Teacher: GHERIB N-A

Lesson: Conditional Expressions in English  Structure: If + past perfect, would have + past
participle.
1. The Basic "If" Conditional
 Use: Imaginary situations in the past and their
 Structure: If + condition, result.
hypothetical results.
 Purpose: To express that the result depends on the condition.
 Example: If I had studied harder, I would have
 Types: passed the exam.

o Zero Conditional: 2. "Unless"

 Structure: If + present simple, present simple.  Meaning: "Except if," "if not."

 Use: General truths, scientific facts, habits.  Structure: Unless + condition, result.

 Example: If you heat water, it boils.  Equivalence: "Unless" is often interchangeable with "if...not."

o First Conditional:  Examples:

 Structure: If + present simple, will + base verb. o Unless it rains, we'll go for a walk. (If it doesn't rain,
we'll go for a walk.)
 Use: Possible future situations and their likely
results. o I won't go, unless you come with me. (I won't go, if you
don't come with me.)
 Example: If it rains, I will stay home.
3. "Only if"
o Second Conditional:
 Meaning: The result occurs exclusively when the condition is
 Structure: If + past simple, would + base verb.
met.
 Use: Imaginary or unlikely situations in the
 Structure: Only if + condition, result.
present or future.
 Emphasis: "Only if" emphasizes that the condition is the sole
 Example: If I won the lottery, I would travel the
requirement.
world.
 Examples:
o Third Conditional:
o Only if you have a ticket, can you enter the concert.
Teacher: GHERIB N-A
o I will help you, only if you tell me the truth. 6. If they ________ (arrive) earlier, they ________ (have) caught
the train.
4. Other Conditional Expressions
7. As long as you ________ (promise) to be careful, I ________
 "Provided that/Providing that": Similar to "if," but more
(lend) you my car.
formal, emphasizing a specific condition.
8. Take a jacket in case it ________ (get) cold.
o Example: Provided that you finish your work, you can
leave early. 9. Hurry up, otherwise you ________ (be) late.

 "As long as": Similar to "if," emphasizing that the condition 10. Provided that he ________ (finish) his work, he ________
must continue for the result to occur. (leave) early.

o Example: As long as you study, you will improve. Part 2: Rewrite the Sentences

 "In case": Used to talk about precautions, what to do if 1. If you don't apologize, she won't forgive you. (Rewrite using
something happens. "unless.")

o Example: Take an umbrella in case it rains. 2. You can only enter the building if you have an ID. (Rewrite
using "only if.")
 "Otherwise/Or else": Expresses a negative consequence if a
condition is not met. 3. If you had listened to me, you wouldn't have made that
mistake. (Keep the if)
o Example: Hurry up, otherwise you'll miss the train.
4. If you study, you will pass. (Rewrite using "provided that")
Worksheet: Conditional Expressions
5. If you do not pay, you will have problems. (Rewrite using
Part 1: Fill in the Blanks
"otherwise")
1. If you ________ (study) hard, you ________ (pass) the exam.
Part 3: Error Correction
2. Unless it ________ (rain), we ________ (go) to the park.
1. If I would have known, I would went.
3. Only if you ________ (have) a valid passport, you ________
2. Unless you will come, I don't go.
(travel) abroad.
3. Only if you had asked, I would helped.
4. If I ________ (be) you, I ________ (take) the job.
4. As long as it rain, we stay home.
5. If she ________ (know) the answer, she ________ (tell) us.
Teacher: GHERIB N-A
5. In case you would have needed help, I was there. 5. If you don't apologize, she will be angry.

More Exercises: Conditional Expressions 6. if he does not come, I will be sad.

Part 1: Complete the Sentences 7. if they do not pay the bill, the electricity will be shut off.

1. If you ________ (not/leave) now, you ________ (miss) the bus. 8. if you are not quiet, I will call the police.

2. Only if she ________ (apologize), I ________ (forgive) her. Part 3: Error Correction

3. Provided that they ________ (bring) the necessary documents, 1. If he would have studied, he will pass.
they ________ (be allowed) entry.
2. Unless you will pay, I don't give you the product.
4. Unless he ________ (change) his attitude, he ________ (lose)
3. Only if she would have asked, I helped.
his job.
4. As long as it will rain, we are staying home.
5. If it ________ (rain), we ________ (stay) indoors.
5. In case you would have needed help, I am there.
6. As long as you ________ (drive) carefully, you ________ (be
safe). 6. If I am you, I will go.

7. In case you ________ (need) help, call me. 7. Unless he studies, he would fail.

8. Hurry, otherwise we ________ (be) late. 8. If he will come, I would be happy.

9. If I ________ (have) more time, I ________ (learn) to play

guitar.

10. If they ________ (had known) about the traffic, they ________
(have left) earlier.

Part 2: Rewrite Using "Unless"

1. If you don't water the plants, they will die.

2. If you don't tell the truth, I won't believe you.

3. If you don't save money, you won't be able to buy a house.

4. If you don't study, you will fail the exam.

Teacher: GHERIB N-A
Answer Key: 2. Unless you come, I won't go.

Part 1: Fill in the Blanks 3. Only if you had asked, I would have helped.

1. study, will pass 4. As long as it rains, we will stay home.

2. rains, will go 5. In case you need help, I will be there.

3. have, can travel Let me know if you would like any further clarification or additional
exercises!
4. were, would take
more exercices and include changing sentences from if to unless
5. knew, would tell
Alright, let's expand the practice with more exercises, with a focus on
6. had arrived, would have caught
converting "if" sentences to "unless" sentences.
7. promise, will lend
Answer Key:
8. gets
Part 1: Complete the Sentences
9. will be
1. don't leave, will miss
10. finishes, can leave
2. apologizes, will forgive
Part 2: Rewrite the Sentences
3. bring, will be allowed
1. Unless you apologize, she won't forgive you.
4. changes, will lose
2. Only if you have an ID can you enter the building.
5. rains, will stay
3. If you had listened to me, you wouldn't have made that
6. drive, will be safe
mistake.
7. need
4. Provided that you study, you will pass.
8. will be
5. Hurry up, otherwise you will have problems.
9. had, would learn
Part 3: Error Correction
10. had known, would have left
1. If I had known, I would have gone.
Part 2: Rewrite Using "Unless"
Teacher: GHERIB N-A
1. Unless you water the plants, they will die.

2. Unless you tell the truth, I won't believe you.

3. Unless you save money, you won't be able to buy a house.

4. Unless you study, you will fail the exam.

5. Unless you apologize, she will be angry.

6. Unless he comes, I will be sad.

7. Unless they pay the bill, the electricity will be shut off.

8. Unless you are quiet, I will call the police.

Part 3: Error Correction

1. If he had studied, he would have passed.

2. Unless you pay, I won't give you the product.

3. Only if she had asked, I would have helped.

4. As long as it rains, we will stay home.

5. In case you need help, I will be here.

6. If I were you, I would go.

7. Unless he studies, he will fail.

8. If he comes, I will be happy.

By working through these exercises, you'll gain a stronger grasp of

how to use "if," "unless," and other conditional expressions correctly.
Teacher: GHERIB N-A
EXPRESSING CONDITION: DETAILED RULES, EXAMPLES, AND USAGE If-clause (Condition) Main clause (Result)

1. Types of Conditional Sentences & Their Conjugation Tenses Present Simple Future Simple (will/can/might + base verb)
A. Zero Conditional (General Truths & Scientific Facts) 📌 Examples:
📌 Structure: 1. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay inside.
✅ If + Present Simple, Present Simple
2. If she studies, she might pass the exam.
📌 Usage:
3. If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus.
 Used for general truths, facts, and laws of nature.

📌 Conjugation:
C. Second Conditional (Hypothetical & Unreal Situations in the
If-clause (Condition) Main clause (Result) Present/Future)

Present Simple Present Simple 📌 Structure:

✅ If + Past Simple, would/could/might + base verb
📌 Examples:
📌 Usage:
1. If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
 Used for imaginary, hypothetical, or unlikely situations in the
2. If the sun sets, it gets dark.
present or future.
3. If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
📌 Conjugation:

If-clause (Condition) Main clause (Result)

B. First Conditional (Real & Possible Future Situations)
Past Simple Would/Could/Might + Base Verb
📌 Structure:
✅ If + Present Simple, will/can/might + base verb 📌 Examples:

📌 Usage: 1. If I had a car, I would drive to work. (But I don’t have a car.)

 Talks about real and possible future situations. 2. If she studied harder, she could pass the test.

📌 Conjugation: 3. If we lived in Japan, we might eat sushi every day.

Teacher: GHERIB N-A
D. Third Conditional (Imaginary Past Situations and Their ✅ If + Past Simple, would have + Past Participle
Hypothetical Results) 📌 Example:

📌 Structure:  If I were taller, I would have joined the basketball team.

✅ If + Past Perfect, would/could/might have + Past Participle
📌 Conjugation:
📌 Usage:
If-clause Main clause
 Used to talk about imaginary past situations that did not
Past Perfect Would + Base Verb
happen.

📌 Conjugation: Past Simple Would Have + Past Participle

If-clause (Condition) Main clause (Result)

2. Special Cases of Expressing Condition
Past Perfect (had + past Would/Could/Might have + Past
participle) Participle A. Using "Unless" ( = If not)

📌 Examples: ✅ Unless + positive clause (no double negatives!)

📌 Examples:
1. If he had studied, he would have passed the exam.
1. Unless you study, you will fail. (= If you don’t study, you will
2. If we had left earlier, we wouldn’t have missed the flight.
fail.)
3. If she had told me the truth, I might have helped her.
2. Unless it stops raining, we won’t go outside.

E. Mixed Conditionals (Combining Different Time References)

B. Using "Suppose" or "Supposing"
📌 Types & Structures:
✅ Suppose/Supposing + past simple (hypothetical condition)
1. Past condition → Present result 📌 Examples:
✅ If + Past Perfect, would + base verb 1. Suppose you won the lottery, what would you do?
📌 Example:
2. Supposing it rained tomorrow, would we cancel the trip?
 If I had studied, I would have a good job now.

2. Present condition → Past result

Teacher: GHERIB N-A
C. Using "As long as," "Provided that," and "On condition that" 🔹 MCQ:
Which sentence follows the correct structure for advice?
✅ These expressions replace "if" in formal or specific conditions.
A) If I was you, I would go.
📌 Examples: B) If I were you, I would go. ✅
C) If I were him, he will go.
1. You can go out as long as you finish your homework.
D) If I was him, I would have gone.
2. We will sign the contract, provided that all terms are met.

3. He agreed to help on condition that he gets paid.

3. MCQs to Test Understanding

1. Choose the correct sentence for a second conditional:

D. The Special Case: "If I Were You" (Advice Expression)
A) If it rained, we would stay inside.
📌 Structure: B) If I had a car, I would drive to work. ✅
✅ If I were you, I would + base verb C) If I had studied, I would have passed.
D) If water reaches 100°C, it boils.
📌 Usage:

 Used to give advice and express hypothetical situations.

2. Which sentence expresses a mixed conditional?
 We use "were" instead of "was" (subjunctive mood).
A) If I had studied, I would have passed.
📌 Examples:
B) If I had studied, I would have a good job now. ✅
1. If I were you, I would apologize. C) If it rains, we will stay inside.
2. If I were you, I wouldn’t waste money. D) If I were rich, I would buy a car.

3. If I were you, I would take the job offer. 3. What does "If I were you" express?

🔹 CCQs: A) A past event

B) A scientific fact
1. Am I talking about myself or another person? ✅ (Another C) Advice ✅
person) D) A certain future event
2. Is this real or hypothetical? ✅ (Hypothetical)

3. Can the person follow the advice? ✅ (Yes)