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Understanding Color Schemes and Illusions

The document discusses color schemes, defining them as organized associations of colors that create a unified aesthetic, and outlines seven major types. It also differentiates between color schemes and palettes, explains color classification, and explores color illusions and how humans perceive color. Additionally, it addresses variations in color perception among individuals due to differences in cone cells.

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Rhona Jude Villareal
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24 views20 pages

Understanding Color Schemes and Illusions

The document discusses color schemes, defining them as organized associations of colors that create a unified aesthetic, and outlines seven major types. It also differentiates between color schemes and palettes, explains color classification, and explores color illusions and how humans perceive color. Additionally, it addresses variations in color perception among individuals due to differences in cone cells.

Uploaded by

Rhona Jude Villareal
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AR. ERNESTO B. BERMIDO, MSARCH.

z
COLOR
SCHEMES
z
What do you mean by color scheme?

▪ In art and design, a color scheme is an


association of colors based on an
organizational system. Basically, it's a set of
colors that work well together to create a
unified aesthetic. We can find our color
scheme using a color wheel, a matrix of
colors used to see how colors relate.
What are the 7 major color schemes?
z

▪ The seven major color schemes


1. Monochromatic
▪ 2. Analogous
▪ 3. Complementary
▪ 4. Split complementary
▪ 5. Triadic
▪ 6. Square, and
▪ 7. Rectangle (or tetradic).
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What is the difference between a color
scheme and a color palette?

▪ A color scheme is based on color theory, like a


monochromatic scheme. A color palette refers
to the actual colors that you've chosen, based
on your color scheme. So if you chose a
complementary color scheme, the color
palette would include colors by name or by
paint color. It's more specific to your project.
z

What is the
difference
between a
color scheme
and a color
palette?
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How are colours classified?

▪ Understanding the Color Wheel


Three Primary Colors (Ps): Red, Yellow, Blue.
Three Secondary Colors (S'): Orange, Green,
Violet. Six Tertiary Colors (Ts): Red-Orange,
Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green,
Blue-Violet, Red-Violet, which are formed
by mixing a primary with a secondary.
z
What is color illusion?

▪ Colour illusions are images where the object's


surrounding colours trick the eye into
incorrectly interpreting the colour. What's
happening with #TheDress is that your eye is
either discounting the blue so you're seeing
white and gold, or discounting the gold so your
eye sees blue and black.
z

4 Types of Illusions

According to that,
there are three main
classes: physical,
physiological, and
cognitive illusions, 1. Ambiguities,
and in each class 2. distortions,
there are four kinds: 3. paradoxes, and
4. fictions.
z
What are illusory colors?

▪ But the study of illusory colors—colors that


the brain is tricked into seeing—
demonstrates that color processing in the
brain occurs hand in hand with processing
of other properties, such as shape and
boundary.
z
What is the illusion of color mixing?

▪ Simultaneous contrast may create an optical


illusion that appears to lighten or darken the
hue of a given color depending on whether it
is placed beside a second color that is darker
or lighter in hue. embraced by French painter
Georges Seurat and become central to his
concept of visual color mixing.
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Why is it called an illusion?

▪ illusion implies a false ascribing of reality


based on what one sees or imagines.
hallucination implies impressions that are
the product of disordered senses, as
because of mental illness or drugs. mirage
in its extended sense applies to an illusory
vision, dream, hope, or aim.
Can you imagine other colors?
z

▪ No physical object can have an imaginary color. The spectral sensitivity curve of
medium-wavelength ("M") cone cells overlaps those of short-wavelength ("S")
and long-wavelength ("L") cone cells. Light of any wavelength that interacts
with M cones also interacts with S or L cones, or both, to some extent.
z
Why do people see illusions?

▪ Your senses gather


information and send it to
your brain. But your brain
does not simply receive
this information—it
creates your perception of
the world. This means
that sometimes your brain
fills in gaps when there is
incomplete information, or
creates an image that isn't
even there!
z
z

Are colors optical


illusions?

▪ Are colors optical illusions?

▪ The Illusion of Colors

▪ Color only starts to exist when our perception systems produce


the impression of 'color': light is perceived on the retina as a
stimulus and is processed into a perception of color in our brain.
In substance, colors are already illusions in themselves...
luminous signals – that fill in the background of our eyes.
z
What is color
fading
illusion?

▪ Troxler's fading, also called Troxler fading or the Troxler effect, is


an optical illusion affecting visual perception. When one fixates
on a particular point for even a short period of time, an
unchanging stimulus away from the fixation point will fade away
and disappear.
z

Do we actually see color?

▪ Light receptors within the


eye transmit messages to
the brain, which produces
the familiar sensations of
color. Newton observed that
color is not inherent in
objects. Rather, the surface
of an object reflects some
colors and absorbs all the
others. We perceive only the
reflected colors.
z
How do humans see colour?

▪ Light travels into the eye to the retina


located on the back of the eye. The retina
is covered with millions of light sensitive
cells called rods and cones. When these
cells detect light, they send signals to the
brain. Cone cells help detect colors.
z
How many colors can humans see?
▪ Since each type of cone enables the eye to
distinguish approximately 100 shades, the
average human combines those exponentially
and is able to see about 1 million shades.
Evidence suggests that some people have four
types of cones — including an additional
orange one — and are able to see 100 million
shades.
z
Do People see different colors?

▪ One reason why people may perceive


colour differently is due to individual
variations in the number and sensitivity of
cone cells. Some people may have more or
fewer cone cells than others, or their cone
cells may respond differently to certain
wavelengths of light.

Common questions

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Color illusion differs from color reality as it involves misinterpretation by the brain, creating perceptions that do not match the physical properties of the stimulus. In contrast, color reality involves direct perception of wavelengths as reflected by objects, though also subject to individual perception variations .

Understanding color illusions can enhance artistic techniques by allowing artists to manipulate perceptions to create depth, contrast, or harmony in their work. Techniques that leverage illusions like simultaneous contrast can add vibrancy and dynamic interaction between elements, enriching visual experiences .

People may perceive colors differently due to individual variations in the number and sensitivity of cone cells in their retinas. These variations can lead to differences in how certain wavelengths of light are interpreted by the brain, affecting color perception even under the same lighting conditions .

The brain plays a crucial role in color perception as an optical illusion by processing light stimuli received from the eyes and constructing the perception of color. This process involves interpreting luminous signals and filling gaps where information may be incomplete, leading to color illusions .

The illusion of color mixing, such as simultaneous contrast, demonstrates the principle of visual perception where the context or surrounding colors influence the perception of a color. This occurs when a color appears to change in hue, brightness, or saturation depending on adjacent colors, tricking the eye into seeing variations that are not physically present, as utilized by Georges Seurat in his art .

Troxler's fading illustrates the limitations of human visual perception by demonstrating how the brain deprioritizes unchanging stimuli over time, leading to fading or disappearance from perception. This highlights the brain's tendency to focus on changing or contrasting information to conserve cognitive resources .

In the color wheel system, primary colors (red, yellow, blue) are fundamental and cannot be created by mixing other colors. Secondary colors (orange, green, violet) are formed by mixing two primary colors. Tertiary colors result from mixing a primary color with an adjacent secondary color, creating colors like red-orange or yellow-green .

A color scheme is an organized method of selecting colors based on color theory, often to ensure visual harmony and balance, while a color palette refers to the specific set of colors chosen for a particular project. The palette is a practical application of the scheme, containing specific shades or paint colors .

The study of illusory colors provides insights into the brain's active role in sensory processing by showing how it integrates signals regarding color, shape, and boundaries into coherent perceptions. This demonstrates that perception extends beyond mere stimulus reception to complex interpretation and construction by the brain .

A color scheme influences the overall aesthetic of a design by creating a harmonious or contrasting visual experience that can affect the viewer's perception and emotional response. Different color schemes, such as monochromatic or complementary, offer specific ways to unify elements or create dynamic interactions between colors .

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