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Marketing Competition and Customer Needs

Chapter 10 discusses the role of marketing in identifying and satisfying customer needs profitably, emphasizing the importance of market research, customer loyalty, and adapting to changing consumer demands. It outlines strategies for businesses to maintain competitiveness, such as improving existing products and maintaining good customer relationships. The chapter also covers mass and niche marketing, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the significance of market segmentation for targeted marketing efforts.

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Nisa Bahl
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 views11 pages

Marketing Competition and Customer Needs

Chapter 10 discusses the role of marketing in identifying and satisfying customer needs profitably, emphasizing the importance of market research, customer loyalty, and adapting to changing consumer demands. It outlines strategies for businesses to maintain competitiveness, such as improving existing products and maintaining good customer relationships. The chapter also covers mass and niche marketing, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the significance of market segmentation for targeted marketing efforts.

Uploaded by

Nisa Bahl
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Notes Chapter 10

Section 4: Marketing
Chapter 10: Marketing competition and the customer

Key for Notes:


 Definition= blue
 Analysis – green
 Important points – red
Underline – all of the above as important
 Purple- syllabus guide
 Other colors- irrelevant

*CHECK NOTES FROM TB


* CHECK NOTES FROM SYLLABUS GUIDE
* ANALYSIS??
Definition
Marketing: Marketing is identifying customer wants and satisfying them
profitably.
Customer: Person, business or other organization which buys goods and
services from a business

The Marketing Department


 Sales
 Responsible for the sale of the product
 It will usually have separate sections to each region which the product is
distributed
 Product exported- May be an export team ?

 Market research
Responsible for finding out
 customers’ needs
 Market changes
 Impact of competitors’ actions

 Report these to the marketing director: This information used to help


make decisions about research and development of new products,
pricing levels, sales strategies and promotion strategies
?
 Promotions
 Organize the advertising of the product
 Arranges for advertisements to be produced
 Types of promotion included in the campaign
 Has a marketing budget

 Distribution
 Transports the products to the market

The role of marketing


1. Central role of marketing:
 Identifying customer needs
Finding out-
 What kind of products
 prices they are willing to pay
 where they want to buy these products/ services
 how they want to buy these products/ services
 and what after sales services they want

 satisfying customer needs


Why?
So that goods and services can be sold profitably - analysis

 Failure to meet their needs or doing it less well than competitors lend
to business facing risk of closure

2. Maintaining customer loyalty

How?
By building customer relationships

 Keeping close links to customers to find out if products are continuing


to meet their need
Or if a customer changes their expectations of what they want from a G/S=
business HAS TO meet these needs
 Important for business to keep existing customers (customer loyalty)
and not just concentrate on new ones = cheaper for business
E.g.) With loyalty cards

3. Build customer relationships


To gain info about customers
 Important - changing needs are understood
 Market research info above can be used to understand why
customers buy products and how they use them = more effective
marketing

4. To anticipate changes in customer needs


Identifying new trends in customer demands
Or
Gaps in the market = so business can produce G&S that are not currently
available

If the marketing department is successful in identifying future customer


requirements:
 Raise customer awareness
 Increase market share
 Increase revenue and profitability
 Maintain/ improve the image of products/business-
brand/product image
 Target a new market/market segment
 Enter new markets at home/abroad
 Develop new products/ improve existing products

Understanding market changes


Why do customer/consumer spending patterns change?

 Consumer tastes and fashion change


 Changes in technology
 Changes in income
 The economy has high unemployment- many customers will by cheaper
products
 Ageing population
E.g.) Country has greater percentage of older people- products with increasing
demand would be anti-ageing creams or canes.

The power and importance of changing customer needs


If business fail to respond to customer needs – likely fail
 Customer is ‘king’ because if their needs change:
Successful businesses- research and know what these changes are and
RESPOND to them

Why have markets become more competitive?


1. Globalization of markets
 Products increasingly sold all over the world

2. Transportation improvements
 Easier and cheaper to transport products from one part of the world to
another

3. Internet/e-commerce
 Consumers can buy products from overseas markets
 Even some services
E.g.) insurance can be bought from other countries

In conclusion: Increased consumer awareness about products


+ the different internation businesses that produce them make a market much
more competitive.

How can businesses respond to changing spending patterns and increased


competition
1. Maintain good customer relationships
 Key role in continuing to meet customer needs- provides market
research info about customers
 Marketing departments will respond to these customer needs when they
change= will maintain customer loyalty
+ cheaper to keep existing customers than gain new ones

2. Keep improving its existing product


 Especially true if competitors improve product
 Making G/S very different from competitors: businesses will be known
for differentiated products

3. Bring out new products to keep customer interest


 Help business maintain/increase market share

4. Keep costs low to maintain competitiveness


 This should help keep prices low = more sales
What is meant by a market?
Definition
Market: Market for a particular good or services is made up by the total
customers and potential customers, as well as sellers , for that particular
good/services

Total no. of sales/value of sales for that good or service ÷


Measured:
All the suppliers of the good or services

Mass Marketing:
Process of devising products with mass appeal and promoting them to all types
of customers
E.g.) Coca cola- generic brand
 Coca cola aims products to young and old
 Aims to be the market leader

Advantages of Mass Marketing

*DRAW MASS MARKETING FLOW CHART FROM GNOTES ON WORD


1. Faster production:
all products same and same machine used

2. More sales: due to higher consumer base

3. Economies of scale

4. Easier to diversify- produce different products = risk spread


5. Opportunities for growth of business: high potential sales

Disadvantages of Mass Marketing


1. Prices can’t be too high- overall profits may not increase significantly if
sales are high.
 Not personalized

2. Longer ROI – overall profits not high even if sales high

3. More competition

4. Less innovation: less variety from your business

5. High costs of advertising and promotion: reducing overall profits= higher


COP

Definition
Niche Marketing: Process of tailoring a product to a particular type of customer
and market segment.
 A niche involves- identifying consumers that make up niche
 A specialized G/S is then designed to meet the distinctive needs of the
consumer

Advantages of niche marketing


1. Premium price can be charged: highly differentiated products which are
valued by the target niche market

2. Loyal customer base – needs of customer MORE focused on


+ good customer relations

3. Little/no competition- safe haven

4. Products are not very price sensitive – PED

Disadvantages of niche market


1. Markets may remain small

2. Successful niche firms may attract larger firms which will take market
share

3. Dependance on one product- more risks

4. Have to have more quality control – high COP

Market segments
Definition
Market segmentation: Dividing the whole market into segments by consumer
characteristics and then targeting different products to each segment.
 Marketing department (MD) will divide the market into market segments

- Advertising: MD knows the best and most likely place where a particular
market segment will SEE the advertisement
- MD knows how to design advertisements to appeal to the particular
market segment
How to segment the market:
 Age
 Gender
 Income
 Ethnicity
 Religion
 Socio-economic group
 Area

Segmenting a market can help a business to:


1. Make marketing expenditure cost effective
Producing a product which closely meets the needs of these customers and
targeting its market efforts only in this segment.

2. Enjoy higher sales and profits- cost effective marketing

3. Identifying gaps in a market segment – offer opportunities to increase


sales

4. Businesses can use market segmentation to sell more products:


By making different brands of one product and then aiming each
brand at a different market segment

Which method of segmentation should be used?


The factors a business will consider before choosing an appropriate method of
segmentation include:
 Size- detailed analysis of ‘size’ of each potential segment- in terms of
consumers and likely sales
 Company image and brand image

 E.g.) A ‘high tech’ business with an excellent reputation for innovation


will not want to produce low-priced goods for low-income consumers.
 Cost of entering each segment
 E.g.) Specially designed product and advertising campaign?

Common questions

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Maintaining or improving brand and product image is crucial for distinguishing a company in competitive markets, as it enhances customer trust and attraction . A strong brand image helps increase customer awareness and loyalty, leading to a larger market share and higher profitability . It also facilitates targeting new markets or segments and launching new or improved products, thereby broadening the company's reach and potential customer base .

Markets have become more competitive due to globalization, advancements in transportation, and the rise of internet commerce, which collectively increase the accessibility of international products to consumers . These factors enhance consumer awareness and empower them to choose from a broader range of options, compelling businesses to differentiate their products and innovate continuously . As competition intensifies, businesses must focus on maintaining customer relationships, upgrading products, and optimizing costs to sustain market presence and profitability .

Effective market research involves gathering information about consumer needs, market changes, and competitors' actions, which guides strategic decisions in product development, pricing, sales, and promotion . By continuously analyzing this data, businesses can anticipate shifts in customer expectations and adjust offerings or strategies accordingly, thereby maintaining customer loyalty and staying competitive . Successful market research helps in recognizing new trends and gaps, leading to increased awareness, market share, and profitability through improved product and brand image or entering new markets .

Customer loyalty is vital for reducing marketing costs and ensuring repeat business, as it's cheaper to retain existing customers than acquire new ones . Businesses can maintain loyalty by building and nurturing customer relationships, regularly assessing if products meet customer needs, and adapting to changes in expectations . Loyalty programs like cards can incentivize repeat purchases and deepen customer connections .

Mass marketing benefits include faster production due to standardized processes, larger sales volumes due to a wider consumer base, and economies of scale . However, drawbacks include potential profit limitations because prices cannot be too high, lack of personalization, extended return on investment periods, more competition, less innovation, and high advertising costs reducing overall profitability .

Technological changes influence consumer spending patterns by altering how consumers interact with products and services, often leading to shifts in demand and preferences . As technology evolves, it can create new channels for purchasing, such as e-commerce, and alter the types of products consumers desire, impacting which products businesses prioritize and how they market them . Businesses that adapt to these technological shifts can gain a competitive advantage by meeting the evolving needs and expectations of their customers .

Globalization of markets increases competitiveness by expanding the reach of products globally and exposing businesses to international competition . Improvements in transportation and the advent of internet commerce make it easier and cheaper to sell products worldwide . This increased consumer awareness and access to international brands heightens competition, requiring businesses to enhance their products and strategies to retain market share .

Niche marketing allows businesses to charge premium prices for highly differentiated products that specifically meet the needs of a targeted market segment, fostering a loyal customer base and minimizing competition . However, it carries risks such as remaining confined to a small market, potentially attracting larger competitors, dependency on a single product, and necessitating high-quality control, leading to increased costs .

Market segmentation allows businesses to divide the entire market based on specific consumer characteristics, enabling them to target products more effectively . This targeted approach makes marketing expenditure more cost-effective by aligning products closely with consumer needs, increasing sales and profits . It also helps in identifying gaps and opportunities in the market, allowing businesses to increase sales by catering to underserved segments .

Businesses can maintain good customer relationships to ensure continued alignment with customer needs, thus preserving loyalty and reducing the cost of acquiring new customers . Continuously improving existing products and differentiating them from competitors can help businesses remain competitive . Additionally, releasing new products keeps consumer interest alive, potentially expanding market share . Finally, keeping costs low aids in offering competitive pricing, which can lead to higher sales .

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