1.

Title of the Case Study

"Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in Karkardooma, Delhi: A

Model for Integrated Urban Growth"

2. Introduction

Purpose:

 To analyze how TOD principles are applied in Karkardooma to address

Delhi’s urban sprawl and congestion.
Relevance to LDP:

 Demonstrates integration of land use, transport, and affordable

housing—key themes for sustainable Local Development Plans (LDPs).
Background:

 Delhi’s rapid urbanization (doubled built-up area since 1989)

necessitated compact development around transit nodes.

3. Context and Background

Location:

 Karkardooma, East Delhi (76 ha; population 21,300).

Urban Challenges:

 Sprawl, traffic congestion, inequitable access to amenities.

Planning Framework:

 Master Plan Delhi 2021: Mandates TOD with max FAR of 5, mixed-
use zoning.

 TOD Policy 2019: Specifies land use ratios (e.g., 30% residential, 15%
EWS housing).

4. Focus Area / Thematic Relevance

Linked to LDP Topics:

 Mixed-use development: Residential, commercial, and public spaces

integrated.

 Mobility and accessibility: Pedestrian-friendly design near metro

stations.

 Urban land management: FAR optimization and self-financing via

land value capture.
5. Key Strategies or Approaches

Tools & Regulations:

 Zoning: 500m–800m TOD influence zones with tiered density.

 Inclusionary Zoning: 15% EWS housing in residential FAR.

Stakeholder Involvement:

 Consultations with residents, NGOs, and local councils.

Implementation:

 Phased construction (2021–2026); led by DDA with NBCC as contractor.

6. Results and Outcomes

Achievements:

 Density: 1.5 million m² new built-up area; 6,000+ housing units.

 Design: Zero setbacks, pedestrian-first streets.

Impact:

 Expected reduction in traffic congestion and improved access to

services.

7. Challenges and Lessons Learned

Barriers:

 7-year delay due to policy revisions and inter-agency coordination.

 Risk of commercial oversupply in self-financing model.

Lessons:

 Need for flexible policies adaptable to local contexts.

 Early stakeholder engagement mitigates resistance.

8. Implications for Jimma LDP

Applications:

 Replicate: Mixed-use zoning and FAR incentives near transit.

 Adapt: Context-specific stakeholder consultations.

 Avoid: Over-reliance on commercial revenue without market studies.

9. Visuals (Maps/Diagrams) (Hypothetical examples)

1. Figure 1: Site map of Karkardooma TOD hub (from PDF).

2. Figure 2: FAR distribution table (Table 13 in PDF).

3. Figure 3: Pedestrian-friendly Street design (Figure 12 in PDF).

10. References

1. Master Plan Delhi 2021.

2. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. (2019). TOD Policy.

3. Delhi Development Authority. (2012). East Delhi Hub–Karkardooma

TOD Project.

4. The Times of India. (2022). "Complete TOD Project Before Deadline."

1. Urban Challenges and Catalysts

 Rapid Expansion: Delhi's urbanized area doubled since 1989 within

fixed boundaries (1,484 km²), exacerbating sprawl and congestion.

 Policy Response: Master Plan Delhi 2021 (MPD-2021) prioritized TOD

to curb sprawl through densification and integrated land-use planning.
  Catalyst: Delhi Metro’s growth (India’s largest mass transit system)
enabled TOD around stations like Karkardooma.

2. Redevelopment Framework

a. Strategic Approach

 Pilot Project: 76-ha vacant government land near Karkardooma Metro

(interchange of 2 lines) selected for TOD.

 Vision: Mixed-use, pedestrian-centric hub with 6,000+ housing units,

commercial spaces, and green areas.

 Funding: Self-financing model (₹11.68 billion/$142 million) via

commercial space sales.

b. Implementation Modality

 Lead Agencies: Delhi Development Authority (DDA) with NBCC as

contractor.

 Governance: Two-tier committee structure (high-powered and apex

committees) for approvals and coordination.

 Delays: 7-year delay (2014–2021) due to policy revisions and inter-

agency challenges.

c. Planning and Land Value Capture Tools

 Zoning:

o TOD Planning Area: 800m radius around metro stations.

o Intense Development Area: 500m radius (stricter norms).

 Key Regulations:

o Max FAR: 5 | No height limits | 40% ground coverage.

o Mandatory allocations: 30% residential (15% EWS), 10%

commercial, 10% social amenities.

 Financing: Additional FAR charges for TOD-specific funds; upfront

investment by DDA (₹4.26 billion/$52 million in 2022–23).
Tables from PDF:

Summary of TOD Regulations

Parameter Requirement

Maximum FAR 5

Public Open 20% of plot

Spaces area

EWS Housing 15% of

residential

Land Use Standards

Land Use Resident Commerci Public

ial al Facilities

Residentia 50% min 10% min 20% min

l

Commerci 30% min 50% min 10% min

al

3. Outcomes

a. Improved Physical Environment

 Design: Pedestrian-first (zero setbacks, 150m max block length, no

boundary walls).

 Sustainability: Water recycling systems and green spaces (4-ha

central park).

 Density: 1.5 million m² new built-up area.

b. Financial Benefits

 Risks: Potential oversupply of commercial/residential spaces due to

public-sector-led development.

 Revenue: Projected from commercial leases; betterment charges post-

completion.

c. Social Inclusion
  Affordable Housing: 15% EWS units (32–40 m²) via inclusionary
zoning.

 Stakeholder Engagement: Consultations with residents, NGOs, and

local councils.

Key Takeaways

 Success Factors: TOD integration with metro infrastructure, mixed-

use zoning.

 Lessons: Need for flexible policies and early stakeholder involvement.

 LDP Application: Replicate FAR incentives and pedestrian-centric

design; adapt financing models.

1. Title

Case Study: Transit-Oriented Development in Karkardooma, Delhi –

Lessons for Jimma’s Local Development Plan

2. Introduction

This case explores how the Karkardooma TOD project in Delhi, India, can
inform Transit-Oriented Development strategies in Jimma, Ethiopia. The aim
is to extract applicable strategies to guide compact, walkable, and mixed-use
development aligned with public transport improvements in a growing
secondary city like Jimma.

3. Context and Background

 Karkardooma is a neighborhood in East Delhi, situated at the

intersection of two metro lines.

 Rapid population growth and urban sprawl in Delhi necessitated

integrated land use and transportation planning.

 The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) launched the East Delhi Hub
TOD project on a 76-hectare government-owned vacant land parcel.

 The project aligns with the Master Plan for Delhi 2021, which
promotes densification, walkability, and mixed-use redevelopment.

4. Focus Area / Thematic Relevance

Relevant to Jimma’s context, this case addresses:

 Transit-oriented land use

 Mixed-income and mixed-use development

 Strategic infill redevelopment near transit

 Green space and public realm integration

 Land value capture and institutional coordination

5. Key Strategies or Approaches Used

 Created a 500–800m TOD zone around MRTS stations.

 Introduced high-density, mixed-use zoning with affordable housing

quotas.

 Promoted pedestrian-friendly urban design (zero setbacks, short

block lengths, no boundary walls).

 Public sector-led redevelopment on vacant land.

 Self-financing model via commercial space sales.

 Emphasis on community amenities and green space (e.g., 4 ha central

park).

6. Results and Outcomes (In Progress)

 Construction began in 2021, expected completion by 2026.

 Planned development includes:

o ~6,000 housing units (with 15% EWS quota)

o 30 mixed-use towers

o Integrated green infrastructure

o Community facilities (hospital, disability center, schools, central

park)

 Anticipated improved walkability, access to services, and urban density

near transit.

7. Challenges and Lessons Learned

 Delays due to multi-agency coordination and evolving TOD

regulations.
  Risk of overestimating commercial demand due to lack of private
sector market testing.

 "One-size-fits-all" TOD norms didn’t account for local variation—

highlighting the need for context-sensitive design.

8. Implications for Your LDP (Jimma)

 Pilot a TOD zone around a key transport node (e.g., Merkato or

Menaheria).

 Encourage mixed-use development within a 400–500m radius of

major intersections.

 Align zoning codes with walkability, green space, and density

goals.

 Develop small-scale, flexible guidelines instead of rigid FAR rules.

 Use publicly owned land for demonstration projects.

 Consider land-based financing tools (e.g., modest FAR bonuses, PPP for
commercial blocks).

 Embed community amenities and affordable housing to ensure

inclusion.