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Essential Exercises for AM/IS/ARE Usage

The document consists of multiple exercises focused on grammar and sentence structure, including identifying correct and incorrect sentences, choosing appropriate answers for given prompts, and completing sentences with the correct grammatical forms. Exercises cover various aspects of English language usage, such as reported speech, indirect questions, and sentence clarity. The exercises are designed to test and reinforce understanding of English grammar rules.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
15 views7 pages

Essential Exercises for AM/IS/ARE Usage

The document consists of multiple exercises focused on grammar and sentence structure, including identifying correct and incorrect sentences, choosing appropriate answers for given prompts, and completing sentences with the correct grammatical forms. Exercises cover various aspects of English language usage, such as reported speech, indirect questions, and sentence clarity. The exercises are designed to test and reinforce understanding of English grammar rules.

Uploaded by

AbuUmmu Zaidan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exercise A:

State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.


1. It is unfortunate that the meal is not ready yet.
2. She told me when should I pick up the children.
3. The instructor explained where was the computer lab located.
4. We could not believe what he did to us.
5. I want to know if is it going to rain tomorrow.
6. We never know whether we will get paid or not.
7. This evening you can decide what do you want to do.
8. The manager explained how he wanted the work done.
9. The map showed where the party would be held.
10. Can you tell me why was the mail not delivered today?

Exercise B
Choose the correct answer.
1. I had an accident and took my car to the garage. My husband asked me where …...
a. is my car
b. my car was
c. my car is
d. was my car
e. is your car?
2. The old lady next door must have a lot of cats. I don't know how many …...
a. cats does she have
b. does she has cats
c. she has cats
d. cats she has
e. cats has she
3. Do you know ….. from the earth? I have no idea.
a. how far the moon is
b. how far is the moon
c. how the moon is far
d. if how far the moon is
e. whether how is the moon far
4. Your brother is playing his music too loud. I can't hear what …...
a. is saying your brother
b. that your brother is saying
c. is saying your brother
d. your brother is saying
e. your brother says
5. When I left home, my uncle gave me some advice. He said ….. give up.
a. I shouldn't
b. that shouldn't
c. don't
d. that I don't
e. no
6. Jill didn't want to go to the car show. Her husband insisted that ….. with him.
a. she come
b. she came
c. she had come
d. she comes
e. she has come
7. My boss wants this report immediately. He demanded that it ….. ready by 5:00.
a. is
b. will be
c. be
d. was
e. should be
8. Did he tell you where ….. the report when you finish?
a. should you put
b. you to put
c. you put
d. to put
e. will you put
9. My friend predicted ….. receive a lot praise for my work.
a. that I would
b. that I
c. what would I
d. what I
e. that I will
10. My friend saw an accident. He told me ….. at the scene of the accident.
a. if he'd seen
b. what he saw
c. what he'd seen
d. whether he saw
e. that he'd seen
11. Is it true that all movies will be available online? ….. is wonderful!
a. That all movies will be available
b. All movies will be available
c. Due to the fact that all movies will be available
d. It is that all movies will be available
e. Being available all movies
12. Can you tell me how to fix my computer? That depends on ….. an old computer.
a. have you
b. whether you have
c. that have you
d. if have you
e. about your having
13. Is it true ….. people are saying about the new laptops?
a. that what
b. that
c. if
d. whether or not
e. what
14. ….. light-weight is important.
a. A computer is
b. Is a computer
c. If a computer is
d. Whether or not a computer is
e. Is a computer
15. A: What are you going to do with your old computer?
B: Nothing! ….. is too expensive.
a. That I want to do
b. What I want to do
c. That what I want to do
d. What do I want to do
e. If what I want to do

Exercise C
Choose the correct answer.
1. ____ they didn't attend this important meeting is still a mystery for us.
A) What
B) That
C) Why
D) When
E) Where
2. After I went out, I suddenly realized that ____.
A) I would forget to lock the door
B) I have to take my book with me
C) I will have finished my assignment
D) they arrived at the place which had been appointed
E) I had forgotten to take the key
3. He can't believe ____ he gave up smoking last week.
A) what
B) when
C) whether
D) why
E) how
4. It seems ____ he won't be able to catch the last bus to the terminal.
A) that
B) why
C) what
D) when
E) as
5. ____ he chose to go this summer is not known by anyone.
A) In which
B) What
C) When
D) Where
E) Which
6. No one knows ____ he has finished all the necessary preparation. I will ask him tomorrow
morning.
A) in which
B) if
C) what
D) that
E) which
7. There is a common belief throughout human history ____.
A) where to live
B) that hell or heaven will be visited after death
C) the Mongols cannot be defeated
D) the horse is the main vehicle of transportation
E) the ancestor of all the nations originated in Asia
8. I wonder ____.
A) how can a television work
B) how can he be so rude
C) what does he think
D) why is he so anti-social
E) how a person can run 100 meters under 10 seconds
9. What he was talking about in public ____ something he should only talk about with his
intimate friends.
A) have been
B) what
C) how
D) is
E) that
10.____ the speaker said next was lost in the general uproar.
A) Why
B) The thing
C) How
D) What
E) Whether
11. I couldn't have known ____ the bus comes.
A) where
B) when
C) in which
D) at what
E) how
12. I’d rather you didn't say anything ____ he proposed to you.
A) what
B) when
C) how
D) why
E) whether
13. It is very obvious ____.
A) what did he ask the lecturer
B) why is she going to marry a man who is 20 years older than herself
C) that AIDS has changed social practices
D) the one of the seven deadly sins is pride
E) it is impossible for man to live without water
14. If a person buys something in every store ____ he enters, for instance, a therapist might teach
him self-discipline by making him go to a store and leave not buying anything.
A) what
B) where
C) that
D) how
E) in which
[Link] one could really understand ____ he left the meeting at the very beginning of the debate.
A) what
B) why
C) where
D) whom
E) whether

Exercise D
Choose the correct answer.
1. Scientists cannot agree on ______ related to other orders of insects.
(A) that fleas are
(B) how fleas are
(C) how are fleas
(D) fleas that are
2. It was in 1875 ______ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard
University.
(A) that Anna Winlock
(B) Anna Winlock, who
(C) as Anna Winlock
(D) Anna Winlock then
3. ______ is a narrow strip of woods along a stream in an open grassland.
(A) Ecologists use the term “gallery forest”
(B) What do ecologists call a “gallery forest”
(C) “Gallery forest” is the term ecologists use
(D) What ecologists call a “gallery forest”
4. ______ so incredible is that these insects successfully migrate to places that they have never
even seen.
(A) That makes the monarch butterflies’ migration
(B) The migration of the monarch butterflies is
(C) What makes the monarch butterflies’ migration
(D) The migration of the monarch butterflies, which is
5. In order to grow vegetables properly, gardeners must know ______.
(A) what the requirements for each vegetable are
(B) that the requirements for each vegetable
(C) what are each vegetable’s requirements
(D) that is required by each vegetable
6. For many years people have wondered ______ exists elsewhere in the universe.
(A) that life
(B) life which
(C) whether life
(D) life as it
7. ______ was caused by breathing impure air was once a common belief.
(A) Malaria
(B) That malaria
(C) Why malaria
(D) Because malaria
8. One basic question psychologists have tried to answer is ______ .
(A) people learn
(B) how do people learn
(C) people learn how
(D) how people learn
9. The judges had an extremely hard time deciding ______.
(A) who's painting was the best
(B) whose painting was the best
(C) painting who was the best
(D) the best painting was who
10. No one is sure ______.
(A) what did it happen in front of the building.
(B) what it happened in front of the building.
(C) what does it happen in front of the building.
(D) what happened in front of the building.

Common questions

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Differentiating between direct and indirect speech is essential for accurately conveying information and intentions without misunderstanding. The sources illustrate this with sentence constructions that incorporate indirect speech, such as 'He told me what he'd seen at the scene of the accident' instead of a direct form like 'He told me: "I saw…"'. Understanding the conversion of direct to indirect speech involves altering pronouns, tense, and word order to reflect a reported speech format without direct quotations .

Criteria for determining the most grammatically correct option involve understanding sentence structure, use of correct word order, and distinguishing between grammatical moods. For instance, selecting 'what he saw' in the sentence 'He told me what he saw at the scene of the accident' illustrates the use of noun clauses correctly in the absence of direct speech markers. This involves evaluating correct verb forms, such as subjunctive mode in expressions of necessity, and confirming alignment of the grammatical number and tense .

Enhancing the learning of conditional constructs for ESL students can involve integrating contextualized practice and real-life applications. Pedagogical techniques such as role-playing scenarios where students must use conditionals to navigate choices or predict outcomes ('If I had forgotten to take the key, then...') strengthen understanding through application. Supporting activities might include gap-filling exercises based on dialogue from the sources or collaborative projects where students choose the best conditional form based on varying real-world situations .

The error in sentence construction arises from the misuse of inverted word order in indirect questions. For instance, sentences like 'She told me when should I pick up the children' should have the order 'when I should' instead of 'when should I' . Indirect questions use a subject-verb order, differing from direct questions, which employ inversion to form a query.

Contextual interpretation is crucial for selecting the correct answer because it involves understanding the meaning and function of words or phrases within a sentence. For example, in "I wonder how a person can run 100 meters under 10 seconds," the correct form understands 'how' as starting an indirect question and 'how a person can' as a meaningful unit rather than isolating elements for inversion as used in direct questions . Absent proper context, misinterpretation of sentence functions is likely.

Incorrect word order in complex sentential clauses negatively impacts language comprehension by disrupting the logical flow and hierarchical structure that language users depend on to extract meaning. For example, the sentence 'The instructor explained where was the computer lab located' should instead be ordered as 'where the computer lab was located' to maintain an understandable clause structure . Violating expected syntactic patterns could lead to confusion and misinterpretation of intended messages.

Improper use of the subjunctive mood in commands and requests can obscure meaning and lead to ambiguity regarding the speaker's intent. For instance, in the sentence 'He demanded that it be ready by 5:00', 'be' is in the subjunctive to imply a formal command. Using an indicative mood like 'is' instead could wrongly suggest a statement of fact rather than a demand or expectation. The subjunctive is crucial in expressing hypothetical or non-real situations, particularly in formal or written English .

Understanding error patterns typical to ESL learners, such as applying incorrect inversion in subordinate clauses or failing to maintain consistent verb tense, can guide teaching strategies by targeting these weaknesses. For example, in correcting 'Can you tell me why was the mail not delivered today?' to 'why the mail was not delivered', instructors can focus on teaching the structure of direct versus indirect questions. Strategies like targeted practice on subject-verb-object order in indirect questions, and exercises on verb tense consistency, offer focused improvements for learners .

The choice of appropriate relative pronouns or adverbs maintains sentence clarity by correctly linking clauses. For instance, "I couldn't have known when the bus comes" uses 'when' correctly as a relative adverb to introduce a clause specifying the time, whereas an incorrect choice might confuse the sentence structure or meaning . Choosing the wrong pronoun can lead to a lack of clarity or incorrect sentence construction.

Understanding the audience's expectations in language usage can significantly affect communication effectiveness by ensuring that the style and complexity of sentence structures are appropriate for their comprehension level. For example, using indirect questions like 'I had forgotten to take the key' aligns well with formal or academic audiences that expect a more structured and less colloquial approach. Conversely, failing to adjust sentence complexity could lead to miscommunication or misunderstanding, especially if the language use surpasses the audience's interpretive abilities .

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