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Glycosides: Properties and Tests

The document outlines the expected learning outcomes for a Pharmacognosy lab course focusing on flavonoids and glycosides. It details the classification of glycosides, their properties, and various tests to identify them, including tests for saponins, cardenolides, flavonoids, and anthraquinones. The introduction highlights the significance of flavonoids as plant pigments with various health benefits.

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Jhen Erica
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11 views3 pages

Glycosides: Properties and Tests

The document outlines the expected learning outcomes for a Pharmacognosy lab course focusing on flavonoids and glycosides. It details the classification of glycosides, their properties, and various tests to identify them, including tests for saponins, cardenolides, flavonoids, and anthraquinones. The introduction highlights the significance of flavonoids as plant pigments with various health benefits.

Uploaded by

Jhen Erica
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

03/04/2025

OUR LADY OF FATIMA


UNIVERSITY
College of Pharmacy EXPECTED LEARNING
OUTCOMES:

Pharmacognosy with • At the end of the course, the


Plant Chemistry students should:
(PCOG 211 LAB)
1. Determine the physical and
POST LAB DISCUSSION chemical properties of flavonoids.

GLYCOSIDES 2. Know the methods in the


EXERCISE 6 extraction of flavonoids

INTRODUCTION
• Flavonoids are phenolic plant pigments
generally containing γ-benzopyrone
nucleus.
• This include anthocyanins and
leucoanthocyanins. Other flavonoids are
 Glycosides are widely distributed throughout the cathechins, aurone and chalcones.
plant kingdom and are contained in various fruits, • Flavonoid glycosides are yellow
pigments of flowers, seeds, bark and exudation of pigments in flowers and plants which have
plants. demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-
INTRODUCTION  Glycosides of animal origin are rare. The allergic effects, antithrombotic and
aglycone fractions are mostly cyclic or aromatic vasoprotective properties.
structures, also including steroid structures.
• These plant constituents exert
antioxidant effects on free radicals in the
body.

Glycosides Glycosides

The glycosides can be classified by the


glycone, by the type of glycosidal • On the basis of glycosidic
linkage, and by the aglycone. linkage:
O-glycosides
• On the basis of glycone: N-glycosides
Glycone Glycone classification S-glycosides
Glucose Glucoside C-glycosides
Fructose Fructoside
Glucoronic acid Glucoronide

1
03/04/2025

Glycosides Test for Saponin Glycosides

• On the basis of aglycones:  Froth test

Test for Cardenolides and


Test for Saponin Glycosides Bufadienolides
 Liebermann-Burchard Test • Keller-Kiliani Test
(For unsaturated sterols and triterpenes) (Test for 2–deoxy sugars)

+ result = reddish brown color, which may


+ result = blue to green, red ,pink, purple or turn blue or purple
violet

Test for Flavonoids Test for Flavonoids


• Bate-Smith and Metcalf • Wilstatter “Cyanidin” Test
(Test for Leucoanthocyanins) (Test for γ – benzopyrone nucleus)

+ result = strong red or violet + result = color range from orange to red, to
crimson and magenta, occ. Green or blue

2
03/04/2025

Test for Anthraquinones Test for Anthraquinones


• Borntrager Test • Modified Borntrager Test

+ result = a red coloration in the lower


ammoniacal layer + result = a pink color

ANY QUESTIONS?
______@ fatima. [Link]

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