 or Grade 120. Certified mill
tests shall be provided to the City’s Project Manager.

Type IS may be further modified by a NDOT approved tertiary blend of cementitious

materials provided they are incorporated into the final inter-ground/blended cement by
the cement manufacturer.

A City Engineer approved water reducing admixture shall be used in all inter-ground/blended
modified concrete mixes at the dosage rate recommended by the manufacturer. The water-
cement ratio of all inter-ground/blended modified concrete shall not exceed the maximum limit
for the various classes of concrete as shown in Table 3.01 B.

C. AGGREGATE

1. General

Only aggregates that have been approved by the Nebraska Department of Transportation
and used for similar Work and have satisfactory service records will be allowed for use on
City of Lincoln projects unless approved by the City Engineer.

Mineral aggregates shall be crushed rock, broken stone, gravel, sand-gravel, coarse sand,
fine sand, or a mixture of these materials composed of clean, hard, durable, and un-coated
particles. Crushed rock shall be crushed limestone, dolomite, granite, quartzite, or other
ledge rock.

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3.01 MATERIALS (Continued)

C. AGGREGATE (Continued)

1. General (Continued)

Dolomite as herein defined is a magnesium limestone containing calcium carbonate and

magnesium carbonate in approximately a 4 to 3 ratio.

The calcium carbonate content of limestone shall be at least 80% computed as CaCO3 from
the value determined for CaO.

Aggregates shall be free from injurious quantities of dust, soft or flaky particles, loams,
alkali, organic matter, paper, wood, or other deleterious matter as determined by the City’s
Project Manager.

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
The use of aggregate obtained from any reclaiming or recycling process shall not be
allowed without permission from the City Engineer.

The gradations shown for the aggregate represent limits which shall determine suitability
for use from any source of supply. The gradations from any one source shall be uniform
and not subject to the extreme percentages of gradation specified below. The aggregate
from different sources of supply shall not be mixed or stored in the same pile, nor used
alternately in the same class of construction or mixed without permission from the City
Engineer. The aggregate may be tested at any time prior to its incorporation into a mix.
Aggregate sampling and testing shall conform to the following requirements:

ASTM DESIGNATIONS

C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates

AASHTO DESIGNATIONS

T96 Abrasion
T104 Sodium Sulfate Soundness
T21 Organic Impurities
T71 Mortar-Making Properties
T84 Specific Gravity and Absorption (Fine Aggregate)
T85 Specific Gravity and Absorption (Coarse Aggregate)
T89 Determining the Liquid Limit of Soils
T90 Determining the Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index of Soils
T248 Reducing Field Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size

NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

NDOT T2 Sampling
NDOT T27 Sieve Analysis
NDOT T504 Clay Lumps, Shale, and Soft Particles
NDOT T103 Freeze and Thaw Soundness
NDOT C25 Calcium Carbonate

Fine sand shall have at least 95% of its particles pass the No. 10 sieve and no more than
25% pass the No. 200 sieve. This definition applies to the sodium sulfate soundness test.

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3.01 MATERIALS (Continued)

C. AGGREGATE (Continued)

1. General (Continued)

Once an aggregate’s soundness and abrasion quality has been determined, additional
quality testing for soundness and abrasion loss will be at the City’s Project Manager’s
discretion.

Aggregate shall be evaluated based upon its past performance in concrete pavement and in
laboratory test results. Aggregate with adversely reactive constituents shall not be used.

During the progress of the Work, should the quality of the aggregate appear to change
appreciably, the Contractor may be required to furnish satisfactory evidence of its
soundness. The City’s Project Manager may, from time to time during the progress of the

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
Work, make check tests of the gradation of the aggregates. Any materials failing to meet
the requirements of the Standard Specifications shall be rejected and removed from the site
of the Work.

Aggregates shall meet the gradation requirements of Table 3.01 A, for the Class of
Concrete shown in Table 3.01 B, of these Standard Specifications. For all other
applications such as overlay concrete or mortar and grout sands, the gradation requirements
in the latest edition of the Nebraska Department of Transportation “Standard Specifications
for Highway Construction” shall apply.

2. Fine Aggregate

Fine aggregate shall consist of sand or sand gravel or a combination of sand and sand
gravel. The sand and sand gravel shall be washed and composed of clean, hard, durable
and un-coated particles. Aggregates produced from wet pits by pumping will be considered
to be washed. Aggregates from a dry pit shall have the method for washing approved by
the City Engineer. The fine aggregate shall be free from injurious amounts of clay, loam,
alkali, organic matter and other deleterious substances.

Fine aggregate shall have a soundness loss of not more than 10% by weight at the end of 5
cycles using sodium sulfate solution.

The aggregate shall contain no more than 0.5% by weight of clay lumps.

The aggregate which produces a color darker than the standard color when subjected to the
colorimetric test for organic impurities shall be tested for its mortar-making properties in
conformance with AASHTO T 71.

The aggregate, when subjected to the mortar-making properties test, shall produce a mortar
having a compressive strength at the age of 7 days equal to or greater than that developed
by mortar of the same proportions and consistency made of the same cement and aggregate
after the aggregate has been treated in a 3% solution of sodium hydroxide. Materials failing
to produce equal or greater strength shall not be accepted, without permission from the City
Engineer.

2023 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 304

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.01 MATERIALS (Continued)

C. AGGREGATE (Continued)

3. Coarse Aggregate

Coarse aggregate shall consist of limestone composed of clean, hard, durable, and un-
coated particles. These materials are natural sedimentary rock composed principally of
calcium carbonate.

The calcium carbonate content of the aggregate shall be at least 80% (computed as CaCO3
from value determined for CaO).

The percent of clay lumps, shale, or soft particles shall not exceed the following amounts:

Clay Lumps 0.5%

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
Shale 1.0%
Soft Particles 3.5%

Any combination of clay lumps, shale and soft particles shall not exceed 3.5%.

Coarse aggregate for concrete shall be free of coatings that will inhibit bond and injurious
quantities of loam, alkali, organic matter, thin or laminated pieces, chert or other
deleterious substances.

Coarse aggregate for concrete shall not have a soundness loss greater than 8% by weight
at the completion of 16 cycles of alternate freezing and thawing.

The percentage of wear by the Los Angeles Abrasion test shall not exceed 40%.

TABLE 3.01A – GRADATION LIMITS FOR MINERAL AGGREGATES

FOR USE IN PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (% Passing)
FINE AGGREGATE COARSE AGGREGATE

Sieve Target Tolerance Target Tolerance

1 ½" -- -- 100 None

1" 100 None 100 -8
3/4" 78 ±12
1/2" -- --
3/8" 30 ±15
#4 87 ±10 6 ±6
# 10 60 ±10 -- --
# 20 -- -- 2 ±2
# 30 28 ±12
# 50
# 100
# 200 1.5 ±1.5

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CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.01 MATERIALS (Continued)

D. WATER

Water for concrete or mortar shall be clean and free from injurious amounts of oil, acid, alkali,
salt, organic matter, and other deleterious substances. Test specimens of mortar made from the
materials and water to be used in the Work shall develop a tensile or compressive strength at
seven days of not less than 95% of that developed by the mixture of material and distilled water.

Wash-out water or water from the reclaiming process of Portland cement concrete shall not be
allowed to be used in the mixture without permission from the City Engineer.

E. CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES

Portland cement concrete shall be air-entrained. Air entraining admixtures to be used with
Portland Cement Concrete shall conform to ASTM Designation C 260, except that the strength

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
of the concrete containing the admixture shall not be less than 92% of a similar concrete without
the admixture at all test ages. The air entraining characteristics of the admixture, when
combined in suitable proportions with Portland Cement, aggregate, and water, within the limits
of the proportions specified, shall be such that the resulting concrete will have a satisfactory
work-ability and a total air content within the limits, as specified herein, for the different classes
of concrete.

If the air content of the concrete at the job site is less than the minimum specified, only one
addition of air-entraining admixtures to a load is allowed. If the air content is then outside the
limits specified, the load of concrete shall be rejected.

Admixtures which are not incorporated into the mix at the plant shall not be added to individual
loads of concrete at the job site to enhance work-ability or pump-ability without permission
from the City Engineer.

Admixtures shall not be added to individual loads of concrete at the job site to reduce either air
content or slump without permission from the City Engineer.

2023 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 306

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
 TABLE 3.01B – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE MIXTURES (CUBIC YARD BATCH)

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
CEMENT CEMENT WATER SLUMP AGGREGATES AIR CONTENT 28 DAY
CLASS OF
GENERAL USE (lb/cy) TYPE CEMENT (MAX.) (% BY WEIGHT) RANGE STRENGTH
CONCRETE
RATIO (inches) (% BY VOLUME) MIN. PSI
(1) FINE COARSE
(2) (MAX.) (3)

SG-3000 Where Specified 564 1PF/IS 0.50 4.0 100 0 6.0 - 8.5 3000

L-3500 Pavement, Sidewalk, Structures 564 1PF/IS 0.50 4.0 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 6.0 - 8.5 3500

L-3500S Slip-form Pavement 564 1PF/IS 0.48 2.5 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 6.5 - 9.0 3500

LC-3500 Slip-form Curb 564 1PF/IS 0.48 2.5 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 6.0 - 8.5 3500

L-4500 Structures 658 1PF/IS 0.42 4.0 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 6.0 - 8.5 4000

Pavement Base
LB-2750 423 I/II, IL 0.60 4.0 60 +/- 2 40 +/- 2 5.5 - 7.5 2750
(New Construction Residential)
Pavement Base
LB-3500 564 I/II, IL 0.50 4.0 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 5.5 - 7.5 3500
(Reconstruction)

L-5500 Pavement 752 I/II, IL 0.40 4.0 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 6.0 - 8.5 4000
(High/Early Strength)

PR Pavement Repair 799 III 0.45 4.0 70 +/- 3 30 +/- 3 6.0 - 8.5 4000
(4) (High/Early Strength)

NOTES:
(1) All mixtures shall contain a City Engineer approved water reducer at the manufacturer’s recommended dosage rate.
(2) Type 1PF or Type IS may be used. For Temporary Pavement, Type I/II or IL cement is allowed.
(3) The maximum slump may be exceeded by use of City Engineer approved mid to high range water reducers and/or superplasticizers.
(4) Calcium Chloride may be added as per NDOT Standard Specifications for Highway Construction.
This table is for proportion ranges only. Actual mix design weights for specific applications will be provided or approved by the City Engineer.

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 307

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.02 HANDLING MATERIALS

The concrete constituents, when delivered to the mixing equipment, shall meet the requirements of
the above Standard Specifications.

The moisture content of the aggregate shall be reasonably uniform from batch to batch. During
concrete mixing operations, aggregate moisture tests shall be performed, daily or more often as
conditions warrant, by the Contractor on aggregates not controlled by electronic moisture probes.
Weight adjustments shall be made accordingly to the aggregate proportions as changes in moisture
content occur. Moisture test results shall be made available to the City’s Project Manager upon
request.

Limestone aggregate having a total moisture content less than the absorption percentage of the
aggregate as determined by ASTM C127 shall not be approved for use in Portland cement concrete
until it is uniformly saturated with water. The saturation shall be performed sufficiently in advance

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
of mixing operations to accommodate moisture absorption by the aggregate.

3.03 WEIGHING & MIXING

A. CENTRAL BATCH PLANT

The constituents of the concrete shall be weighed or measured separately at a central batch
plant. The central batch plant shall be in substantial compliance with the requirements in the
Quality Control Manual, Section 3, Certification of Ready Mixed Concrete Production
Facilities published by the National Ready Mixed Concrete Association. The Contractor shall
be responsible for the calibration of the plant on an annual basis or as deemed necessary by the
City Engineer.

The concrete batch shall be either plant-mixed by the central batch plant or truck-mixed using
transit mixing trucks or a combination of both. Mixing time shall be in conformance with
ASTM C 94 and rate requirements shall be based on the size of drum and the mixing drum
manufacturers’ Specifications. Mixing time shall start when the cement and water are
combined. Agitation of the concrete during transport at a lower rate than the drum
manufacturer’s mixing specification shall not count toward approved mixing time. The
concrete shall be transported to the job site in clean, water tight trucks. A load ticket showing
the date, time, plant designation, mix designation, batch size, material quantities per batch, and
aggregate moisture values used to calculate aggregate quantities shall accompany each load
and be made available to the City’s Project Manager.

The temperature of the concrete shall be between 50° F and 95° F when delivered to the Work.
The temperature of the combined aggregate and water shall not exceed 95° F.

B. SELF-CONTAINED MOBILE MIXER

Use of this method shall be pre-approved by the Engineer and shall be limited to a maximum
of 30 cubic yards per day.

Proportioning and mixing equipment shall be of the self-contained, mobile, continuous mixing
type capable of volumetric production of concrete meeting the mix proportions stated in this
Chapter and subject to the following.

The mixer shall be self-propelled and be capable of carrying sufficient unmixed dry, bulk
cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, admixtures, and water to produce on the site at least
5 cubic yards of concrete. The mixer shall have one bin for each size aggregate.

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 308

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3.03 WEIGHING & MIXING (Continued)

C. SELF-CONTAINED MOBILE MIXER (Continued)

1. Control and Mixing of Materials

Unless otherwise stated in these specifications, operation and calibration of the mixer shall
follow sections 7, 8, and 9 of ASTM C685/17.

The Contractor shall perform calibration tests according to the equipment manufacture’s
recommendations every 6 months and when there is a change in the mix design proportions
or source of materials. A cement meter calibration shall be performed at the beginning of
each project. The Engineer shall be notified prior to the calibration so the process can be
observed. The Engineer may require a calibration test or yield check whenever a change in
the characteristics of the mixture is observed. Calibration reports and sources of materials

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
shall be kept with the mixer for 2 years and be readily available to the Engineer.

At the end of the concrete placement a printed batch ticket shall be submitted to the
Engineer and shall contain the following information. Name of concrete supplier,
identification number of batching equipment, serial number of batch ticket, date, starting
time, finishing time, name of purchaser, specific designation of job (name and location),
designation of concrete mix, amount of concrete in cubic yards, meter count, indication of
total quantity of cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures batched.

The temperature of the concrete shall be between 50° F and 95° F when delivered to the
Work. The temperature of the combined aggregate and water shall not exceed 95° F.

3.04 CONSISTENCY AND PLACEMENT OF CONCRETE

In general, the minimum amount of water shall be used which will produce the required work-
ability. The mortar shall cling to the coarse aggregate and shall show no free water when removed
from the mixer. The upper surface of the set concrete shall show a cement film upon the surface,
but shall be free from laitance. In no case shall so much water be used so as to cause the collection
of surplus water on the surface, or to cause segregation of the materials during transportation or
placing of the concrete.

Concrete shall be plastic, cohesive and workable, and uniform from load to load. Workable
concrete is defined as a concrete which can be placed without honeycomb and without surface
voids. Work-ability shall be obtained without producing a condition such that free water appears
on the surface when finished. The consistency of the mixture shall be that required for the specific
conditions and methods of placement; however, the maximum water cement ratio, as specified in
Table 3.01 B, shall not be exceeded.

Concrete hauled in non-agitating trucks shall be placed within 30 minutes after mixing time starts.
Concrete hauled in agitating or transit mix trucks shall be placed within 90 minutes after mixing
time starts. A lesser time may be specified by the City Engineer if, in his/her opinion, conditions
warrant it. Concrete exceeding these time limits shall not be incorporated in the pavement or
structure.

The maximum allowable interval for placing successive concrete loads on grade for paving or into
forms and excavations for structures shall be 30 minutes unless directed otherwise by the City
Engineer. Concrete free fall distance shall not exceed 5'. This includes free fall in a discharge pipe
when using a conveyor system for placement. Pumped concrete is not considered in free fall until
the concrete exits the pumper hose.

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 309

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.05 CONCRETE ACCEPTANCE

The Contractor shall notify the City a minimum of 48 hours in advance of the intended concrete
placement to allow for inspection of the grade, forms and reinforcement and to enable sampling
and testing of the concrete materials at the plant and testing of the concrete at the jobsite. The City
Engineer shall take such tests of the concrete as he/she deems necessary to determine the strength
and the air, water, cement and aggregate proportions. The properties of the concrete will be
determined by the tests specified in ASTM Designation C 94. Any concrete placed without the
proper notification will be subject to removal and replacement.

3.06 FLOWABLE FILL

A. DESCRIPTION

Flowable Fill for general use shall be a mixture of cement, fly ash, fine sand, water, and air

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
having a consistency which will flow under a very low head.

B. MATERIALS

The approximate quantities of each component per cubic yard of mixed material shall be as
shown in Table 3.06 A. Other materials and amounts may be used depending on the intended
application of the flowable fill with approval of the City Engineer.

TABLE 3.06A – FLOWABLE FILL COMPOSITION PER CUBIC YARD

Cement (Type I or II) 60 pounds

Class C Fly Ash 200 pounds

Fine Sand (ssd) 2,700 pounds

Water (approx.) 420 pounds

Air Content (approx.) 10%

Actual quantities shall be adjusted to provide a yield of 1 cubic yard with the materials used.

Approximate compressive strength should be 85 to 175 psi.

Fine Sand shall be an evenly graded material having not less than 95% passing the No. 4 sieve
and not more than 5% passing the No. 200 sieve.

Handling and mixing of the materials shall be in conformance with these Standard
Specifications.

Cement must be on the latest NDOT Approved Products List or “Nebraska Qualified Material
Vendors List”.

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 310

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3.06 FLOWABLE FILL (Continued)

C. BASIS OF PAYMENT

FLOWABLE FILL that has been completed in conformance with the Plans and Standard
Specifications and accepted by the City’s Project Manager shall be paid for at the contract unit
price bid per cubic yard based on the ticketed volume of material delivered to the site. No
payment shall be made for materials furnished in excess of that specified in the Contract or
approved by the City’s Project Manager. Such payment shall be full compensation for all
materials, hauling, installing, equipment, tools, labor and incidentals necessary to complete the
Work.

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 311

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.07 HOT/COLD WEATHER CONSTRUCTION

A. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION – HOT WEATHER

To reduce plastic shrinkage and cracking, the following conditions shall be considered:

1. Concrete temperatures
2. Air temperatures
3. Humidity
4. Wind velocities

When these conditions combine to create a rate of evaporation equal to or greater than 0.2
pounds per square foot per hour (as determined by Figure 3.07), the Contractor shall take
action, satisfactory to the City’s Project Manager, to prevent plastic shrinkage cracking.

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
FIGURE 3.07 - HOT WEATHER CONCRETING EVAPORATION NOMOGRAPH

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 312

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)
3.07 HOT/COLD WEATHER CONSTRUCTION (Continued)

B. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION – COLD WEATHER

Concrete shall not be placed in inclement weather except with permission from the City
Engineer. The air temperature for placing concrete shall be 35° F and rising. No concrete shall
be placed on a frozen sub-grade. When air temperatures can be anticipated below 35° F, the
concrete shall be preheated such that the temperature of the fresh concrete in place is a
minimum of 55° F. Concrete aggregates shall be protected to prevent freezing and to maintain
total moisture content above the absorption percentage of the aggregate as determined by
ASTM C127.

The pavement or structure shall be maintained for 72 hours at a minimum of 50° F with heat
and/or adequate layers of burlap, plastic, insulated blankets, or other approved materials. No
open flame heat source without proper venting to protect the fresh concrete from the exhaust

This document was originally issued and sealed by Kristen A. Humphrey, E-10365, on 10-01-22. This media should not be considered a certified document.
gases.

The concrete shall have achieved the minimum specified strength prior to any subsequent
construction or loading of the pavement or structure. If deemed necessary, the Engineer may
require a 28 day strength core to verify that the concrete has not been damaged by the cold
weather. The core shall be taken at no additional cost to the City within 35 days of placement,
under the direct supervision of the Engineer and taken to the City Lab for testing. Any failure
to meet specified strength will be subject to the strength pay factors in Section 4.14.

2022 City of Lincoln Standard Specifications 313

CHAPTER 3 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (PCC)