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Understanding Elastic After Effect

The document discusses various concepts related to elasticity, including elastic after effect, elastic fatigue, elastomers, and elastic hysteresis. It explains how materials respond to stress and strain, detailing the behaviors of different materials under these conditions, such as the differences between brittle and ductile materials. Key points include the definitions of yield point, breaking stress, and the implications of hysteresis in energy dissipation.

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kmsurendra2008
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55 views3 pages

Understanding Elastic After Effect

The document discusses various concepts related to elasticity, including elastic after effect, elastic fatigue, elastomers, and elastic hysteresis. It explains how materials respond to stress and strain, detailing the behaviors of different materials under these conditions, such as the differences between brittle and ductile materials. Key points include the definitions of yield point, breaking stress, and the implications of hysteresis in energy dissipation.

Uploaded by

kmsurendra2008
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Elastic after effect :

The temporary delay in regaining the original configuration by a body after the
removal of deforming force is called elastic after effect. This effect is negligibly
small for quartz fiber, phosphor bronze etc. but it is large for glass fibers.

Elastic fatigue:
If an elastic body is subjected to alternating cycles of stress and strain
continuously for a long time, the elastic property of the body change and it can
have much higher elongation even for a small stress .So the change in elastic
property of a body due to its long use is known as elastic fatigue.

Elastomers:
The materials for which strain produced is much larger than the stress applied,
within the elastic limit are called elastomers. E.g rubber
Elastic Hysteresis :
When the deforming force is applied on a body the
strain does not change with stress simultaneously, it
lags behind the stress. The lagging of strain behind
the stress is defined as elastic hysteresis.
The work done by the material in returning to its
initial shape is less than the work-done by the
deforming force. This difference in work done is
dissipated in the form of heat.
Note:
(1) The area covered by the loop gives the energy
dissipated.
(2) Due to large area of Hysteresis curve, rubbers are
used as vibration absorber.
 Elastic limit : Up to which the wire regains its
Stress strain curve : original length. But Hooke’s law is not followed
between A and B.
 Yield point: The wire shows both elastic and plastic
Breaking behavior between B and C. When deforming force
Stress is removed at C, there is residual strain or
permanent set (OO’) as shown in figure. The point
C is called yield point. Beyond the point C the wire
shows completely plastic behavior.
 Breaking Stress: Beyond the point C, small stress
can produce large strain and the thickness of wire
goes on decreasing. The stress is maximum at
point D, called breaking stress (ultimate tensile
strength). Beyond this point, additional strain is
produced even by a reduced applied force and
O’ fracture occurs at point E.
 If the points C(yield point) and E (fracture
 Proportional limit : There is a linear relation point) are close, the material is said to be
between stress and strain in between O and A and brittle. If they are far apart, the material is said
hence Hooke’s law is obeyed. to be ductile.

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