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Thermodynamics Homework Problems

This homework assignment consists of ten problems related to thermodynamics and physical chemistry, focusing on vapor pressures, enthalpy of vaporization, equilibrium constants, and Gibbs energy calculations. Students are required to perform calculations involving various substances such as naphthalene, dichloromethane, and NH4Cl under specified conditions. The due date for the assignment is June 5th, 2023.

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16 views1 page

Thermodynamics Homework Problems

This homework assignment consists of ten problems related to thermodynamics and physical chemistry, focusing on vapor pressures, enthalpy of vaporization, equilibrium constants, and Gibbs energy calculations. Students are required to perform calculations involving various substances such as naphthalene, dichloromethane, and NH4Cl under specified conditions. The due date for the assignment is June 5th, 2023.

Uploaded by

Pepepep
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Homework #2 (Chapter 4, 5, 6)

Due date : June 5th, 2023

1. Pressure was exerted with a piston on molten naphthalene at 95°C. The vapour pressure of
naphthalene under 1.0 bar is 2.0 kPa and its density is 0.962 g cm−3. What is its vapour pressure
when the pressure on the liquid is 15 MPa? (Molar mass of naphthalene: 128.17 g mol−1,
R=8.3145 J K-1 mol-1)
2. The vapour pressure of dichloromethane at 24.1°C is 53.3 kPa and its enthalpy of vaporization
is 28.7 kJ mol−1. Estimate the temperature at which its vapour pressure is 70.0 kPa. (R=8.3145
J K-1 mol-1)
3. The vapour pressure of a liquid between 15°C and 35°C fits the expression log(p/Torr) = 8.750
− 1625/(T/K). Calculate (a) the enthalpy of vaporization and (b) the normal boiling point of
the liquid. (R=8.3145 J K-1 mol-1)
4. Calculate the melting point of ice under a pressure of 10 MPa. Assume that the density of ice
under these conditions is approximately 0.915 g cm−3 and that of liquid water is 0.998 g cm−3.
5. The vapour pressure of 2-propanol is 50.00 kPa at 338.8°C, but it fell to 49.62 kPa when 8.69
g of an involatile organic compound was dissolved in 250 g of 2-propanol. Calculate the molar
mass of the compound. (Molar mass of 2-propanol: 60.096 g mol-1)
6. By measuring the equilibrium between liquid and vapour phases of an acetone(A)/methanol(M)
solution at 57.2°C at 1.00 atm, it was found that xA = 0.400 when yA = 0.516. Calculate the
activities and activity coefficients of both components in this solution on the Raoult’s law basis.
The vapour pressures of the pure components at this temperature are: p*A = 105 kPa and p*M
= 73.5 kPa. (xA is the mole fraction in the liquid and yA the mole fraction in the vapour,)
7. In the gas-phase reaction 2A + B ⇌ 3C + 2D, it was found that, when 1.00 mol A, 2.00 mol
B, and 1.00 mol D were mixed and allowed to come to equilibrium at 25°C, the resulting
mixture contained 0.90 mol C at a total pressure of 1.00 bar. Calculate (a) the mole fractions
of each species at equilibrium, (b) Kx, (c) K, and (d) ΔrG⊖.

8. For CaF2(s) ⇌ Ca2+(aq) + 2F−(aq), K = 3.9 × 10−11 at 25°C and the standard Gibbs energy of
formation of CaF2(s) is −1167 kJ mol−1. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy of formation of
CaF2(aq).
9. The dissociation vapour pressure of NH4Cl at 427°C is 608 kPa but at 459°C it has risen to
1115 kPa. Calculate (a) the equilibrium constant, (b) the standard reaction Gibbs energy, (c)
the standard enthalpy, (d) the standard entropy of dissociation, all at 427°C. Assume that the
vapour behaves as a perfect gas and that ΔH⊖ and ΔS⊖ are independent of temperature in the
range given.
10. Calculate the equilibrium constants of the following reactions at 25°C from standard
potential data:

(a) Sn(s) + Sn4+ (aq) ⇌ 2 Sn2+ (aq)


(b) Sn(s) + 2 AgCl(s) ⇌ SnCl2(aq) + 2 Ag(s)

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