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Factors Affecting Wire Resistance Study

The document outlines a Physics investigatory project by Gunjan Khandal on the factors affecting the resistance of a wire, guided by Mrs. Kshitija Badala. It includes sections on the aim, introduction to resistance, theory based on Ohm's Law, materials, procedure, observations, and conclusions drawn from the experiment. Key findings indicate that resistance increases with wire length, decreases with thickness, and is influenced by material and temperature, supporting the formula R = ρL/A.

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sajjankumar0664
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13 views11 pages

Factors Affecting Wire Resistance Study

The document outlines a Physics investigatory project by Gunjan Khandal on the factors affecting the resistance of a wire, guided by Mrs. Kshitija Badala. It includes sections on the aim, introduction to resistance, theory based on Ohm's Law, materials, procedure, observations, and conclusions drawn from the experiment. Key findings indicate that resistance increases with wire length, decreases with thickness, and is influenced by material and temperature, supporting the formula R = ρL/A.

Uploaded by

sajjankumar0664
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Index

1. Certificate

2. Acknowledgement

3. Aim

4. Introduction

5. Theory

6. Materials Required

7. Procedure

8. Observation Table

9. Graph

10. Conclusion
Certificate
This is to certify that Gunjan Khandal of Class XII, St. Matthew's Mission School, has
successfully completed the Physics investigatory project titled “Study of Factors
Affecting Resistance of a Wire” under the guidance of Mrs. Kshitija Badala during the
academic session 2024–2025.

External Signature Principal Internal Signature


Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Physics teacher, Mrs. Kshitija
Badala, for her valuable guidance and support throughout the completion of this
project. I also thank my school, St. Matthew's Mission School, for providing me with
the resources and environment to complete this work.
Aim
To study the factors on which the resistance of a wire depends.
Introduction
Resistance is the property of a conductor by virtue of which it opposes the flow of
current through it. It is denoted by the symbol R and is measured in ohms ( Ω). The
resistance of a wire depends upon its length, cross-sectional area, material, and
temperature. This project aims to understand how these factors influence
resistance.
Theory
According to Ohm’s Law: V = IR

Where V = Voltage, I = Current, R = Resistance

The resistance of a conductor is given by: R = ρL/A

Where:

R = Resistance

ρ = Resistivity of the material

L = Length of the wire

A = Cross-sectional area of the wire


Materials Required
1. Battery or Power supply

2. Ammeter and Voltmeter

3. Rheostat

4. Wires of different lengths and thicknesses

5. Key (Switch)

6. Connecting wires

7. Scale and screw gauge


Procedure
1. Connect the circuit with battery, ammeter, voltmeter, rheostat, and test wire.

2. Close the key and adjust the rheostat to vary the current.

3. Note the potential difference across the wire using the voltmeter.

4. Repeat the process with wires of different lengths and thicknesses.

5. Calculate resistance using the formula R = V/I.


Observation Table

20 0.5 1.2 0.3 4.0


40 0.5 2.5 0.3 8.3
60 0.5 3.7 0.3 12.3
20 1.0 0.8 0.4 2.0
40 1.0 1.5 0.4 3.8
Graph
The following graph shows Resistance vs Length for a constant thickness of 0.5 mm.
Conclusion
From the experiment, it is concluded that resistance of a wire:
1. Increases with increase in length.
2. Decreases with increase in thickness.
3. Depends on the material and temperature of the wire.

These results support the formula R = ρL/A and are consistent with Ohm’s Law.

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