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Population Growth in Chimwemwe Township

The document is a field project investigating the factors influencing rapid population increase in Chimwemwe Township, Kitwe District. It identifies issues such as lack of family planning, early marriages, and migration as primary causes of population growth, leading to problems like housing shortages, unemployment, and poor sanitation. The study concludes that the population is increasing and emphasizes the need for measures to control this growth.

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
340 views28 pages

Population Growth in Chimwemwe Township

The document is a field project investigating the factors influencing rapid population increase in Chimwemwe Township, Kitwe District. It identifies issues such as lack of family planning, early marriages, and migration as primary causes of population growth, leading to problems like housing shortages, unemployment, and poor sanitation. The study concludes that the population is increasing and emphasizes the need for measures to control this growth.

Uploaded by

pethiasmwabu1
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

TWATASHA COMBINED SCHOOL

GEOGRAPHY, FIELD PROJECT


NAME OF CANDIDATE:MWABU PETHIAS
EXAM NO:180202120027
SCHOOL CENTER:5365

TOPIC
Human population in chimwemwe township
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1 TITLE..............................................
1.2 INTRODUCTION...........................
1.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............
1.4 DEDICTATION...............................
1.5 LOCATION.....................................
1.6 PROBLEM STATEMENT..............
1.7 AIM.................................................
1.8 OBJECTS........................................
1.9 HYPOTHESIS................................
1.10 METHODOLOGY..........................
1.11 LITERATURE................................
TITTLE
An investigation into factors influencing rapid
population increase in kitwe district.A case study
of chimwemwe township.
INTRODUCTION
Background to the study.
The name chimwemwe means "Joy".The
town has been in existence since
[Link] is basically a high density
populated area.
Resident of chimwemwe are mainly from the
middle class.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to thank Mr chiputa and other
geography leaders for helping me to progress
with my project.
DEDICATION
Am dedicating this project to my family
and friends for supporting me during the time I
was writing the project.
LOCATION
Chimwemwe is located to the west of kitwe.
The figure below represents the location of
chimwemwe township.
PROBLEM STATEMENTS
population increase in chimwemwe
township has contributed to the people facing
a number of problems such as the increase in
crime, shortage of accommodations among
others, hence this study was carried out to
investigate more of those problems and their
causes.
AIM
The main aim was to investigate the
problems being faced in the area as well as
their causes and see how such problems can be
solved.
OBJECTIVES
 Find out whether the population in the
area is increasing or decreasing.
 Ascertain the causes of the increase or
decrease in population in the area
 Determine the possible results of the
increase or decrease in the population.
 Determine what measures that have been
put in place to reduce it.
HYPOTHESIS
Before the research the following were
assumed.
-The population in the area is on the increase
-Early marriages could be one of the factors
leading to this increase.
-Shortage of houses accommodations could be
attributed to the increase in the area's
population.
-The non use of contraceptive could results in
the increase in the area's population.
METHODOLOGY
This study used a descriptive survey design.
the study made use of two main method of
data collection these were interviews and
[Link] the two interviews
were used more than the [Link] is
because it serves time and money as
information is collected there and then.
The bar graph below shows how the two
methods fared(performed)
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Ntalasha (2004) population
is the number of people living in an area at a
given point in [Link] also stated that a
process called census is used to determine
whether the population is increasing or
decreasing. Ntalasha (2004) made mention of
migration, family planning and early
marriages as some of the factors that can
increase or reduce the population in a
population area.
Leong(1985) argued that rapid population
increase puts more pressure on food, clothing,
housing, education, social medical and cultural
[Link] Bunnel(2010) is at the
view that population problems can be resolved
through a wide range of measures. one of such
measures involve presentation of family
planning as a way of reducing the in
population
DATA PRESENTATION AND
ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION IN
THE POPULATION INCREASING
OR DECREASING IN THE AREA
From the findings it can be said that the
area population is on the increase official at
chimwemwe high school revealed that class
room enrollment has increased by 22% class
room enrollment is now 45 as opposed to 35 in
2010 see the table below
year no of pupils per class
2010 35
2012 45

ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
If you look at the class enrollment in 2010
and 2012 it is evident that population is on the
[Link] measures are needed contain
this growth.
Causes of the increase in population in
chimwemwe township.
During the study a number of factors were
cited as having contributed to the increase in
the area's population. These factors are
explained under the following sub headings.
LACK OF FAMILY PLANNING
AMONG THE PEOPLE IN THE
AREA
Family planning is when married partners
decide on the number of children that they
would want to have.
studying in chimwemwe township revealed
that most people do not pay attention to this
practice, out of ten(10) people interviewed
only 20% seemed to believing in family
planning, see the figure below for the
response.

INTERPRETATION/ ANALYSIS
due to the fact that only a small percentage of
people believe in family planning the
population will continue to rise unless
something is done.
EARLY MARRIAGES ARE TO
BLAME FOR THE INCREASE IN
THE AREA'S POPULATION
The study indicated that most girls in the
area getting married at a tender age. In
addition the majority of these girls are rushing
into marriages, it is the expensive of education
school officials at chimwemwe high school
forinstance disclosed that every year
pregnancy cases are recorded at the school.

ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
There is no doubt that early marriages in the
area will lead to the increase in population.
This is because a girl who goes into marriage
at the age of sixteen (16) is likely to have more
children by the time she reaches thirty (30),
hence something.
people argued that migration could
lead to the increase in the area's
population
Most people interviewed disclosed that
there is a tendency by people to migrate from
neighbouring township into chimwemwe, such
neighbouring townships include Buchi,
Mindolo, Twatasha and Kawama to mention
but a few, furthermore the study revealed that
such migrates are due to the fact that
Chimwemwe is rich in social services like
water, transport, school among others.

ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
If not controlled such migration will
increase the area's population even further.
THE POPULATION IS INCREASING
IN THE AREA DUE TO RELIGIOUS
REASONS
During the study some people were asked to
comment on the increase in the area's
population. These people accepted the fact that
there was a need to control the population
growth but they also argued that people should
be free to have more than one child as a way
of fulfilling God's wish.
This is the wish that people must multiply and
fill up the whole world.
ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
Such religious beliefs are not widely shared
or accepted but they are capable of increasing
the human population in a particular area.
THE POPULATION IS INCREASING
IN THE AREA BECAUSE OF THE
DESIRE BY SOME PEOPLE TO
HAVE CHILDREN
According to the findings the desire by
some people to have a child or children has
been on the increase in the area, hence
officials interviewed in the area stated that
twenty (20)% of the women who goes to give
birth are single. see the figure below.

ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
According to the findings some people
believes that it is possible to have a child even
out marriage.
This desire is party driven by peer pressure
that is their friends have children then why not
them, such desires if not controlled will
increase the area's population even further.
THE RESULTS/ EFFECTS OF THE
POPULATION INCREASE IN THE
AREA
The effects of population increase in the
area are many some of them are explained
under the following sub headings.
SHORTAGE OF HOUSING
ACCOMMODATIONS
During the study it was revealed that the
increase of population is to blame for the
scarcity of housing accommodations. It was
further observed that houses meant for three(3)
people were now accommodating five (5) to
six(6) people.
some people interviewed attributed that the
increase in rentals lead to the increase in
population. for the rentals see the price chart
below
No room price
2 k800
3 k1500
ANALYSIS / INTERPRETATION
It can therefore be stated that the shortage of
housing accommodations is because of the
increase in population.
CAUSES OF THE INCREASE IN
POPULATION IS PROMOTING
UNEMPLOYMENT
The study revealed that the following
economic activities were common in the area,
see the table below.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Carpentry
Road side selling
Taxi pirating
ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
population increase has resulted in the
shortage of formal employment. Hence people
are engaged in the above economic activities
as means of survival.
RISE IN THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL
VICES OR PROBLEMS
The local law enforcement agencies like the
police revealed that most of the cases that are
reported to them involves social problems or
vices. the table below shows some of them.

SOCIAL VICES
Alcohol and drug abuse
Thieft
Prostitution

ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
All the above social vices are due to
population increase which has brought about
unemployment among the youths. Hence
people with to hething to do are involved in
such therefore something should be done to
address the population increase.
SHORTAGE OF EDUCATION AND
HEALTH SERVICES
Currently government school in the area can
no longer enroll all the children.
This is the reason why the area has seem to
rise in the number of private schools
concerning health facilities, they are also not
adequate.

ANALYSIS / INTERPRETATION
The shortage of education and health
services is because of the increase in the area's
population hence it should be controlled.
POOR SANITATION IS DUE TO THE
INCREASE IN THE AREA'S
POPULATION
The study revealed that some people don't
throw garbages in designated(right) places.
This is because heap of rubbish seen in several
places, water supply is equally not consistent.

ANALYSIS/ INTERPRETATION
Poor sanitation is expected in place where
people are many. poor hygiene can cause water
borne diseases, hence preventive measures are
needed.
PROBLEM AND LIMITATIONS
The study was not without difficulties,
hence the following were some of the
limitations.
-Financial constiants, more money was spent
on transport, food, paper and other
requirements.
-Language barrier, some people were not
comfortable with English, hence I had to
translate questions into Bemba.
-Moving from place to place was tiresome.
CONCLUSION AND EVALUATION
The objectives of the field project were
archived. It must also be stated that all the
hypothesis that were set were proven correct.
The population in the area is on the increase
luck of family planning, early marriages are
just among the causes of this increase.

Common questions

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The primary factors contributing to the rapid population increase in Chimwemwe Township include a lack of family planning, early marriages, migration from neighboring areas, and religious beliefs encouraging large families. The lack of effective family planning policies leads to unplanned pregnancies, while cultural norms and insufficient legal frameworks fail to discourage early marriages. Migration is prompted by better amenities in Chimwemwe, and religious beliefs play a role by promoting the concept of traditionally large families . These factors highlight the necessity for comprehensive social policies addressing family planning education, support for delayed marriages, and measures to manage intra-district migration to mitigate population growth effectively .

Migration significantly contributes to Chimwemwe Township's population increase as people move from neighboring areas like Buchi and Kawama due to better social services available in Chimwemwe, such as water and schools . This in-migration exacerbates existing socio-economic issues by increasing the demand for housing, educational, and health services, which are already strained due to natural population growth. Further, it can lead to heightened unemployment levels, as there are not enough jobs to accommodate the increasing population, and it can contribute to rises in social vices and urban poverty .

Effective measures to manage population increase in Chimwemwe Township include the implementation of comprehensive family planning programs, educational campaigns about the benefits of smaller family sizes, and policies to curb early marriages. Improving access to education and employment opportunities, especially for women, could also reduce early marriages and high birth rates . Moreover, managing migration through better resource allocation in neighboring townships might alleviate population pressures. The feasibility of these measures depends on available resources, community buy-in, and governmental support. If effectively implemented, these measures could stabilize the area's population growth, improve living standards, and reduce social pressures .

Early marriages contribute to population growth in Chimwemwe Township by leading to an earlier start to childbearing, resulting in larger family sizes over a woman's reproductive lifetime . This practice often disrupts education for young girls, diminishing their future income potential and perpetuating a cycle of poverty and limited economic mobility. Socially, it exacerbates gender inequality and limits women's autonomy and decision-making capabilities . Addressing early marriages through policy, education, and community engagement could significantly mitigate these adverse effects, leading to more sustainable population management and improved socio-economic outcomes .

The social consequences of population increase in Chimwemwe Township include shortages in housing, education, and health services; increased unemployment; and a rise in social vices like theft, alcohol, and drug abuse . These issues are comparable to other high-density regions where rapid urbanization leads to strained public infrastructure and increased social challenges. Regions worldwide facing similar population pressures often report inadequate housing, overstretched educational and health resources, and rising crime rates, underscoring the need for proactive urban planning and social intervention strategies .

Population pressure in Chimwemwe Township overburdens education and health services, resulting in overcrowded classrooms and inadequate healthcare facilities . These pressures can compromise service quality, leading to poor educational outcomes and health disparities. Strategic interventions include expanding infrastructure, increasing funding for public services, and implementing policies to limit classroom sizes and improve teacher-student ratios. Investment in training and resources for educators and healthcare providers is crucial. Additionally, partnerships with private sectors can enhance service delivery. Promoting community health and education programs can also relieve demand on formal services .

The increased population in Chimwemwe Township results in heightened competition for limited formal employment opportunities, leading to reliance on informal economic activities such as carpentry and roadside selling . This economic shift can have several implications, including lower income stability and lack of job security, contributing to increased poverty levels. Informal work often lacks benefits and legal protections, which can exacerbate socio-economic inequalities and stress local economies. Addressing these issues may require interventions to stimulate formal job creation and support small businesses, facilitating transitions to more sustainable livelihoods .

The housing shortage in Chimwemwe Township reflects broader urbanization trends where rapid population growth outpaces infrastructure development, leading to insufficient housing and inflated rents . Such trends are common in rapidly urbanizing areas globally, where inadequate urban planning and resource allocation fail to keep up with migration and natural population growth. Potential solutions include developing affordable housing projects, improving urban planning, and upgrading existing infrastructure to accommodate more people. Encouraging investments in housing can also alleviate scarcity and control rental prices .

Religious beliefs in Chimwemwe Township, which advocate for large families as a divine mission, contribute to population growth by encouraging high birth rates . These beliefs intersect with demographic factors such as low engagement in family planning and early marriages, reinforcing high fertility rates. The religious influence may create resistance to population control measures, making it challenging to implement effective family planning programs. This interaction complicates efforts to address population issues and necessitates culturally sensitive approaches to advocate for smaller family sizes without infringing on religious sentiments .

The study's methodology, favoring interviews over questionnaires, provides qualitative insights and allows for a deeper understanding of population trends and factors influencing them in Chimwemwe Township . Interviews enable data collection in real-time and can capture nuanced personal experiences and local knowledge, potentially leading to more accurate reflections of the community's demographic changes and challenges. However, this approach may introduce interviewer bias and limit the generalizability of findings as compared to more structured data collection methods like questionnaires. Balancing both qualitative and quantitative approaches could strengthen the study's conclusions .

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