Question 1 10

The two apprentices may have contravened some of their obligations as workers within
International Labour Organisation Convention C155 – Occupational Safety and Health
Convention, 1981 (No.155) Article 19 and associated Recommendation R164 – Occupational
Safety and Health Recommendation, 1981 (No.164) recommendation 16. Comment on the
extent to which Article 19 of C155 and recommendation 16 of R164 may have been
contravened.

Ans C155

there are some obligation that are enforced by the ILO in its article 19 of C155 are described under

1 AS we concluded from the scenario above that no cooperation was shown at the worker’s end for the
fulfillment of the obligations that were placed upon them during execution of work

2 There was also shown in the case of the steel working organization that there was not any personnel
present who can act as representative of the workers and with whom the information be shared about
various steps that the employer had took to insure the safety and health.

3 It was also clear that there was no representative of the worker who could have cooperated with the
employer so that those health and safety standards can be achieved which were discussed previously

4 the worker at the steel manufacturing should have been entitled to receive appropriate training such
as induction trainings but they were not given any training before commencement of work

5 From the scenario that was also clear that there was no consultation between the worker or their
representative and the employer on the the steps taking by the employer to ensure the worker safety
but

6 The worker had kept on continuing their work despite of reporting and the no clear steps taken by the
employer for ensuring the safety of worker which is clear breach of rules that ILO placed on them

R164

The following recommendation in response to ILO C155 were addressed in R 164

7 In the scenario it was evident that the workers were not taking care of their own safety and the
safety of the people working with them as they were moving under the crane

8 This was also shown in the scenario that the workers did not comply with the instructions that were
given to them by the employer that could ensure their health and safety like in the scenario we saw that
the worker was using mobile phone while walking through under the crane which was clearly prohibited
by the employer.

9 In the scenario there was also an indication that there was no culture in the organization for reporting
to their immediate supervisor of the hazard that employee’s thinks posses risk to them
10 Workers (were doing that reporting near misses)??????

Question 2 10
what financial arguments could you use to convince the GWM that health and safety needs to be
improved? (10) Note: You should support your answer, where applicable, using relevant information
from the scenario

A Following are the some of the reasons due to which the organization can be hurt financially if they did
not improve the standards of health and safety

1Whenever an accident takes place in the workplace there will be some costs that are generated with
the accidents. These costs can be categorized in various types and have different impacts

2There is cost of the item that can de damage during an accident is the cost that will increase the overall
cost

3 the worker that has been injured in the accident his first aid is an additional cost and in the scenario
we saw that the first aid was provided to worker

4In the scenario we also saw that during the accident the work was temporary stop which can lead to a
loss on production time during the work hours

5 In the scenario we also that the organization also had to provide the sick pay leave to the injured
employee that was also contributed in the cost increment

6There was also an indication that the machines part i.e. the alarm of the crane was not working so its
maintenance cost is also to be beard by the organization that happen in the scenario

7 the premium cost taken by the insurance company is also an additional financial burden on the
company because of the increase accidents due to poor health and safety condition

8 The hiring of the new worker and the time in his training and the unwillingness among the worker to
work with the company is an indirect cost on the organization

9 loss of good will by the clients due to delays that will occurs because of hiring and training of the new
staff is the indirect cost that a company has to bear

10 The damage to the reputation of the company due to increasing accident is also a reason that the
health and safety arrangements should be proper and will also hurt company financially.
Question 4

Task 4: Management failures

ANS) There were many negative approaches that the management of the steel fabrication workshop
was found guilty of the management composed of the GWM, supervisor, the apprentices.

1) GENERAL WORK MANGER (GWM)

1 As we saw in the scenario that the GWM was not allocating the proper recourses for the work to be
done in the organization and was demanding the extra work from the workers

2 It was also evident from the scenario that the GWM was not keen in taking the initiative for the health
and safety and was not eager to take any responsibility for it

3 It was also highlighted in the scenario that the GWM did not show at any moment that he was giving
the proper time for the issues of health and safety

4 The GWM was also did not cooperated with the health and safety officer with the prioritization on the
implementation health and safety issues

5 There was also a failure on the GWM behalf on providing the competent staff in the organization as
seen in the scenario

6 The GWM also did not helped with the investigation when the accident happen and tired to delay it as
was mentioned in scenario

2) SUPERVISOR

7 The supervisor was responsible for the implementation of the health and safety guidelines laid out by
the organization but we saw in scenario that he failed to establish the health and safety policy of the
organization

8 The other thing that is highlighted in the scenario that goes against him was that he was not present
on the location of the accident

3) APPRENTICES

9The apprentices did not received any training and did not had any past experience still they started the
work and this is highlighted in the scenario

10They did not took care of their own safety or the safety of others working with them as highlighted in
the scenario
11 This was also highlighted in the scenario that they did not commenced with the rules and regulations
that were laid out by the organization as he was using mobile phone and it was prohibited by the
organization.

Question Task 3: Suitability of the generic risk assessment 3

Based on the scenario only, what is negative about the management approach to assessing health and
safety risks in the fabrication workshop?

Following are the some of the indicators that highlight towards the negative approach of the
management approach for assessing the health and safety of the site

1 The top leadership was not eager to take any serious step or initiative towards insuring the health and
safety of the organization that was evident from the scenario

2 It was also mentioned in the scenario that the risk assessment that was developed was only focusing
on the low risk activities

3 The scenario also pointed out towards that the risk assessment was outdated and the was about three
years old is clearly highlighting the fact the not reviewing culture was present

4 The risk assessment that was also failed in highlight the specific hazards that were present in the
organization as it was only highlighting the low risk one

5 As we saw in scenario that the risk assessment was also unable to provide the further actions that will
be required as the corrective action

6 The risk assessment was also unable to highlight all the people within the organization that are at risk
and what can be done to avoid it

Task 5: Reporting the accident

Following are some of the reasons that accident at the work site must be reported

1 It is a legal compliance that all the accidents that take place at the worksite should be reported to the
competent authorities

2 The reporting the accidents at the worksite are also the process which can help government in data
gathering for policy making
3The accident that are not reported to the competent authority can next time turn into major
catastrophe and can lead to many losses both financial and personal

4 The reporting the accident to a competent authority will help in the development of the risk
assessment process to other organizations and also providing with suitable preventive measures for that
specific risk

5 The reporting of the accident is also important because if the accident that are not reported is
consider the breach of the national law and can be result in fines or imprisonment

(b) How would you notify the competent authority about this accident?

There are different ways in which an accident can be reported to the competent authorities

1 we can report the accident by sending out the email to the authority that will notify them of the
accident occur

2 A meeting can also be arrange between the authority and the organization reporting the accident

3 It can also be mentioned on the company’s website that an accident occurring and its details which
can help the authorities

4 An external audit visit can be arranged through which the information of accident can be provided to
them

5 A telephone call can be made immediately to the competent authority and telling them about the
accident occurring.

Task 6: Health and safety management systems

6 Part of a health and safety management system is having good leadership in place.

Task 8: Prioritising health and safety issues

8 You have decided to form a health and safety committee to help improve health and safety at the
steelworks. Based on the scenario only, identify TEN health and safety issues that the committee
should prioritise at their first meeting.

Following are the issues that should be discussed at the health and safety committee to improve the
safety and health at the steel work organization
1 There should be a culture development of reviewing the reports of the active monitoring at the
workplace as we say that there was no report writing culture in the organization and reviewing those
reports

2 The studying the statistics of the various previous accidents and statistics that could identify the
disease suffered by the workforce should also be made part of the committee which was not actively
done within the organization

3 There should be a consideration made for studying the reports that were sent by the competent
authorities

4 The safety committee meeting should also focus on that what level and type of training
should be provided to the staff and they should monitor the effectiveness of the training

5The safety committee meeting there should a consideration made for appointing the
representative from the workers side so that he can present the issues faced by the worker
during the job effectively

6 The safety committee meeting should also work for considering the various issues that are
reported by the workers that are affecting their work safety

7 The committee should also discuss about the procedures to develop the health and safety
policy and how the committee can assist the organization in it

8The committee should also play its role in the monitoring that how effective is the safety
related communication within the organization

9 the committee should also examines that what key area the safety audit reports are
highlighting and how organization can work for its betterment of the points highlighted in the
report

Task 7: Near misses 7 It is often a matter of chance that a near miss turns into an accident. How could
an investigation of the previous near misses have helped prevent this accident? (15)

Note: You should support your answer, where applicable, using relevant information from the scenario.

a) The main difference that is between a near miss and an actual accident is pure luck and there is a
strong possibility that next time it can result in major accident

1 The near miss can be used as a tool in identifying the immediate cause and the root cause of the
accident and can be removed before it causes any major issue related to health and safety
2 This was also clear from the scenario that the hazard which was causing the near miss was present and
no care of it was taken to prevent its reoccurrence while if that near miss was taken care of if it the
accident could have been prevented before

3 The reporting of the near misses is also important for collection and recording of evidence which can
likely become a danger as it was already mentioned in scenario that the workers were reporting it
beforehand if there was any seriousness at the behalf of top management there was a data available on
which there could be actions taken

4 It is also a legal compliance in some countries to record and report all the near misses to the
competent authority of data collection purposes so that it can be made a part of risk assessment in
policy and as evidence

5 The near misses are also the requirement of the health and safety management system within the
organization as it is an example of reactive monitoring and highlight the actions that are needed for
further improvement

6 The near misses reporting can also boost up the staff morale as they will believe that the company is
giving their health and safety priority and will be an indicator of a positive culture

7 The near misses reporting as evident from the scenario are also important for disciplinary purposes as
if the action was taken against the crane operator could have taken beforehand the accident could have
been contravened

8 The near misses can also help in the data gathering procedure following the trends and patterns of
their occurring so that it could be predicted before any damage occurs to people or their surroundings

9 The near misses can also help in the prioritization of risks that are present in the work environment so
that the resources could be directed towards the dedicated area.

10 The near misses investigation also highlights the gaps in the previous assessment which can be
corrected afterwards

10 Task 9: Training 9

You have decided to compile an induction pack for new apprentices. Based on the scenario only, what
information should you prioritise in this induction pack?