Scribd
Upload
8 views3 pages

Understanding Diffusion Mechanisms

Diffusion is the process of matter transport through another material via atomic motion, characterized by interdiffusion, vacancy/substitutional diffusion, and interstitial diffusion. Factors affecting diffusion rates include molecular distribution, vacancies, atomic packing density, and temperature, with Fick's laws governing steady and unsteady diffusion. The rate of diffusion is influenced by concentration differences, temperature, and material properties.

Uploaded by

marshaldavid205
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views3 pages

Understanding Diffusion Mechanisms

Diffusion is the process of matter transport through another material via atomic motion, characterized by interdiffusion, vacancy/substitutional diffusion, and interstitial diffusion. Factors affecting diffusion rates include molecular distribution, vacancies, atomic packing density, and temperature, with Fick's laws governing steady and unsteady diffusion. The rate of diffusion is influenced by concentration differences, temperature, and material properties.

Uploaded by

marshaldavid205
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Diffusion – process which a matter is transported through another material via atomic

motion

Mechanism Interdiffusion Vacancy/Substitutional Interstitial diffusion


Diffusion
Description atoms migrate from Atoms move to Atoms move from
regions of vacancy site one interstitial site
high concentration to another
to regions of low
concentration
Condition Concentration Vacancies or other The atoms that
difference crystal defects are move must be
present much smaller than
the matrix atom.
There is enough
activation energy

Factors affecting Molecular number of vacancies Atomic packing


rate distribution density
activation energy to
exchange
Rate = Ae^(-Q/(RT))

A= constant

Q=activation energy

R= gas constant (8.313 J/molK)

T= temperature in K

P=

P= probability finding atom with E*>E

K= Boltzman’s constant (1.38x10^-23 J/K)

E= average energy

n = Number of atoms with E> E*

Ntotal = Total number of atoms

K = Boltzman’s Constant

T = Temperature in Kelvin

nv= number of vacancy per unit m^3

N= total number of atom site

E = activation energy to form vacancy

C = constant
Diffusion state Steady Unsteady
Description no change in concentration diffusion in which the
of solute atoms at different diffusivity is independent of
planes in a system, over a time
period of time.
Applied Law Fick’s First law Fick’s Second law
Formula

Dc/dt = change in
J= net atom flow
concentration over time
D= diffusivity
D = diffusivity
Dc/dx = concentration
D2c/dx2 = second order
gradient of conc against
partial derivative of
distance graph
concentration function

Factors affecting diffusion

Type of Temperature Type of Type of Concentration


diffusion material imperfectio of diffusing
n species
Relation Interstitial> Temperature Atomic More open Concentration
substitutional ↑, energy packing structure, ↑, diffusivity
due to smaller ↑, diffusivity factor ↓, diffusivity ↑
atom size ↑ diffusivity ↑ ↑

D = diffusivity ((m^2)/2)

D0 = constant ((m^2)/2)

You might also like