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Graphing Rational Functions Guide

The document outlines the steps for identifying asymptotes and intercepts in rational functions, including vertical, horizontal, and slant asymptotes. It provides rules for determining the presence of these asymptotes based on the degrees of the numerator and denominator. Additionally, it includes a series of exercises for practice with various rational functions.

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8 views5 pages

Graphing Rational Functions Guide

The document outlines the steps for identifying asymptotes and intercepts in rational functions, including vertical, horizontal, and slant asymptotes. It provides rules for determining the presence of these asymptotes based on the degrees of the numerator and denominator. Additionally, it includes a series of exercises for practice with various rational functions.

Uploaded by

saznin.ete.15
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Graphing Rational Functions

The following steps to identify the asymptotes and intercepts will make
sketching the rational functions easier.

Asymptotes

I) Vertical Asymptote (VA) - is when the root of the denominator is zero


x=a
(function is undefined)

II) Horizontal Asymptote (HA)

a) when the highest degree of the denominator is the SAME as the


numerator
coef
y=
coef

b) when the highest degree of the denominator is the HIGHER than


the numerator

y=0

III) Slant Asymptote (SA)

a) when the degree of the numerator is the one more than than the
denominator
then the SA is the y = quotient neglecting the remainder.

NOTE: i) There is n + 1 number of graphs when there is n nos of vertical


asymptote.
ii) Graphs will always (must) pass through intercepts and tails towards
assymptotes.
iii) Graphs will never pass through vertical asymptote.
iv) Graphs will sometimes pass through horizontal asymptote.
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Exercises

x +2 x−1 x+1
y= y= y=
x−3 2) x−4 3) x +4
1)

2 x 2 +2 x 2 −9 4 x 2−16
y= y= y=
x 2 −4 5) x 2 −16 6) x 2 −1
4)

x 2+ 4 x 2 −6 x+ 9 x 2 +25
y= y= y=
x−1 8) x−5 9) x+ 1
7)

x 2 + 4 x+ 3 x 2 −6 x−7 x 2+ x
y= y= y=
x−3 11) x +5 12) x 2+ 1
10)

x 2 −4 x +3 2 x 2−5 x−7 x 2 −2 x +1
y= y= y=
) x−3 14) x 2 +25 15) x 2−1
13

x 2 −2 x−3 y=
x 3 −x x 3 −1
y= y=
) x−3 17) x 2 −1 18) x−1
16

x−3 x 2 −x x 3 +1
y= y= y=
) x 4 −16 20) x3 +1 21) x 3 −1
19

3 x 2−3 x 4 −4 x 2 x 3 −x
y= y= y=
22) x 4 −1 23) x3 −8 24) x 4 −16
x 3 −27 x 3 −x 2 2 x3
y= y= y= 2
25) x−3 26) x +1 27) ( x −4 )( x +1)

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