Question Bank

Unit – I [MATRIX ALGEBRA ] (08 Hours + 2Hours Tutorial)

Basic concepts of Matrices and Determinants, Symmetric, skew-symmetric matrices, Orthogonal matrices, Complex matrices,
Hermitian and skew-hermitian matrices, Unitary matrices, triangular and diagonal matrices, Rank of a Matrix, Linear
systems of equations – Existence and uniqueness of solutions , Gauss Elimination, Cramer’s Rule, Matrix Inversion Method,
Guass Jordan elimination, LU factorization of matrices
LONG QUESTIONS

1 1 2
1.
If C  1 1 0  then find C 3  C 2  C.
1 3 5 

Evaluate the following determinants by reducing to triangular form.

1 0 3 7 2 0 4 6 3 1 1 0
4 2 0 1 4 5 1 0
 ii 
2 2 2 1
 iii 
2.
(i)
7 7 3 0 0 2 6 1 1 3 0 4
5 0 6 8 3 8 9 1 8 6 2 2

Find the rank of the following matrices.

3 1 4
0 8 
 9 3 1 0  3 1 5   3 0 2 2 
(iv) A  
5
 6  (iii)  6 54   3 4
(ii )  2 4 6 
3 0 1 42 24 4
(i ) 
3.  
 1 1 1 1  21 21 0 15 1 2 4

 0 6 1 9
 10 0 14 

Find the rank of the following matrices after reducing them to row reduced echelon form.

1 3 1 2  2 2 0 6 2 1 3 4
0  
4. 11 5 3 2  0 1 
(i ) 
4 2 0 3 4
2 (ii )  (iii ) 
5 3 1  1 1 0 3  2 3 7 5
     
4 1 1 5  1 2 1 2 2 5 11 6

Find the rank of the following matrices using determinant.

 
 21 3 17 13  3 1 5 1 2 2 3 
 
5. (i)  46 11 52 14  (ii )  2 4 6   
 (iii )  2 5 4 6 
 33 48 71 23 10 0 14   
  1 3 2 2 
 
 2 4 1 6 
  1 2 2  2 3 1  3 7 2
If A   2 4 1  , B  1 5 1 , C  1 1 0 
6.
 3 1 1  0 2 2   2 3 5 

then find (i) A3  B 2  C , (ii ) A2  BT  C 2 AT  3B  

Solve the following systems of equations by Gauss elimination method.
(i) -x+y+2z = 2, 3x-y+z = 6, -x+3y+4z = 4.

7.
(ii) x+y-z =9 , 8y+6z = -6, -2x+4y-6z = 40.

(iii) -x+2y-5z =-21 , 4x-8y+3z = 16, 3x-6y+z = 7.

(iv) 2w-3x-3y+6z =2 , 5x+5y-10z = 0, 4w+x+y-2z =4, w+z =10 .

Find the inverse of the following matrices by both Guass – Jordan Elimination Method and using determinant.

1 3 3  2 1 1  1 1 2  1 2 2
 3 1 1 
8. (i ) 1 4 3  (ii )  5 1 0  (iii )   (iv)  2 1 2 

1 3 4   0 1 3   1 3 4  2 2 1

Find the inverse transformations of the following.

(i ) y1  5 x1  3 x2  3 x3 (ii ) y1  0.2 x1  0.1x2
9. y2  3x1  2 x2  2 x3 y2  0.2 x2  0.1x3
y3  0.1x1  0.1x3
y3  2 x1  x2  2 x3
Test the consistency of the following systems of equations and incase of consistent system conclude whether they have
Unique solution, infinitely many solutions.

10. (i) 2x-7y+4z=9,x+9y-6z=1,-3x+8y+5z=6

(ii) x – 2y + z = 4, 3x + y – 2z = -7, x – 4y + 2z = 6.
(iii) x+y-z=0, 2x-y+z=3, 4x+2y-2z=2.
(iv) 7x +16y -7z = 4, 2x +5 y – 3z = -3, x +y + 2z = 4.

Solve the following system of linear equations using Cramer’s rule.

(i) x+2y+3z=20,7x+3y+z=13,x+6y+2z=0.
11. (ii) 3x-y+z=11,x+y+3z=13,2x-3y+4z=23.
(iii) 3x+7y+8z=-13, 2x+9z=-5, -4x+y-26z=2.
(iv) x+y =3, 2x-y+2z=-2, 3x +y =3.
 Determine the values of a and b for which the following systems of linear equations are
(i) consistent with unique solution, (ii) consistent with infinitely many solutions, (iii)
inconsistent.
12.
(a) x+2y+3z=6, x+3y +5z=9, 2x+5y+az=b
(b) 2x+3y+5z=9, 7x+3y -2z=8, 2x+3y+az=b

Solve the following systems of equations by Matrix Inversion method.

(i) x+y+z = 3, x+2y+3z = 4, x+4y+9z = 6.

(ii) x+2y+3z =1 , 3x-y+z = 2, 4x+2y+z = 3.

13. (iii) 5x+3y+3z =48 , 2x+6y-3z = 18, 8x-3y+2z = 21.

(iv) x+y+z =8 , x-y+2z = 6, 9x+5y-7z =44..

Solve the following systems of equations by Guass Jordan Elimination method.

(i) 2x+y+2z+w = 6, 6x-6y+6z+12w = 36, 4x+3y+3z-3w = -1, 2x+2y-z+w=10.

(ii) 2x+y+4z =11 , x+5y+7z = 15, 3x+11y+13z = 25.

14.
(iii) x-y+2z =3 , x+2y+3z = 5, 3x-4y-5z = -13.

(iv) 2w – x+y - z =-10 , 2w+3x -y -z = 0, w+x+y-z =20,3w+x-y+z =60 .

Compute LU- Decomposition/Factorization of the following matrices

1 1 1  2 3 3 3 5 2
15.  i  1 2 2  ii  0 5 7   iii  0 8 2
1 2 3  6 9 8  6 2 8 
Compute LU- Decomposition/Factorization of the following symmetric matrices

16. 1 2 3 2 0 6 10 20 30 
2 0 7   20 50 
i   3 4
  ii   5  iii   100

3 4 5
  6 7 8  30 50 200 
Solve the following systems of equations by LU- factorization method.

17. (i) x+y+2z = -1, 4x+5y+13z = -7, 10x+14y+43z = -25.

(ii) 3x+5y+2z =8 , 8y+2z = -7, 3x+y+4z = 13.
(iii) 4x+2y+14z =14 , 2x+17y-5z = -101, 14x-5y+83z = 155.
(iv) 5x+9y+2z =24, 9x+4y+z = 25, 2x+y+z = 11.
 short QUESTIONS
1.
1 2 5 5
For A    and B    show that (A+B)T  AT  BT
3 1 1 1

2. 2 1  2 5
If A    and B   then find the value of ( BT  AT )T .
1 7  0 8


6 0 3 4 0 4 
If C    and D    then find the value of 6(C T  3DT )T .
3. 1 0 5  3 4 9

4. 1   2 3
If A   4  and B  
 
 0 2  T
 then find the value of A B.

 3 
 0 1 

5. Find ab where a = [5 1 2 -3] and b = [1 2 3 4].

6. 9   2 
If a  3 0 4 , b   1 8 2 , c   5
 
 , d   2  then find a  b  cT  d T .
 

7  
 6 
7. For any two matrices A and B prove that ( AB)T  BT AT

1 3 0
8. Find the minors and cofactors of the determinant 2 6 4
1 0 2

9. Solve the system of linear equations 5x-3y=37,-2x+7y=-38 using Cramers’ rule.

 4 3 
 8 6 
10. Find the rank of the matrix using determinant. 


16 12 

11. Solve the system of linear equations 6x + 4y = 2, 3x – 5y = -34 by Gauss elimination method.

 8 4 
A 
 2 1 .
12. Find the rank of the matrix 
 6 3

13. Find the value of k for which the system: 2x-3y=4,4x-ky=8 has infinitely many solution.

0 1 1
A 
1 0 1

14. Find the rank of the matrix  0
1 1 
15. Find the inverse transformation y1  3x1  2 x2 , y2  4 x1  x2

16. Show that the inverse of a symmetric matrix is symmetric.

17. Show that ( A2 )1  ( A1 )2 for any nonsingular matrix A.
18. Show that ( AT )1  ( A1 )T
19.
Show that ( A1 )1  A
20. 1 𝑎 𝑎2
Show that |1 𝑏 𝑏 2 | = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎)
1 𝑐 𝑐2

21. 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
Evaluate the value of the determinent |𝑎 𝑏 𝑏 | by reducing it to a triangular matrix.
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

22. 1 2 3
Evaluate the value of the determinent |4 4 3| by reducing it to a triangular matrix.
9 9 9

23. 4𝑎 2𝑎 3𝑎 1
Let 𝐴 = |6𝑏 5𝑏 7𝑏 | and 𝐵 = [2]. Determine the values of a, b, c such that AB = 4B
8𝑐 4𝑐 8𝑐 0

24. Show that the determinant value of an othogonal matrix is 1

25. Show that the determinant value of an unitary matrix has absolute value 1.
26. A  AT A  AT
1. If A is any square matrix, then show that is symmetric and is skew-symmetric.
2 2
2. Express the following square matrices as the sum of a symmetric matrix and a skew-symmetric matrix:
27.
 4 2 3  3 4 1
3 4 
(i )  (ii )  6  (iii )  1
0  1 3  6 0 
6  
 5 0 7 
 
 3 13 4 

3. Show that any square matrix can be written as a sum of a Hermitian matrix and a skew-Hermitian matrix.
28.
 1 3 
 i
4. Is the matrix A   2 2  unitary? Justify your answer.
29.  3 1 
 i 
 2 2 