module 2 : infrastructure section in IND
topic 1 : definition of infrastructure
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 2 : Characteristics of Infrastructure
2.1 - High demand
2.2 - shared use
2.3 - Non - rivalness
2.4 - Non-excludability
2.5 - Enormous
2.6 - Decreasing average cost
2.7 - Regional monopoly
2.8 - External effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 3 : MULTIPLIER EFFECTS OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 4 : Upliftment of the living standards of people
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 5 : Boost to services and manufacturing sector
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 6 : Boost to exports
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 7 : Tourism promotion
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 8: Environment protection and sustainability
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 9 : INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 10 : types of infrastructure financing
10.1 - economic
10.2 - social
10.3 - commercial
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 11 : SOURCES OF INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING
11.1 - PUBLIC FINANACING
11.2 - SUPRA NATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
11.3 - PRIVATE FINANCE
11.4 - PUBLIC PRIVATE FINANCING
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
topic 12 : what is project finance ?
12.1 - financing instruments
12.2 - limitations on the procurement
12.3 - Legal frameworks for private sector participation in infrastructure development
-> Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Models
-> Concession Agreements
-> Regulatory Frameworks
-> Legal Reforms
12.4 - INCENTIVES
-> Financial Incentives
-> Risk Mitigation Measures
-> Capacity Building
-> Ease of Doing Business
12.5 - Policy Support
12.6 - Constitutional aspects: Allocation of jurisdiction over different infrastructure sectors between
the Centre and State
12.7 - The Constitution of India defines three types of municipalities
12.8 - Establishment of municipalities is done by public notification by the Governor of the state.
States may, by law, endow
municipalities with the functions and implementation of certain items within their jurisdiction,
including
12.9 - Municipal level
12.10 - Panchayat level
12.11 - division of responsibilities given in the constitution of IND
prompt :
make it in a table 5 rows 12 coulombs
➢ 1st rows is shows "sectors"
sectors: -
• National highways
• Railways
• Major ports
• Airways
• Telecom
• Other roads and bridges
• Regulating/constructing buildings
• Water management and/or supply
• Urban/town planning
• Rural housing
• Rural electricity
rows 2,3,4,5 will show levels
2nd row is for "center"
3rd row is for "state"
4th row is for "municipality"
5th row is for "panchayat"
the main part is that based on the sectors you have to show which sector has responsibilities to which
level is it cente, state, municipality or panchayat
and you that level you have to tick it
12.12 -Distribution of Legislative Powers: (Article 246)
12.13 - Principles of Federalism
12.14 - Cooperative Federalism
12.15 - Interpretation and Disputes Resolution
12.16 - Law making powers Allocation of natural
resources (Constitutional Provisions: Article 39(b) and (c), Article 48A,Article 73 and Article 162)
12.17 - Legislative Framework: under
-> The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957
-> The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
-> The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986
12.18 - Judicial Review
-> case law = State of M.P. v. Rakesh Kohli (2012),
12.19 - Administrative Law
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------