Evolution
Name the following:
1. The birth place of human beings.
2. The person who proposed the theory of use and disuse of organs.
3. The theory of natural selection was written by -
4. Who wrote Origin of species?
5. The immediate ancestor of modern human being.
6. The human ancestor who lived in Eastern and Southern Africa.
7. The first hominine who shows bipedal locomotion.
8. The first human ancestor who walked upright.
9. The human ancestor who had rounded skull and a vertical forehead.
10. The name Homo sapiens to human beings was given by -
Choose the correct option from the bracket and complete.
1. The species of human being who lived around 2mya.
a. Cro-Magnon
b. Homo sapiens
c. Neanderthals
d. Homo erectus
2. The species that showed obligate bipedalism.
a. Australopithecus
b. Homo habilis
c. Neanderthals
d. Homo erectus
3. The human ancestor who was called as handy man.
a. Homo erectus
b. Neanderthals
c. Cro-Magnon
d. Homo habilis
4. The human ancestor who had a cranial capacity of 850-1000 cc
a. Homo habilis
b. Homo erectus
c. Homo sapiens
d. Cro-Magnon
Find the odd one out.
1. Pinna, Diaphragm, Vermiform appendix, Wisdom teeth.
2. Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Tuang baby, Homo erectus.
3. Java ape man, Peking man, Cro-Magnon man, Homo erectus
4. Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man, Modern man, Tuang baby.
5. Natural selection, Survival of fittest, Variations, Overuse of organs.
6. Use and disuse of organs, Overuse of organs, Acquired characters, Natural selection
DIFFERNTIATE
1. Homo erectus and Homo habilis (cranial capacity).
Homo erectus Homo habilis
Homo erectus had an average cranial Homo habilis cranial capacity between 750 to
capacity of about 850 to 1000 cc 1225 cc
2. Australopithecus and Neanderthals (period of living)
Australopithecus Neanderthals
They has lived around four million years ago They had lived around 500000 to 600000
years
3. Homo erectus and Homo habilis (Canine teeth)
Homo erectus Homo habilis
Had large canine teeth Had small canine teeth
Answer the following
1. Explain the theory of inheritance of acquired characters
Ans: The theory states that if an organism changes to adapt to its environment, those
changes are passed on to its offspring. i.e. Physiological changes acquired over the life of an
organism may be transmitted through offspring.
2. Taking an example explain the theory of use and disuse.
Ans: The theory of use and disuse was proposed by Lamarck. He theorised that organism
loose characteristics they do not require and developed characteristics that are useful, Ex:
The neck of giraffe was long because it stretched to reach leaves on high trees.
3. What is natural selection by Darwin?
Ans: Natural selection is the principle by which each slight variation of a trait is useful, is
preserved.
4. What is evolution?
Ans: Evolution is the gradual change in the heritable characteristics of organisms from a
simple to more complex form.
5. State the features Neanderthals with respect to bipedalism, cranial capacity and chin.
Ans: Neanderthals walked upright and showed bipedalism. They had a cranial capacity of
1600 cc and had angled cheek bones.
6. Mention the period of living of Australopithecus and Homo erectus.
Ans: Australopithecus lived around 5 million years ago, Homo erectus lived around 1.7 million
years ago.
7. What was the earlist defining human trait?
Ans: Bipedalism.
8. How old is human evolution?
Ans: Humans first evolved in Africa. They lived between 6 and 12 mya.
9. Give some characteristics of Homo sapiens.
Ans: a. Large and complex brai
b. Ability to communicative in any language.
c. Ability to think and capable of reasoning.
10. Name the famous books by Lemark and Darwin on evolution.
[Link] do you mean by vestigial organ ? Give two examples of human vestigial organ.
The organs that are present in our body but no any particular use, such organs are called vestigial
organs.
Eg: Wisdom teeth, Ear pinna, vermiform appendix.
[Link] is industrial melanism?
An adaptation by peppered moths living in industrial area by developing melanin pigment to
match with surrounding and to protect themselves. Before industries the number of dark moths
reduced due to clear air and after industrialization the number of gray moth reduced due to
smoke ,dark moth increased.
[Link] the first time fire and tools were used by ____________ & ________
[Link] cheek bones were found in ___________
15._________ was called as skill full person.