Metals Extraction of Metals Electrolysis
gpii
[Link] [Link]
I
due to presenceof free E
for transition
metals
All Metals
are Solid
exceptMercury
fixed
Positive
man
arms
Note Metal's reactivity depends on
ease of
donationoflection
Metal's habit is to lose the E
G I
In lithium outer e is strongly
lithium Li attracted towards Nucleuscloserto
the Nucleus therefore lithium
does not lose the readily
Ifair 1 least reactive
valence e
on potassium
11 O is further away from
potassium
Nucleus thereforeweak
attraction on outer electron
It means potassium can lose
the readily hence
it would be more
reactive
G I Metal
Li Down the group reactivityIncreases
Na atomic size Increases
K attraction of Nucleus on valence E
decreases
Rb
Cs of Metal Increases
chance reactivity
donates the e readily
G II Metal
Mg _Down the group
metal's reactivity Increases
Ca ease of donationof é
Sr
Ian
atomic
the to increase in
size
weak Nuclear attraction
Ba on outer electron and
metal loses the readily
metallsreadirityxsizedato [Link]
activity ease ofdonation
e
of
Atteste
Chemical properties of metals
When metals react with oxygen
they form metallic oxide Basic
Metallic oxides are Basio mgo Cao
they can Neutralise the Acid
Group I II metals Transition Metals
Reactive less reactive
does not form coloured It forms colourful
compounds compound
Low MP [Link] high MP BP
led calon Variab
state oxidationState
Nat Cat Fet rest mñ m
low density High density
Reaction of Sodium with
water 2 05 1
Notes It
Naott Is
2Nd s 2H20 2NaOH He
1 091 9
Basf
Water
Vigorous reaction
can
Bubble formation fizzing
Na metal disappears
af
Shoots on the surface of
water
slow
m
Li HO LiOH
Suofaceofwater Itt
vigorous
Na H2o on Surface
NaOH Elh
ofwerth
Is Hw at KOH H2
fire
highly vigorous
He
e
Na 1H OH Nant
H d
Reaction of Sodium
with Group VII Elements a
2 t
main
fargas
observation
white Solid is formed
Sodium burns brightly
Greenish Yellow colour disappear
Ice gas
iffpunge Nat
0
II
Group
Reaction of Sodium with oxygen
1 2
11 Is Nax
S 11g Lede
Crain White Solid Naso
is
formed
Bright yellow flame
Reactivity Series
mm
Potassium K
Sodium Na
Moustache
Top
calcium Ca to
Magnesiummots bottom
ofFLEE En
rm
to Ioon Fe
Lead Pb Zdecreases
Ft
ffffff g
queson Vachon
Gold Au least
reactive
reactive metals lose the E
readily and form Ions readily
Allormetall which
are present above the
HydInin [Link]
Can displace the Hydrogen
FÑ M Ha
ET Mgcla
Mg 217 ce inscle it
Is
2
Ii I in
losing
the election metal
2h is morereactive
It means In is more reactive
than hydrogen H therefore
Line is losing the Election and
Ion in Acid
Hydrogen sulfuric
is the é
gaining
t
Zn 2H Zn tHa
En 2H Eat Hi
CU Hasoy No reaction
In this reaction Cu is less
reactive than H as In reactivity
Series Cu is present below
the Hydrogen Ion
r ᵗᵈᵗʰ
Blue green
2 2 21 2
0
Seed [Link]
é
go
I
Cu Feson No reaction
Do
moderate
so
leastactive
Thermal decomposition of Group Metal
Carbonates
whitesolid whitesolid
skt 1m91s t CO2
Ca Coses Cao CO2
9
white solid white nd
thermal decomposition
on
Group II Metal Carbonates give
metal oxide and carbon dioxide
Thermal decomposition of Group
II metal Nitrate NO
MINI
1M9 11031 heat Mgo
white S s
2N0z
8
Solid white Brown colon
solid gas
Ca NO CaO 2ND 102
5 9 9
Colmo of NO_ is brown
Thermal decomposition of Copper
Nitrate Tomelmmetal
GINO
S 9 9
Blue Black Brown
solid gas
useofreativtsel
piea.n
feature
hethermeprocu
Al
2 1103 2510
Er
i The Sacrifical protection of Iron
OEF [Link]
D
YElkTyiswelded
MIm
to the side of ship
Fin is More reactive than Iron
ᵗ
In n t
EEIifvesMffgf [Link]
electron
The Electrons flow to the Iron which
passes them on in this reaction
02 2H20 the H ar
t
off
wrong
[Link]
Fe Felt he
Coating of Zink on Steel
or Iron is called
Lamine
Alz03
i
A20 Alzo Alzos
metal
different size
metal
Mixture of two or more Metals
is called Alloy
fore
010 0
0000
Metal
force
000
0080
Alloys harder
Brass is an alloy which
Tis a Mixture of Cu and
Zinc
Extraction of Iron in Blast furnace
from Haematite Fez03
Is
initiative
Blastonate
3
Sample in which large amount of
Metal is present
1
one of
__
Ioon is Hematite Fees
at
One of Iran is Hematite Feroz
Technique Blast furnace purebboy
I
Raw Material charge Fez03 CaCOs Coke
or
treaty
Iron Cliff
F ffsertf_
Rufaoxygen
of ofoxygen Reduction
Fedst3fo_ 2Fe 302 4000
CO C 210 Endothermic
8002
C 0 highly exothermic 100C
02
Oz Nz
hot air
hot air
is a
E
Ithf wfT reduce the other
Gloss of oxygen
1400C
C Q2 Is
sat __Endo
FerOI 3
TWFet3c .eOeedtef due
to Very high temperature
in furnace Caco decomposes
into CaO and CO2
_s
Cao CO2
6 off
Metallic oxide are Basis
in Laure
In molten Fe there is an Impurity
of Ilia E
sand
[Link] haiy
So which is Basic in
CaO
Nature reacts with Ss and
a waste
f g a
Cat side
Else
s TSI
Base And CalciumSilicate
Repeat slT
02 CO2 highly Exo
CO2 C Feb 20 Endo
Fez03 300 52K 302
y
Calls Calsit Cog
Casio
Caps sign
Jag
I density
less
[Link] 1 density
higher
FE
Ioon from blast furnace is
called pig [Link]
In pig Iron Carbon sand
are m [Link]
pig Ioan is remelting and
refining After refining
Carbon Content in Iron is
2 Then it is called
Cast Iron Iron
__
T cast
Phecardon en car
0000
pure Iron Soft 0000
0000
0000
Steel When Carbon is added
into Iron then it
is called steel e
steel is hard strong
It is used in making ships
Car bodies machinery
Fe CT NT
Stested
It
02 12
hat hot
app
Fe 0
SmoltenIood
chaise
tcokemifca. o
Raw material r
I moltenItT
tcao casio
lag
silica Sio
coke often
TT
GETTY
h1FF
bowered tweet
Fismore reactive Ham Fe
So Zinc will oxidise lose the
2 4 4
_or
nottransition
Metall G
when they lose the Electrons
Passium
potassium Magnes
ETCINI Brafted