CE 2001 Civil Engineering Materials
and Construction
July – November 2023
Instructor
Dr. Adyasha Swayamsiddha Amanta
Office Room - MN 226
Department of Civil Engineering
Email Id - amantaa@[Link]
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Class Schedule:
Tuesday - 10:00 AM to 10:55 AM
Thursday - 09:00 AM to 09:55 AM
Friday - 08:00 AM to 08:55 AM
Grading Policy:
Attendance - 05
Classroom Assessment - 05
Surprise Quizzes/Assignments - 10
Mid Semester Examination - 30
Final Examination - 50
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Some Expectations….
• Attend the class on time.
• Be focused and interact during the lecture.
• NO CHATTING/TEXTING during the lecture using mobile
phones.
• Academic malpractice will not be tolerated.
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Course Objectives
• To gain fundamental understanding about the conventional and
modern construction materials
• To enable students to acquire knowledge on the building systems
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Overview of the course
• Building Materials:
Introduction
Structure and properties of materials - Stones, Bricks (Clay and Fly ash), Blocks,
Lime, Cement, Sand, Aggregate, Water, Tiles, Steel, Timber, Glass for Buildings,
Geosynthetics, Plain and Reinforced Cement Concrete.
• Building Construction:
Building system, Foundations– Shallow and Deep, Masonry- Stone and Brick,
Walls, Floors, Roofs, Doors and Windows, Stairs, Formwork and scaffolding,
Plastering and Pointing, Damp Proofing
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Reference Books
(a) P. C. Varghese, “Building Materials”, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., India, 2014.
(b) P. C. Varghese, “Building Construction”, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., India, 2013.
(c) M. S. Mamlouk and J. P. Zaniewski, “Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers,” 3rd
Ed., Prentice Hall, USA, 2010.
(d) W. B. McKay, “Building Construction – Volumes 1 - 4, 5th Edition, Orient Longman, UK,
1993.
(e) R. Chudley, “Construction Technology – Volumes 1 - 2, 2nd Edition, Longman, UK, 1987.
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Standards
– BIS Standards – especially National Building Code (NBC) - 2016
– CPWD (Central Public Works Department) Specifications – Vol. 1 & 2
– ASTM (American Society of Testing Machines) Standards
– BS (British Standards) Standards
– ACI (American Concrete Institute) standards
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Human Needs
• Traditional
– Food (including water)
– Clothing
– Shelter
• Modern
– Education, Healthcare, infrastructure (roads, bridges, dams, tunnels),
sanitation…..
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Buildings
Definition (NBC):
Any Structure for whatsoever purpose and of whatsoever materials constructed and every part
thereof whether used as human habitation or not and includes foundation, plinth, walls, floors,
roofs, chimneys, plumbing and building services, fixes platforms, verandah, balcony, cornice
or projection, part of a building or anything affixed thereto or any wall enclosing or intended
to enclose any land or space and signs and outdoor display structures. Tents / Shamianahs /
Pandals, Tarpaulin Shelters, etc. erected for temporary and ceremonial occasions shall not be
considered as building.
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Buildings – NBC Classification
Classification (based on occupancy or type of use)
• Group A Residential
• Group B Educational
• Group C Institutional
• Group D Assembly
• Group E Business
• Group F Mercantile
• Group G Industrial
• Group H Storage
• Group J Hazardous 11
Group A Residential
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Group B Educational
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Group C Institutional
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Group D Assembly
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Group E Business
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Group F Mercantile
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Group G Industrial
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Group H Storage
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Group J Hazardous
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Construction Team – Main Players
Client
Architect (Includes Structural Engineer) Contractor
The Client – have specific goals, expectations and a budget
The Architect/Structural Engineer – must guide the client,
propose reasonable, sustainable design solutions, and provide accurate
detailed drawings
The Contractor – must be a responsible craftsman with expertise
and the experience necessary to manage the trades and to build
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Other terminologies associated with buildings
• RERA: Real Estate Regulatory Authority
• High rise buildings
• Carpet area
• Built up area
• Super built up area
• Loading
• Cost per square foot area
• No Objection certificate/ Clearance
• Completion/Occupancy certificate
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Building – Process Involved
• Site selection
• Registration of Land (Sub Registrar Office)
• Surveying & Soil Investigations
• Conceptualization and Plan
• Plan approval (Corporation/Municipality/Panchayat office)
• Structural Design along with Electrical and Plumbing design Client, Architect,
• Estimation and Costing Structural Engineer
• Planning, Scheduling and controlling
• Construction/Execution
• Operation and Maintenance (at regular intervals) Construction Manager
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Building Ready for occupancy
[Link]
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Site Selection
• Orientation (Maximise the use of nature)
• Underground water quality
• Access to facilities (Educational/ Business/..)
• Transportation facilities
• Protect habitat
• A truly sustainable site will reduce
– transportation demand,
– restore degraded or contaminated areas,
– minimize impacts (pollution), and
– manage storm water to protect water quality and ecosystems
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The Design Process
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Construction of Buildings - Process
• Recruiting the Construction team
• Understanding the Plan, Design details
• QA/QC (Quality Assurance/ Quality Control) plan
• Identification/selection, procurement of materials (At regular intervals)
• Identification/selection/renting, procurement of Construction equipments, tools (on need based)
• Site preparation, Construction of sheds, fences, Excavation
• Foundation
• Plinth beam
• Columns Formwork, placing of rebars, concreting, Curing
• Beams & Slabs
• Stairs
• Masonry –Walls, Doors, Windows, Lintels
• Plumbing and electrical conduits work
• Plastering (Internal and External with proper curing)
• Floor Finish (Tiles/Stones) and Building finishes (Painting)
• Building services (Lighting, Ventilation, Acoustics, Air-conditioning/Heating, Elevators)
• Plumbing Services (Water supply, drainage and sanitation)
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