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Japan's Government Structure Explained

The document outlines the structure and principles of the new government of Japan, emphasizing the preservation of peace and the rights and duties of citizens. It details the roles of the Emperor, the Cabinet, the Diet, and the judicial system, highlighting the shift of power from monarchy to a more democratic framework. The Diet consists of two houses elected by the people, responsible for legislation, while the judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court and other courts established by law.

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4 views1 page

Japan's Government Structure Explained

The document outlines the structure and principles of the new government of Japan, emphasizing the preservation of peace and the rights and duties of citizens. It details the roles of the Emperor, the Cabinet, the Diet, and the judicial system, highlighting the shift of power from monarchy to a more democratic framework. The Diet consists of two houses elected by the people, responsible for legislation, while the judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court and other courts established by law.

Uploaded by

aprajapati705495
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN 713

preservation of peace bj banishing war and slaveiy is the ideal


\
for vhich the new goveinment shall stiive for

—
Rights and duties of citizens The new constitution has con-
—
feired upon the citizens a number of lights civil, political and
economic and has made them moie effective A few duties have
also been enjoined upon the citizens

The — —
Executive The Emperor A veiy powerful opinion
favoui mg the abolition of monaichy was formed both in the
USA and in Japan after the conclusion of the war But
though monaichy suivived it vas shorn of its foimei powers and
gloiies Monaichy was letamed as the symbol of the state and
the unity of the people^ The emperor is to peifoim all his func-
tions with the advice and consent of the Cabinet

—
The Gahinci The executive power of the state is vested m
a cabmet headed by a Piime Mimstei, all of whom must be
civilians but need not be members of the Diet The piemiei
IS designated by the Diet but fomially appointed by the Empeior
Other mmisteis aie appointed by the Piemier The mmistiy can
initiate bill, frame the budget, deteimine foieign policy and
conclude tieaties The mimstiy is lesponsible to the Diet but
removable by an adveisc vote of the Lowei House only
The Legislature —The —
Diet The Diet is composed of a
Houfee of Councillois with 250 elected members foi a teim of
SIX yeais and a House of Eepresentatives with 466 membeis for
a. teim of foui yeais Both the Houses aie elected by the direct
votes of the people on the basis of universal adult fianchise The
Diet holds its session for five months once a year and special
sessions may be convened, if necessaiy Committees aie formed
m both the Houses
The Diet can make laws relating to all matters of national
interest Financial also lequiie its appioval
bills Of the two
Houses, the House of Bepiesentatives is moie powerful both in
ordinary and financial legislation The ministry is responsible
to both the Houses but is removable only by the Lower House
Laws passed by it are subject to judicial review by the Supreme
Court
Judicial Organisation —
The judicial power of the state is
vested in a Supreme Court and a number of other courts estab-
lished by law The Supreme Court consists of one Chief Judge
and a number of other judges The Chief Judge is designated
by the Cabmet but formally appointed by the Emperor Other
judges are appointed by the Cabmet All these appomtmei^s
require ratification by popular referendum The judges of the
inferiorCourts are appointed by the Cabinet from a panel of
judges nominated by the Supreme Court

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