Basic Mandarin: Asking Locations
Basic Mandarin: Asking Locations
Unit Five, Lesson One If the dictionary is in your room, you say
Dì-w d nyuán, Dì-y kè Cídin zài w de fángji n l .
Fàndiàn zài nl? (Where is the hotel?) If it is on the bookshelf, you say
Cídin zài sh jià shàng.
In this lesson, you will learn how to describe the position of an object or place.
Are you ready? Close-up
Zh nbèi ho le ma? Zài can also mean “at.” For example, T zài túsh gun. (He is at the library.)
Then let’s begin! T zài ji . (He is at home.) T bú zài ji (He is not at home.)
Nà wmen k ish ba!
Page 79
Page 77 To say “next to,” “in front of,” and “behind,” we say
Word Bank pángbi n (next to)
fàndiàn; duì; fùjìn; pángbi n; duìmiàn; zubi n; yòubi n; qiánmiàn; hòumiàn; zh ngji n qiánmiàn (in front of)
hòumiàn (behind)
Page 78
We use the word nl (where) to ask about locations. If we want to ask where someone or Look at the photo of David and his friends. David is next to Gao Jian, so we say
something is, we say the name of the person or object, followed by zài nl . David zài G o Jiàn pángbi n.
Wang Peng is in front of Gao Jian, so we say
The word l means “in”. And the word shàng means “on”. Wáng Péng zài G o Jiàn qiánmiàn.
Take note Chinese position words appear at the end of the sentence, and this is unlike Ayumi is behind Li Ming, so we say
English. Ayumi zài L Míng hòumiàn.
For example, Did you notice that the sentence structure is always: A zài B, followed by the position
David zài nl ? word? Let’s listen to the rest of the examples.
(Where is David?).
If he is in the kitchen, you say David is on the left of Gao Jian, so we can say,
T zài chúfáng l . David zài G o Jiàn zu bi n.
If he is on the balcony, you say Li Ming is on the right of Ayumi, so we can say
T zài yángtái shàng. L Míng zài Ayumi yòubi n.
Gao Jian is between David and Wang Peng, so we can say
Let’s take a look at another example, G o Jiàn zài David hé Wáng Péng zh ngji n.
Cídin zài nl ?
(Where is the dictionary?).
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In addition to pángbi n, qiánmiàn, hòumiàn, zubi n, yòubi n, and zh ngji n, there is If the answer is yes, the reply is
also another position word, duìmiàn (across from). For example, if the bank is across Duì, the place zài fùjìn. (Yes, the place is nearby.).
from the hospital, you can say If the answer is no, the reply is
Yínháng zài y yuàn duìmiàn. Bù, the place bú zài fùjìn. (No, the place is not nearby.).
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DAVID: Xièxie n. (Thank you.) If you take the subway to work, you say
WOMAN: Bú kèqi. (You’re welcome.) W zuò dìti qù shàngb n.
Here is another example,
Page 81 N z nme qù b ihuò gngs ? (How did you go to the department store?)
Pronunciation If you took a taxi there, you say
Change of tones W zuò chzch qù b ihuò gngs .
In previous lessons, we discussed tonal changes in third-tone words and the word y .
Let’s now take a look at another tonal change – involving the word bù (no; not). Bù is Close-up
normally pronounced in the fourth tone. However, when bù is followed by a fourth-tone The word zuò literally means ‘to sit.’
word, it is pronounced in the second tone. ‘Zuò followed by the mode of transport’ means to take or travel using that mode of
bù g o transport.
bù xíng
bù xi ng Let’s take a look at some modes of transport.
bú yào b shì (bus)
chzch (taxi)
dìti (subway)
Page 83 gngji och (bus)
Unit Five, Lesson Two huch (train)
Dì-w d nyuán, Dì-èr kè f ij (airplane)
Huchzhàn znme zu? (How do I get to the train station?) chuán (boat)
In this lesson, you will learn how to understand simple directions. In China gngji och refers to intra-city buses, while b shì refers to long-distance buses.
Are you ready?
Zhnbèi h o le ma? Page
Then let’s begin! Exercise One, Liànxí y
Nà wmen k ish ba! Ayumi’s friend, Xiao Wang, is going on a trip around China. Listen as the two of them talk
about Xiao Wang’s trip.
Word Bank AYUMI: Xi o Wáng, n yào qù n l? (Xiao Wang, where are you going?)
z nme; huch zhàn; zhàn; lái; zuò; dào; zu; zhu n; lùku; guò XIAO WANG: J nti n w yào zuò b shì dào Hángzhu, míngti n w yào zuò chuán qù
wán, hòuti n w yào qù Shàngh i.
Page 84 (I am going to take bus to Hangzhou today. Tomorrow I’m going to take
To find out how to get to a place, we use z nme (how) to ask a question. For example, boat to do some sightseeing. The day after tomorrow I’m going to
N z nme qù shàngb n? (How do you go to work?) Shanghai.)
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AYUMI: N yào z nme qù Shàngh i? (How are you going to Shanghai?) Lùku means ‘intersection’, so zài lùku means ‘at the intersection’.
XIAO WANG: W yào zuò f ij qù Shàngh i. Zài Shàngh i w k y zuò gngji och qù Guò means ‘to pass’.
wán.
(I’m going to fly to Shanghai. I can take a bus to go sightseeing in So when you ask,
Shanghai.) Huch zhàn z nme zu?
Zàilái n yào qù n l? (Where are you going after that?)
AYUMI: the reply, could be
XIAO WANG: W yào qù Sìchu n. (I want to go to Sichuan.) Zài lùku zu zhu n zu èrshí f nzh ng. (Turn left at the intersection, and walk straight
AYUMI: N yào z nme qù Sìchu n? (How are you going to Sichuan?) for 20 minutes.)
XIAO WANG: W yào zuò huch qù. (I’m going to take a train.) Or
AYUMI: Sìchu n yu dìti ma? (Is there the subway in Sichuan?) Yòu zhu n, zhí zu, guò li ng ge lùku. (Turn right, walk straight, and pass two
XIAO WANG: Sìchu n méi yu dìti . (There is no subway in Sichuan.) intersections.)
AYUMI: Nà n yào z nme qù fàndiàn? (Then, how will you get to the hotel?)
XIAO WANG: W zuò chzch qù fàndiàn. (I will take a taxi to the hotel.) Now, to practice listening to directions, let’s move on to the next exercise.
AYUMI: N b ozhòng, zàijiàn. (Take care, bye-bye.)
XIAO WANG: N y shì, zàijiàn. (You too, bye.) Page 85
Exercise Two, Liànxí èr
Did you understand everything? If not, don’t worry. Just listen to the conversation again. Xiao Wang is in Sichuan, and he’s asking for directions to a few places. Listen to the
conversation.
Page 85 a.
What if you are lost? You would need to ask for help, that’s for sure. To tell someone that XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, b shìzhàn z nme zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the bus station?)
you are lost, you say WOMAN: Zhí zu w f nzh ng jiù dào le. (Walk straight for 5 minutes and you’ll be there.)
W mílù le. b.
Then, you could say XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, shdiàn z nme zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the bookstore?)
qngwèn (May I ask), WOMAN: Yòu zhu n, guò yí ge lùku jiù dào le. (Turn right, pass one intersection and you
and the name of the place that you want to go, followed by will be there.)
z nme zu? (How do I get to…?) c.
For example, XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, fàndiàn z nme zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the hotel?)
Qngwèn huch zhàn z nme zu? WOMAN: Zhí zu, guò li ng ge lùku, fàndiàn zài zubi n. (Walk straight, pass two
intersections, and the hotel is on the left side.)
When you ask for directions, here are some key words to look out for in a reply: d.
zhí zu (walk straight) XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, bówùgu n z nme zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the museum?)
zu zhu n (turn left) WOMAN: Yòu zhu n, guò yí ge lùku, bówùgu n zài yòubi n. (Turn right, pass one
yòu zhu n (turn right) intersection, and the museum is on the right side.)
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Can you understand the directions to the places he wants to go to? Listen to the Did you notice that the compass direction w ng b i is given at the start of the sentence?
conversations again if you didn’t get everything.
Page 87
Page 86 Exercise Three, Liànxí s n
Close-up Xiao Wang is getting new directions to a few more places in Sichuan. Listen to the
If you need to ask for directions in Chinese, these are a few useful polite expressions. conversation, and look at the map on page 85 again.
qngwèn (May I ask…) a.
duìbùq (excuse me…) XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, y yuàn w ng n l zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the hospital?)
máfán n (sorry to bother you…) WOMAN: W ng x zu q f nzhng. (Go west for 7 minutes.)
xièxie (thank you) b.
f icháng xièxie n (thank you very much) XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, huch zhàn w ng n l zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the
bù h o yìsi (I’m sorry) train station?)
WOMAN: W ng b i zu shíw f nzhng. (Go north for 15 minutes.)
Page 86 c.
The Chinese sometimes use the compass points when giving directions as well. XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, jib w ng n l zu? (May I ask, how do I get to the bar?)
d ng, nán, x , b i. WOMAN: W ng b i zu w f nzhng, zài w ng x zu q f nzhng.
D ng means east (Go north for 5 minutes, and go west for 7 minutes.)
Nán means south d.
X means west XIAO WANG: Qngwèn, gngyuán w ng nán zu ma? (May I ask, does it go south for
B i means north. the park?)
WOMAN: Bù, gngyuán w ng b i zu. (No, you need to go north.)
Here’s another way to ask for directions… You could say the name of the place you want
to go, followed by
w ng n l zu?
which means “to walk in which direction?” Page 87
Pronunciation
The reply depends on the context. For example, Challenging sounds
Q: Huch zhàn w ng n l zu? (In which direction is the train station?) We looked at some challenging sounds in previous lessons. Let’s focus on a group of these
A: W ng b i, zu shíw f nzh ng. sounds and get more practice.
W ng b i means ‘towards the North’. Group: j, q, x
zu shíw f nzh ng means ‘walk for 15 minutes’. j jú jià ji ji o ji jiàn
So W ng b i, zu shíw f nzh ng means “walk for 15 minutes towards the North”. q qú qià qi qi o qi qiàn
x xú xià xi xi o xi xiàn
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jn ji ng jìng jué ju n jn jing If the answer is bus number 6, the reply will be
qn qi ng qìng qué qu n qn qing N y ngg i zuò liù lù ch .
xn xi ng xìng xué xu n xn xing
Page 90
Is your pronunciation improving? Keep practicing! Here are some examples of words Exercise One, Liànxí y
with these sounds. Robert is a first-time visitor to Beijing. Listen as he asks the hotel receptionist about bus
hóngji qiti n pángxiè routes.
ji ozi qúnzi xixí a.
ji nd o yuqù xi ngshu ROBERT: Qngwèn, dào Ti n Tán y ngg i zuò j lù ch ?
jìnlái qíngrén xi ox n (May I ask, which bus should I take to go to the Temple of Heaven?)
WOMAN: Ti n Tán a, zuò èrshíb lù ch . (The Temple of Heaven, you should take bus
No.28.)
Page 89 b.
Unit Five, Lesson Three ROBERT: Qngwèn, dào Xi ng Sh n y ngg i zuò j lù ch ?
Dì-w d nyuán, Dì-s n kè (May I ask, which bus should I take to go to the Fragrant Hill?)
W y nggi zuò j lù ch? (What bus should I take?) WOMAN: Zuò sì líng q lù ch . (You should take bus No.407.)
c.
In this lesson, you will learn how to ask for information about local transportation. ROBERT: Nà, dào Yuánmíng Yuán ne? (Then, what about to the Summer Palace?)
Are you ready? WOMAN: Dào Yuánmíng Yuán y ngg i zuò liùshíy lù ch .
Zhnbèi h o le ma? (To get to the Summer Palace, you should take bus No.407.)
Then let’s begin! d.
Nà wmen k ish ba! ROBERT: Qngwèn, dào Gùg ng y ngg i zuò j lù ch ?
(May I ask, which bus should I take to go to the Forbidden City?)
Word Bank WOMAN: N y ngg i Zuò ji èr w lù ch . (You should take bus No.925.)
y ngg i; lù; méicuò; piào; zhàn; bù h o yìsi e.
ROBERT: Dào Chángchéng ne? (What about the Great Wall?)
Page 90 WOMAN: S n lù ch . (Bus No.3.)
If you’re going somewhere, and you want to know which bus to take, you say dào followed
by the name of the place, and
y ngg i zuò j lù ch ? Page 90
For example, if you want to go to B ij ng Dàxué (Beijing University), the question will be Close-up
Dào B ij ng Dàxué y ngg i zuò j lù ch ? (Which bus should I take to go to Beijing If there are three (or more) digits in the bus number, each numeral is read out separately.
University?) For example, Bus 278 will be “èr q b lù ch .”
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Page 91 Page 91
Exercise Two, Liànxí èr Exercise Three, Liànxí s n
Robert is now at the bus terminal. Listen as he double-checks the information he’s been Robert is buying bus tickets. Listen, and write down the bus fare to each destination.
given by the hotel. Don’t forget that “cóng A dào B” means ‘from A to B’. And “du sh o qián” means ‘how
Don’t forget that the word “ma” is used to turn statements into Yes-No questions. And much?’.
that “duì” means ‘yes’, and “bù” means ‘no’. a.
a. ROBERT: N h o, w yào m i ch piào. Qngwèn, cóng zhèl dào Xi ng Sh n du sh o
ROBERT: Qngwèn, èrshíb lù ch dào Ti n Tán ma? qián? (Hi, I want to buy a bus ticket. How much does it cost to go from here
(May I ask, does bus No.28 go to the Temple of Heaven?) to the Fragrant Hill?)
WOMAN: Duì, èrshíb lù ch dào Ti n Tán. WOMAN: Cóng zhèl dào Xi ng Sh n liùshíy kuài.
(Yes, bus No.28 goes to the Temple of Heaven.) (It costs 61 dollars to go from here to the Fragrant Hill.)
b. b.
ROBERT: N h o. Qngwèn sì líng q lù ch dào Xi ng Sh n ma? ROBERT: N h o, w yào m i ch piào. Qngwèn, cóng zhèl dào Yuánmíng Yuán
(Hello. May I ask, does bus No.407 go to the Fragrant Hill?) du sh o qián? (Hi, I want to buy a bus ticket. How much does it cost to go
WOMAN: Bù, sì líng q lù ch bú dào Xi ng Sh n, n y ngg i zuò q líng sì lù ch . from here to the Summer Palace?)
(No, bus No.407 does not go to the Fragrant Hill. You should take bus WOMAN: Cóng zhèl dào Yuánmíng Yuán èrshíji kuài. (It costs 29 dollars to go from
No.704.) here to the Summer Palace.)
c. c.
ROBERT: Nà, liùshíy lù ch dào Yuánmíng Yuán ma? ROBERT: N h o, w yào m i ch piào. Qngwèn, cóng zhèl dào Chángchéng du sh o
(Then, does bus No.61 go to the Summer Palace?) qián? (Hi, I want to buy a bus ticket. How much does it cost to go from here
WOMAN: Bù, liùshíy lù ch bú dào Yuánmíng Yuán, n y ngg i zuò liùshíw lù ch . to the Great Wall?)
(No, bus No.61 does not go to the Summer Palace. You should take bus WOMAN: Cóng zhèl dào Chángchéng yì b i y shíw kuài. (It costs 115 dollars to go
No.65.) from here to the Great Wall.)
d. d.
ROBERT: Qngwèn, dào Gù G ng zuò ji èr w lù ch ma? ROBERT: N h o, w yào m i ch piào. Qngwèn, cóng zhèl dào Gù G ng du sh o
(May I ask, does bus No.925 go to the Forbidden City?) qián? (Hi, I want to buy a bus ticket. How much does it cost to go from here
WOMAN: Duì, dào Gù G ng zuò ji èr w lù ch . to the Forbidden City?)
(Yes, bus No.925 goes to the Forbidden City.) WOMAN: Cóng zhèl dào Gù G ng sìshíb kuài. (It costs 48 dollars from here to the
e. Forbidden City.)
ROBERT:Nà, dào Chángchéng zuò s n lù ch ma? e.
(Then, does bus No.3 go to the Great Wall?) ROBERT: N h o, w yào m i ch piào. Qngwèn, cóng zhèl dào Ti n Tán du sh o
WOMAN: Bù, s n lù ch bú dào Chángchéng. N y ngg i zuò shís n lù ch . qián? (Hi, I want to buy a bus ticket. How much does it cost to go from here
(No, bus No.3 does not go to the Great Wall. You should take bus No.13.) to the Temple of Heaven?)
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Page 93
Pronunciation
Challenging sounds
Let’s take a look at another group of sounds and get more practice.
Group: zh, ch, sh
zh zhè zh zhú zh i zhèi zh o zhóu zh n zhèn
ch chè ch chú ch i - ch o chóu ch n chèn
sh shè sh shú sh i shéi sh o shóu sh n shèn
Is your pronunciation improving? Keep trying! Here are some examples of words with
these sounds.
zhu zi chnti n sh ngrì
zhòngliàng chéngshì shu ituì
zhúzi chqù sh ngx n
zhàoxiàng chàngg pásh n
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