Table of Contents
Table of Contents........................................................................................................................................1
1 Presentation of data—Single Qualitative Variable..............................................................................2
2 Presentation of data—Multiple Variables (Multivariable tables cross tables).....................................4
3 Presentation of data—Qualitative Variables (Frequency Table)..........................................................5
4 Presentation of Data—Discrete Variable.............................................................................................6
5 Presentation of data –continuous variable..........................................................................................7
6 Descriptive Statistics............................................................................................................................8
7 Merging of Data...................................................................................................................................9
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1 Presentation of Data
1.1 Presentation of data—Single Qualitative Variable
Data File (Patient Hospital . mtw)
Following data represent certain characteristics of 10 patients.
Patient Blood Group Gender Hospital Weight kg Height (feet) LBP HBP Sugar BMI*
1 A+ Male Govt 70 5.6 72 135 134 24.03
2 B+ Female Private 88 5.9 80 178 120 27.21
3 O+ Male Private 54 5.7 80 176 104 17.89
4 A+ Male Govt 89 5.8 78 150 100 28.48
5 B+ Female Govt 90 5.9 90 210 98 27.83
6 B+ Male Private 67 4.8 78 145 89 31.30
7 O- Male Private 98 5.5 79 178 110 34.87
8 A+ Female Govt 80 5.9 67 190 101 24.74
9 A+ Male Private 69 5.5 60 210 100 24.55
10 O- Female Govt 65 4.6 78 169 115 33.06
Blood Group: A+ (1) , B+ (2) , O+ (3) , O- (4)
Gender : Male (1), Female (2)
Hospital : Govt (1) , Private (2)
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Required Information:
A. Construct frequency table for blood type, gender and hospital type and answer the following
questions.
1. How many patients are male?
2. What percentage of patients has A+ blood group?
3. How many patients are admitted in Govt hospital?
Weight (kg)
4. Calculate BMI; BMI= 2 Height(m)= Height(feet) × 0.3037
[ Height (m)]
5. Convert data of BMI into groups as
BMI Weight groups
< 18.5 Under Weight
18.5----------25 Normal Weight
25----------- 30 Over Weight
> 30 Obese
6. Construct frequency table for weight groups
7. Convert data of sugar level into three groups:
Level Group
< 80 Low
80----140 Normal
>140 High
B. Represent the Blood group, hospital type, gender, sugar groups and weight groups with simple
bar and pie chart data graphically.
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1.2 Presentation of data—Multiple Variables (Multivariable tables / cross
tables)
Consider the Data of practical # (1)
Required Information:
Construct multiway table of gender and blood group and answer the following questions.
A. Find percentage of female patients admitted in govt hospital.
B. Find total number of Male patients.
Construct multiway table of gender, blood group and hospital type and answer the following
questions.
C. Find percentage of female patients admitted in govt hospital that has A+ blood group.
D. Construct graph to compare Blood group within each gender.
E. Construct graph to compare Blood group within each gender for each hospital type.
F. Construct graph to compare Blood group with total for each gender
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1.3 Presentation of data—Qualitative Variables (Frequency Table)
Consider the following (Summarized) data
Govt Private
Male female Male Female
A+ 15 12 24 23
B+ 13 17 32 37
O+ 11 16 23 35
O- 23 35 27 45
Required Information:
A. Construct Frequency table for blood type and answer the following questions.
i. How many patients has A+ blood group?
ii. What percentage of patients has O+ blood group?
B. Construct multiway Frequency table for hospital type and blood group and answer the
following questions.
i. How many patients admitted in Govt hospital has A+ blood group?
ii. What percentage of patients admitted in private hospital has O+ blood group?
C. Compare blood group within each gender as well as total for each gender
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1.4 Presentation of Data—Discrete Variable
Data File ( Infected Plants . mtw)
Following data represent the number of infected plants from a sample of twenty experimental plots.
Your task is to present it in tabular form.
1 2 4 3 0 1 2 3 1 1 0 2
1 0 2 3 0 0 1 3
Required Information:
Construct Frequency Table and answer the following questions.
A. Find number of plots having less than 3 infected plants
B. Find percentage of plots having 2 infected plants
C. Construct Simple bar.
D. Construct Dot plot
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1.5 Presentation of data –continuous variable
Data File (Wheat Height . mtw)
The following data represents the height of 30 wheat plants taken from the experimental area.
Construct a frequency distribution and appropriate graphs to explain the distribution of data:
87 91 89 88 89 91 87 92 90 98 95 97
96 100 101 96 98 99 98 100 102 99 101 105
103 107 105 106 107 112
Required Information:
A. Construct Frequency Table
B. Construct Histogram
Construction of a frequency distribution
Decide the number of classes:
K=1+3.3 log(n)=5.87 or √ n=5.47 6 Classes
Determine the range of variation of the data i.e,
R= Max – Min = 112 – 87 = 25
Determine the approximate size of class interval
R
h= = 25/6 = 4.17 5 Class Interval
K
Decide where to locate the class limit of first class
Just below the minimum value in the data 86-90, 91-95,
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2 Descriptive Statistics
2.1 Descriptive Statistics
Data File (Bottles Tarque . mtw)
A quality control engineer needs to ensure that the caps on shampoo bottles are fastened correctly. If
the caps are fastened too loosely, they may fall off during shipping. If they are fastened too tightly, they
may be too difficult to remove. The target torque value for fastening the caps is 18. The engineer
collects a random sample of 68 bottles from both machines during morning and evening shift and tests
the amount of torque that is needed to remove the caps.
As part of the initial investigation, the engineer analyzes the descriptive statistics of the torque
measurements to assess the distribution of the data from each machine.
Required Information:
A. Construct dot plots for complete data as well as for each machine and each shift
B. Construct box plots for complete data as well as for each machine and each shift
C. Perform descriptive analysis for complete data.
D. Perform descriptive analysis for each machine.
E. Perform descriptive analysis for each shift.
F. Perform descriptive analysis for each machine during morning and evening shift.
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2.2 Merging of Data and descriptive Analysis
Following data represents the time to sleep and weight for smoker and non-smoker
Smoker_Tim Non Non
e Smoker_Time Smoker_Weight Smoker_Weight
69.3 28.6 72 74
56.0 25.1 84 76
22.1 26.4 66 72
47.6 34.9 78 71
53.2 29.8 73 68
48.1 28.4 82 68
52.7 38.5 99 67
34.4 30.2 110 75
60.2 30.6 45 79
43.8 31.8 73 67
23.2 41.6 74 66
13.8 21.1 85 69
36.0 70
37.9 74
13.9 71
Merge the data of time and weight for smoker and non-smoker in one column and perform Descriptive
Statistics
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