Sentence starter for evaluating the significant
Topic A.1 Types of tourism
Know the differences between types of tourism
● Domestic tourism: definition – taking holidays and trips in your own
country
● Outbound tourism: definition – travelling to a different country for a visit
or holiday
● Inbound tourism: definition – visitors from overseas coming into the
country.
The negative environmental impacts of tourism
Erosion of natural resources
natural resources come under pressure with locals & tourists needing them.
Water shortages can occur with things like golf courses needed huge
amounts of water. land becomes more expensive & too expensive for locals
Loss of habitat
Building tourist facilities - hotels, golf courses etc, can destroy natural
habitat. Loss of plants and animals cannot be replaced. soil erosion is
common problem tourists & vehicles can destroy fragile habitat & scare
animals
Pollution
With the growth of tourism comes the growth of pollution: waste increases &
local waste plants
struggle to cope with it increase in litter on land & sea air pollution increases
with more vehicles on the road, noise pollution increases with tourist events
& activities sea pollution from boats plus littler
The negative environmental impacts of tourism
cont
congestion
Where there is too much of any one thing that can impact an area e.g. people, buildings,
transport
Traffic congestion is a condition on road networks
• most day visitors and domestic holidaymakers travel by car
• causing traffic congestion and pollution at destinations and attractions
The negative sociocultural impacts of tourism
Tourist – commodification
■ Commodification – tourism can turn local cultures into
commodities
■ Where in religious rituals, traditional ethnic rites and
festivals are reduced to conform to tourist needs and
expectations.
Loss of authenticity and staged authenticity
■ Entertainment that is put on especially for the tourist.
■ national dance, rituals and traditional events
■ Some feel that staged authenticity is degrading on the host
community.
The negative sociocultural impacts of tourism
continued
changing attitudes
■ Changing attitudes- the attitudes of local residents towards tourism
development has changed over time.
■ In the early stages of tourism development when there are only a few
visitors, they will feel very welcome.
■ With increasing visitor number, there is frequently a rise in arguments
amongst sections of the local population.
Crime
■ increase in tourism it is often accompanied by a rise in the level of
crime.
■ Cameras, mobile phones and expensive clothes and jewellery – tourist
become a target for criminals
■ Resorts are built near poor areas, tourist may be afraid to leave the
resort..
■ The host population then becomes resentful of tourist – don’t mix with
society or spend money in the community
The demonstration effect
■ The demonstration effect relates to the impact tourism can have on
the behavior of the host people.
■ It can lead to the host people copying the actions of the tourists and
then losing their traditional culture and values.
■ This can cause a lot of tension within the local society.
Tourist – cultural clash
■ Tourist behavior can be rude
■ Tourists do not respect local customs and religions
■ Increase in crime as tourists arrive
■ Local people, especially women and young children can be
exploited
Globalisation
■ Although tourists want to experience exotic locations and new
facilities, they also look for well-known hotels and familiar food brands.
Hurricanes
Hurricanes are giant tropical storms that produce heavy rainfall and
super-strong winds
Death
Damage to airports/ roads
Flooding
Unable to travel in or out of the country.
Volcanic eruptions
Produces lava flows/ explosions and/ or ash clouds
● Destroys infrastructure
● Stop flight
● Unsafe local people
Crossing date line
Tired
Jet lag
Could miss meeting
Awake at their natural home times
Extending opening hours
More money
Avoids overcrowding
Successful destinations
More jobs
Happier customers
More domestic customers
Table of impacts.
If there is an increase in education and training it will have a social and cultural impact
When there is seasonal employment it affects the economy
If a destination revivals its traditional arts and crafts it is also a social and cultural impact
Traffic congestion has an impact on the environment.