1. What is a proxy server?

A. A server that acts as an intermediary between a client and another server, often used for web
browsing.

B. A server that stores and manages files for clients on a network.

C. A server that provides email services to clients on a network.

2. What is bandwidth?

A. The amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given amount of time.

B. The speed at which data is transmitted over a network.

C. The distance between two devices on a network.

3. What is latency?

A. The time it takes for data to travel from one point to another on a network.

B. The amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given amount of time.

C. The speed at which data is transmitted over a network.

[Link] is the difference between half-duplex and full-duplex communication?

A. Half-duplex communication allows for communication in both directions, but not at the same
time, while full-duplex communication allows for simultaneous communication in both
directions.

B. Half-duplex communication only allows for communication in one direction, while full-duplex
communication allows for communication in both directions simultaneously.

C. There is no difference between half-duplex and full-duplex communication.

[Link] is the difference between TCP and UDP?

[Link] (Transmission Control Protocol) provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of
data packets, while UDP (User Datagram Protocol) does not guarantee reliable delivery or order
of packets.

[Link] provides faster transmission speeds than UDP because it uses fewer resources to transmit
packets.

[Link] and UDP are identical protocols with no differences in functionality or performance.
[Link] is NAT?

[Link] Address Translation - it allows devices on a private network to share a single public IP
address for communication over the internet.

[Link] Access Technology - it provides secure access to a private network over the internet.

[Link] Authentication Token - it provides secure authentication for devices on a network.

[Link] is QoS? ( Đảm bảo chất lượng )

[Link] of Service - it is a set of technologies that prioritize certain types of traffic on a network
to ensure that they receive sufficient bandwidth and low latency.

[Link] Operating System - it is an operating system designed for use in quantum computing
environments.

[Link] of Security - it is a set of technologies that ensure the security and privacy of data
transmitted over a network.

[Link] is a VLAN?

A. Virtual Local Area Network - it is a logical grouping of devices on a network that are not
physically located together but can communicate with each other as if they were on the same
physical network.

B. Virtual Wide Area Network - it is a virtual network that spans multiple physical locations.

C. Virtual Personal Area Network - it is a virtual network that connects personal devices such as
smartphones and laptops.

[Link] is WPA2?

A. Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 - it is a security protocol used to secure wireless (không dây)
networks.

B. Wireless Personal Area Network 2 - it is a wireless networking standard for personal devices
such as smartphones and laptops.

C. Wide Area Network Protocol 2 - it is a protocol used to connect multiple wide area networks
together.

[Link] is SSID?

[Link] Set Identifier - it is the name of a wireless network that clients use to identify and
connect to the network.
 [Link] System Identification - it is an identification number assigned to servers on a network
for easy identification and management.

[Link] Security Identifier - it is an identification number assigned to devices on a network for

Chapter 2: Physical

1. What is the physical layer in network protocols?

a) The highest layer in the protocol model

b) The middle layer in the protocol model

c) The lowest layer in the protocol model

[Link] does the physical layer define?

a) The logical interfaces between devices

b) The electrical, timing, and other interfaces by which bits are sent as signals over channels

c) The routing of data packets through a network

3. What are the three types of transmission media covered in the PDF file?

a) Guided, wireless, and satellite

b) Wired, wireless, and fiber optic

c) Copper wire, radio waves, and infrared light

[Link] is latency in network communication?

a) The time delay between a sender sending a message and a receiver receiving it.

b) The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a channel per unit time.

c) A measure of how many errors occur during data transmission.

a) By using slower transmission media.

b) By optimizing network protocols to minimize delays.

c) By increasing the distance between sender and receiver.

[Link] is bandwidth in network communication?

a) A measure of how many errors occur during data transmission.

b) The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a channel per unit time.

c) A measure of how fast data is transmitted through a channel.

7. What is NRZ encoding? (Non-Return-to-Zero)

a) A technique that uses transitions between high and low voltage levels to represent each bit.

b) A technique that uses one voltage level to represent a binary 1 and another voltage level to
represent a binary 0.

c) A technique that uses three voltage levels to represent two bits at a time.

8. What is MLT-3 encoding? (Multi-Level Transmit-3)

a) A technique that uses transitions between high and low voltage levels to represent each bit.

b) A technique that uses three voltage levels to represent two bits at a time.

c) A technique that uses one voltage level to represent a binary 1 and another voltage level to
represent a binary 0.

[Link] is Manchester encoding?

a) A technique that uses transitions between high and low voltage levels to represent each bit.

b) A technique that uses one voltage level to represent a binary 1 and another voltage level to
represent a binary 0.

c) A technique that uses transitions between high and low voltage levels to represent each bit,
with each bit being represented by two signal elements.
10. What is 4B/5B encoding?

a) A technique that maps every four bits of data to a unique five-bit code.

b) A technique that maps every five bits of data to a unique four-bit code.

c) A technique that maps every six bits of data to a unique seven-bit code.

11. Why is 4B/5B encoding used in network communication?

a) To ensure that there are enough transitions in the signal to synchronize clocks between
sender and receiver.

b) To reduce the amount of bandwidth required for data transmission.

c) To increase the amount of error correction in the signal.

12. What is time division multiplexing (TDM)?

a) A technique that uses different frequencies to transmit multiple signals over a single channel.

b) A technique that divides a single channel into multiple time slots, with each slot assigned to a
different signal.

c) A technique that uses compression to reduce the amount of data transmitted over a channel.

13. What is pulse code modulation (PCM)?

a) A technique that uses different frequencies to transmit multiple signals over a single channel.

b) A technique that divides a single channel into multiple time slots, with each slot assigned to a
different signal.

c) A technique for digitizing analog signals by sampling them at regular intervals and quantizing
each sample into a digital value.

14. What is companding? (Compression + Expanding)

a) A technique for compressing digital audio files.

b) A technique for expanding digital audio files.

[Link] layer directly interacts with the Data Link Layer?

A. Transport Layer

B. Physical Layer

C. Application Layer

D. Network Layer

16. What does PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) do?

A. Provides error correction

B. Enables direct communication between two nodes

C. Manages IP addresses

D. Encrypts data

17. What is bit stuffing used for?

A. To compress data

B. To ensure frame synchronization

C. To increase network speed

D. To avoid data loss

[Link] Data Link Layer is layer number ___ in the OSI model.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

19. What is the main function of LLC (Logical Link Control) in the Data Link Layer?

A. Identifying network protocols

B. Assigning MAC addresses

C. Managing congestion
 D. Controlling IP routing

Even Parity: Đếm số 1 coi lẻ hay chẵn if (lẻ) thì thêm số 1 vào và gửi đi if(chẵn) thì thêm số 0 vào
rồi gửi đi

Odd Parity: if(bit1) chẵn thì thêm số 1 cho nó lẻ, if(bit1) le thì thêm số 0 cho nó rồi gửi đi

20. A system uses Even Parity. The received data is 10101101. Does this data contain an error?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Cannot be determined

D. CRC must be used to check

21. A system uses Odd Parity. The transmitted data is 1101001 with a parity bit added. Does the received
data contain an error?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Needs to be rechecked

D. Cannot be determined

22.A system uses Even Parity. The original data is 101110. What parity bit should be added?

A. 0

B. 1

C. 10

D. Cannot be determined

23. The transmitted data is 110101. The CRC divisor is 1011. If the remainder after division is 000, does
the data have an error?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Needs to be rechecked

D. Cannot be determined

110101000 / 1011 = 000 ? no error : have error

1011 =

1100 hạ 0 xuống

1011 =

1111 hạ 1 xuống

1011 =

1000 hạ 0 xuống

1011 =

110 hạ 0 xuống

000=

1100 hạ 0

1011

0111

24. A system uses the CRC divisor 1001. The received data produces a remainder of 110 after division.
What does this indicate?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Cannot be determined

D. Parity Check should be used

25. The original data is 1110001. If Odd Parity is used, what parity bit should be added?

A. 0

B. 1 (bit1 chẵn nên thêm 1 bit vào cho nó lẻ)

C. 10

D. Cannot be determined
26. The transmitted data is 101101, and the CRC divisor is 1101. If the received data produces a
remainder of 101, what does this indicate?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Needs to be rechecked

D. Cannot be determined

27. The received data is 10011001, using Even Parity. Does this data contain an error?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Cannot be determined

D. CRC should be used to check

28. The original data is 11011, and the divisor is 101. What is the remainder after binary division?

A. 01

B. 10

C. 11

D. 00

29. The transmitted data is 10110011, and the CRC divisor is 1001. If the remainder after division is 000,
does the data have an error?

A. The data has an error

B. The data has no error

C. Cannot be determined

D. Parity Check should be used