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Water Level Changes in Channel Flow

The document presents a problem involving water flow in a rectangular channel with two scenarios: one with an upstream velocity of 3 m/s and a depth of 3 m, and another with 5 m/s and 0.60 m. It calculates the change in depth and absolute water level for both cases, resulting in a change of 0.10 m for the first scenario and 0.37 m for the second. The document also includes energy equations and Froude number analysis to determine the flow conditions.

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Emre Köçkar
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30 views5 pages

Water Level Changes in Channel Flow

The document presents a problem involving water flow in a rectangular channel with two scenarios: one with an upstream velocity of 3 m/s and a depth of 3 m, and another with 5 m/s and 0.60 m. It calculates the change in depth and absolute water level for both cases, resulting in a change of 0.10 m for the first scenario and 0.37 m for the second. The document also includes energy equations and Froude number analysis to determine the flow conditions.

Uploaded by

Emre Köçkar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Example 3.

3
Water is flowing in a rectangular channel. Find the change in depth and
in absolute water level produced by a smooth downward step of
0.30 m if the upstream velocity and depth are given as.
a) V1=3 m/s and y1=3 m. b) V1=5 m/s and y1=0.60 m.
Draw the water-surface profiles for both cases

Example 3.3 Solution for Part (a)

Dyabs= ?

V1=3m/s y2= ?
y1=3 m y

Dz=30 cm
Datum
(1) (2) b
Example 3.3 Solution for Part (a) Continued
0 Smooth transition
Energy Eq’n between (1) and (2) :E1+Dz=E2 +hl

V12 32
E1  y1  3  3.46m  E2  3.46  0.30  3.76 m
2g 19.62
q2
E2  y 2  2
, q  V1y1  3  3  9 m2 / s
2g y 2
92 4.128
3.76  y 2   y 2  There are 2 possible solutions. To determine
19.6 2y 22 y 22
which one occurs we should compute upstream Froude number.
V1 3
F1    0.553  1 subcritical flow. Therefore, y2 will correspond to
gy1 9.81 3
subcritical flow.
y

y2 q=9 m2/s
The figure tells us that
y2 should be greater than y1=3m.
y1=3.00 m
yc

E
E1=3.46 m E2=3.76 m
Dz=0.30 m
Example 3.3 Solution for Part (a) Continued

y y2 must be greater than 3 m.


The root which is greater
than 3 m can be found by
q=9 m2/s
y2=3.40 m trial and error as y2 = 3.40
m.
Change in depth is computed as
y1=3.00 m
follows:
yc Δyabs = y2 - (y1 + Δz)
= 3.40 - (3.0 + 0.30)
E
E1=3.46 m E2=3.76 m
Dz=0.30 m
Δyabs = 0.10 m.
Dyabs= 0.10 m

V1=3m/s y2=3.40 m
y1=3 m

Dz=0.30 m
Datum
Solution for Part (b)
V1=5m/s
y1=60cm Dyabs=? y

Dz=30 cm y2=?
b

Energy equation between section (1) and (2)


0
V 12 52
Dz  E1  E 2  h E1  y 1   0.60   1.874 m
2g 19.62
q2
E 2  0.30  1.874  2.174 m  y 2  2
, q  V1 y 1  5  0.6  3 m / s
2

2gy 2

32 0.4587
2.174 m  y 2   2.174 m  y 2  Two possible solutions.
19.62y 22 y 22
The upstream Froude number
V1 5
Fr1    2.06  1, supercritical flow
gy1 9.81 0.60
Solution for Part (b) Continued
y The figure shows that
y2 must be smaller than 0.60 m.
q=3m2/s It can be solved by trial and error to
obtain y2=0.528 m.
or y2 ≅ 0.53 m.

yc
y1=0.60m Δyabs = ( Δz + y1 ) - y2
= ( 0.30 + 0.60 ) - 0.53
y2
E
E2=2.174m
Δyabs = 0.37 m.
E1=1.874m
Dz=0.30m

q=3m2/s

V1 = 5
m/s y1=0.60 m Dyabs= 0.37 m
yc
y1=0.60m
Dz= 0.30 m y2=0.53 m
y2=0.53m
E
E1=1.874m E2=2.174m
Dz=0.30m

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