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Japan's Judicial and Local Government System

The document outlines the judicial and local government systems in Japan, highlighting the appointment and age limits of judges, including the Supreme Court's lack of power to review legislative acts. It describes the centralized administrative structure divided into 46 prefectures, each led by a prefect appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, with local governance involving elected councils and mayors. Additionally, it notes the administration of smaller towns and villages through local councils, reflecting a system influenced by Swiss direct democracy.

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jayhari261025
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4 views1 page

Japan's Judicial and Local Government System

The document outlines the judicial and local government systems in Japan, highlighting the appointment and age limits of judges, including the Supreme Court's lack of power to review legislative acts. It describes the centralized administrative structure divided into 46 prefectures, each led by a prefect appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, with local governance involving elected councils and mayors. Additionally, it notes the administration of smaller towns and villages through local councils, reflecting a system influenced by Swiss direct democracy.

Uploaded by

jayhari261025
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

692 an iNmoDLcnoN lO poliiics

alter a rigid
and 281 Local Courts. Judges wcic icuiuicd
test of their fitness by a system of
competitive examination.
to hold
All judges were appointed by the Emperor and used
office up to the age of 63 but only in the case
of the President

of the judges of the Supieinc Couit the age limit nas


fixed

at 65. The Supreme Court of Japan, liie the Supicme Couir


of the [Link]„ had no pouci icvicw over act-
of judicial
passed by the Diet Criminal cases iscie tned with the help
of a Jury consistirg of ten male jurors of the age of 30 judge'-
once appointed could not be removed except by impeachment
Besides ordinary and administrative courts, thcie were mili-
tary courts as well.

Local Government

Asher legal and judicial system, so in tlic admimstra-


in
don of local government, Japan pref cried the French system
ro either the British or the Geiman system As a result, tilt
administrative system was highly centralised.

For convenience of administration, the whole country


was divided into 46 districts (Prefectuics) with a Prefect at
the head who was appointed by the mimstiy of the Interior
Each prefecture had an elective council but the Prefect as
an agent of the cential govemment was the chief executive
bead who was responsible only to the ministry of the Interior.
His mam function was to maintain law and order, to look
after education, health, agriculture and industry within his
jurisdiction and if necessary, he had to administer the law'
of conscription

The Districts or the Prefectures were mapped ofl into a


number of towns and villages. The administration of
cities,
dues was entrusted to an elected "Mayor and an elected city
council

Towns and had almost the same pattern


villages
of ad-
^
ministration each with an elected executive and an
elected
council Following the Swi<?s system of direct democracy,
tlie
smaller villages were administered by
the village councils
consisting of all the voters of the
locality under the control of

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