WRITING TASK 1 - PROCESS
TAKE A LOOK…
Let’s look at a task 1 process:
Take a minute to read the following answer:
The given diagram illustrates the process of manufacturing liquid chocolate.
Overall, it can be seen that there are ten steps in the making of liquid chocolate,
starting with harvesting cacao beans and ending with producing chocolate.
First of all, cacao trees are grown in three different regions, including South
America, Africa and Indonesia. When cacao pods are ripe and red, they are collected and
broken in order to remove the white cocoa beans inside. At the following step, those
beans are wrapped in leaves and fermented before being dried under the sun.
Next, the dried beans are put into large sacks and weighed. After that, they are
delivered to the factory by train or lorry. In the chocolate factory, they are roasted at
350 degrees, after which the beans are crushed and the inner parts are separated from
the outer shells. Lastly, those inner parts are pressed to produce liquid chocolate.
Then, answer these questions:
1. What does the first paragraph do?
2. What does the second paragraph do?
3. Body 1: Which steps? Body 2: Which steps?
LEARNING TO WRITE….
The introduction:
“The diagram illustrates/ shows/ describes/ depicts …
… the process of manufacturing/ making/ producing liquid chocolate. (V-ing)
… how liquid chocolate is manufactured.” (S + V)
The overview:
Read the overview below; what are the main ideas?
“Overall, it can be
seen that/ it is
evident that/ it is
apparent that the Write Introduction and Overview for the Exam practice.
process
involves/includes
ten main
stages/steps,
starting/
commencing with
harvesting cacao
beans and ending/
culminating with
producing liquid
chocolate.”
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Passive voice
The flowchart below shows how banana chips are made. Summarize the
information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Choose the correct answer:
add distribute fry leave make
peel
put remove rinse slice soak
The flowchart shows how banana chips 1 _____________________________
First, the bananas 2 _____________________________ by a special machine, then
3 _____________________________ in water. Next, the clean
bananas 4 _____________________________ into a chipping machine where
they 5 _____________________________ into thin chips. After this,
they 6 _____________________________ Once they are dry, the banana
chips 7 _____________________________ in hot oil in large deep fat fryers. The cooked
banana chips 8 _____________________________ from the fryers using a special sieve. Then,
the banana chips 9 _____________________________ to cool, and
spices 10 _____________________________ for extra taste. Finally, the banana chips are
packaged and 11 _____________________________ around the world.
Sequencers:
Look at the sample again – highlight words such as “first, next….”
What do they do?
Where are these words in the sentence?
First step Middle steps Middle steps Last step
(forward) (backward)
- First, - Then, - Before B - Finally,
- Firstly, - Next, happens, A - Lastly,
- To begin (with), - After that, happens.
- At the first step of the - At the following stage, - Prior to/ before
process, - A happens, after which + Ving, A
B happens. happens.
- After + Ving, B
happens.
- A happens, and B
happens afterwards.
Lưu ý: afterwards (adv)
chỉ được dùng ở cuối
câu và có nghĩa tương
tự ‘after that’.
Sequencers (continued):
Let’s try some of the more difficult structures. Here’s the 2 sentences that
describes steps 4-5:
Then, the clean bananas are put into a chipping
machine where they are sliced into thin chips.
After that, they are rinsed.
Now try joining both into a sentence using an above structure:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Practice with other two steps.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
How about “before/after/prior to + V-ing”? Let’s see…
After being sliced into thin chips, the bananas are rinsed.
Prior to/ Before being rinsed, the bananas are sliced into thin chips.
What’s the difference between these two? Why is it ‘after slicing in the 1st
sentence, and ‘after being sliced in the 2nd sentence?
After slicing the bananas into thin chips, people rinse them.
After being sliced into thin chips, the bananas are rinsed.
Grammar point
After + V-ing
If passive: After + being V3
Practice with “before/after/prior to + V-ing”:
1. After people peel the bananas, they soak the bananas in water.
_________________________________________________________________________________
After the bananas are peeled, they are soaked in water.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Before people fry the banana chips. They dry the chips.
_________________________________________________________________________________
Before the banana chips are fried. They are dried.
_________________________________________________________________________________
EXAM PRACTICE
The diagram below shows how coffee is produced and prepared for sale in
supermarkets and shops.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.
The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from
sugar cane.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.
SOME OTHER USEFUL LANGUAGE YOU MIGHT NEED…
LANGUAGE FOR SIMULTANEOUS STEPS:
During A happens, B happens.
- During its entire life cycle, salmon have lived in both freshwater and saltwater.
As/ while A happens, B happens.
- While the mixture of sand and soda is being heated, some other chemicals are added.
to create various colors.
A happens as/ while B happens.
A happens. At the same time/ meanwhile, B happens.
LANGUAGE OF PURPOSE:
In order (not) to
So as (not) to
- When cacao pods are ripe and red, they are collected and broken in order to/ so as
to remove the white cocoa beans inside.
A FEW COMMONLY USED VERBS…
Is harvested (được thu hoạch)
Is picked by hand (được lựa/ hái bằng tay)
Is added (được thêm vào)
Is mixed with (được trộn với)
Is heated/ burned/ cooled (được đun nóng/ đốt/ làm nguội)
Is removed (được tách ra/ bỏ đi)
Is filtered (được lọc)
Is dug/ mined (được đào/ khai thác)
Is carried to (được chở, mang tới đâu)
Is transported to (được vận chuyển tới đâu)
Is passed/ put/ placed through (được đưa qua/ đặt/ đặt qua cái gì)
Is converted to (được biến đổi thành cái gì)
Is crushed/ ground into (được nghiền thành cái gì)
Is cut/ chopped (được cắt/ chặt đi)
Is collected (được thu gom)
Is recycled (được tái chế)
Is packed (được đóng gói)
Is delivered (được vận chuyển)
Is distributed (được phân phối)
Mill (n): cối xay/ nhà máy, xưởng
Conveyor belt (n): băng chuyền
Furnace (n): lò
Mould (v): đúc khuôn -> US: mold
Mould (n): khuôn đúc
Liquid: chất lỏng – solid: chất rắn – gas: khí