Chapter 1: Categories of Computers and Computer Languages
A. Fill in the blanks
1. A __________ is a set of instructions, which tells the computer what to do.
Ans: Program
2. The development of computer languages can be classified into ________ categories.
Ans: Four
3. _________ language consists of binary numbers, i.e. 0 and 1.
Ans: Machine
4. _________ language uses simple English words and Mathematical operators.
Ans: High level
5. _________ language uses mnemonic codes or symbols.
Ans: Assembly
6. In binary language, 0 means _________ and 1 means _________ state.
Ans: Off and On
7. __________ is the world?s fastest Super Computer.
Ans: Summit
8. The ____________ computers are also called Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs).
Ans: Handheld
9. An ____________ has a computer hardware with software, embedded into a larger device.
Ans: Embedded system
10. A ______________ translates a high level language program into machine language.
Ans: Language processor
B. State True or False
1. Machine language is the only language that a computer understands.
Ans: True
2. Assembly language is regarded as the first generation language.
Ans: False
3. Each programming language has its own specific rules.
Ans: True
4. A compiler converts a high level language program into machine language line by line.
Ans: False
5. The high level language program has to be converted into the machine language by the translator
programs.
Ans: True
6. Programming is the process of writing specific instructions in a computer language.
Ans: True
7. Machine language uses mnemonic codes.
Ans: False
8. Embedded systems are equipped with touch screens.
Ans: False
9. A Game Console can also be connected to a television or a computer.
Ans: True
10. A computer can easily understand a high level language.
Ans: False
C. Application Based Questions
1. Raman is working in the National Weather Forecasting agency. Which type of computer is he
using to forecast the weather conditions?
Ans: Super Computer
2. Which type of computer do Indian Railways use to interact with the customers for the booking and
cancellation of tickets?
Ans: Mainframe Computer
3. Sumit is trying his hand at Java programming, but he does not know which type of language it is.
Help him to solve his query.
Ans: High Level Language
D. Multiple Choice Questions
1. A program written in the assembly language is called __________
a. Assembler b. Source Program c. Object Program
Ans: b. Source Program
2. An _________ converts a high level language program into machine language, line by line.
a. Assembler b. Compiler c. Interpreter
Ans: c. Interpreter
3. The program converted into machine language by the translator is called _________
a. Source Program b. Object Program c. Assembler
Ans: b. Object Program
4. Laptops usually have ___________ inch screen.
a. 11 to 12 inch b. 13 to 15 inch c. 16 to 18 inch
Ans: b. 13 to 15 inch
5. ________ are used in homes, schools, shops, offices, banks, etc.
a. Micro computers b. Mini Computers c. Super computers
Ans: a. Micro Computers
E. Answer the Following Questions
1. What do you mean by Machine language?
Ans: Machine language is the only language that a computer understands. It is expressed in binary
form (0 and 1), where 0 means Off state and 1 means On state.
2. How is Assembly language different from Machine language?
Ans: Assembly language uses symbolic codes called mnemonic codes, while machine language
uses binary digits (0 and 1). Assembly language is easier to work with.
3. What are the features of a High level language?
Ans: It is simple, user-friendly, and machine-independent. It is also easy to learn and use.
4. Differentiate between an Interpreter and a Compiler.
Ans: Interpreter converts high-level language to machine language line by line (slower execution).
Compiler converts the entire program at once (faster execution).
5. List any three characteristics of the Fourth Generation Language.
Ans:
- Highly user-friendly
- Platform and machine independent
- High execution speed and low cost of development
6. Name the types of Micro computers. Explain any one.
Ans: Types include desktop, laptop, tablet, palmtop, handheld devices, smartphones, game
consoles, and embedded systems.
Example: Laptop - Portable, foldable, and runs on rechargeable batteries.
7. Write the difference between Laptop and Tablet.
Ans: Tablets are smaller and use touchscreens for navigation. Laptops are larger, have physical
keyboards, and no touchscreen.
8. Write a short note on embedded systems.
Ans: Embedded systems have computer hardware and software integrated into larger devices. They
include components like CPU, RAM, and ROM but lack keyboards or screens. Examples: washing
machines, TVs, printers.
9. What are handheld devices? Give an example.
Ans: Handheld devices are small and portable, can be held in one hand. Example: smartphones,
tablets.